Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI, T-2588) fine granules in children were performed and the following results were obtained. 1. Peak serum concentrations in 4 children given orally a dose of 3 mg/kg and 2 children given orally a dose of 6 mg/kg after meal were reached in 3 to 4 hours and the concentration curves were dependent on dosage levels. The urinary recovery rates up to 8 hours were 29.7% in children given a dose of 3 mg/kg and 29.7% in children given a dose of 6 mg/kg. 2. Clinical efficacies were evaluated in 38 patients with bacterial infections. Twenty seven patients were given each doses of 3 mg/kg in 3 times a day and other 11 patients each doses of 6 mg/kg in 3 times. Clinical effects of CFTM-PI were excellent in 18, good in 19, fair in 1 case, hence the overall clinical efficacy rate was 97.4%. 3. Bacteriologically, 24 strains of causative organisms were isolated. The overall bacteriological eradication rate was 81.8%. Antimicrobial activities were excellent especially against Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. 4. As for the side effects, slight loose stools were observed in 2 cases, and in laboratory tests, elevations of GOT and GPT were observed in 1 case and an elevation of eosinophil was observed in 1 case. But no one needed any treatment. 5. CFTM-PI is a useful and safe oral antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infections in pediatrics.
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PMID:[Laboratory and clinical studies on cefteram pivoxil in pediatric field]. 281 Jul 39

Cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI, T-2588), a new oral cephalosporin antibiotic, was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in children. Fifty-three patients with bacterial infections were treated with 8.3 to 21.8 mg/kg/day of CFTM-PI. The drug was very effective (efficacy rate 98.1%) in pharyngitis, otitis media, tracheobronchitis, pneumonia and skin infections. The antibacterial potency was very good against Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae, and was comparable with cephalexin against Staphylococcus aureus. No severe adverse reaction was encountered with the CFTM-PI therapy. The data suggest that CFTM-PI is a safe and effective antibiotic when used in children with susceptible bacterial infections.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of cefteram pivoxil in the pediatric field]. 281 Jul 44

Cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI, T-2588), a new oral cephem antibiotic of ester type, was evaluated for its safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics. 1. One child, 4 years of age (18 kg body weight), was administered orally 3 mg/kg after meal. The peak serum level of CFTM was 0.78 microgram/ml after 2 hours, and cumulative urinary excretion rate during the first 6 hours was 15.0%. 2. Clinical studies on CFTM-PI were carried out in 17 pediatric patients; 1 with acute pharyngitis, 2 with acute tonsillitis, 1 each with pertussis, acute bronchitis, 2 with broncho-pneumonia, 4 with scarlatina, 3 with acute otitis media, and 1 each with lymphadenitis, acrobystitis and urinary tract infection. Clinical responses were excellent in 9, good in 6, fair in 1, poor in 1, and the overall clinical efficacy rate was 88.2%. 3. Bacteriological efficacy was investigated with 10 strains of 5 species (Streptococcus pyogenes 4, Streptococcus pneumoniae 2, Haemophilus influenzae 2, Enterococcus and Bacteroides 1) isolated from 9 patients. All strains were eradicated. 4. As to adverse reactions, mild diarrhea was observed in 1 patient. But therapy had to be continued without procedure and the diarrhea disappeared after 6 days. No adverse hematological, renal or hepatic effects were noted.
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PMID:[A clinical study on cefteram pivoxil in the field of pediatrics]. 281 Jul 56

A newly developed cephalosporin, cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI, T-2588), was evaluated clinically in 40 patients. A pharmacokinetic study was also performed with 8 patients. CFTM-PI was administered as granules. One patient was given CFTM-PI at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg, each of 3 patients was given the drug at a dose of 3 mg/kg and each of 4 patients at a dose of 6 mg/kg. In most cases, serum concentrations of CFTM were determined at 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours after dosing. Urinary concentrations of CFTM were measured for urinary samples collected during periods of 0-2, 2-4, 4-6 and 6-8 hours after dosing. CFTM was assayed using the disk or the cup method using Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 as the test organism. The clinical evaluation was conducted in 40 children including 13 patients of acute tonsillitis, 10 of acute lacunar tonsillitis, 10 of scarlet fever, 2 of acute bronchitis, 2 of pneumonia, and 1 each of pneumonia with enteritis, phlegmon and urinary tract infection. The patients were from 4 months to 13 years old. Daily doses were from 8.7 to 12 mg/kg. After CFTM-PI administration in doses 1.5 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg, peak serum concentrations of CFTM were 0.38 microgram/ml, 0.73-2.25 micrograms/ml and 1.2-2.9 micrograms/ml, respectively, and half-lives were 1.55, 0.95-2.30 and 0.80-2.72 hours, respectively. Urinary excretion rates up to 6 or 8 hours after dosing were 10.8-24.7%. Clinical efficacies of CFTM-PI in 40 patients were "excellent" in 27 children, "good" in 12 children and "fair" in 1 with an efficacy rate of 97.5%. Twenty seven strains of causative organisms, including 15 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes, 1 of Escherichia coli, 1 of Salmonella 04, 6 of Haemophilus influenzae, 1 of Haemophilus parainfluenzae and 3 of Branhamella catarrhalis, were isolated. After treatment all strains except 1 strain of B. catarrhalis (unchanged), Salmonella 04 (unknown) and 1 strain of H. parainfluenzae (unknown) were eradicated. Side effects observed clinically were only 1 case of diarrhea. Eosinophilia was observed in 1 case.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on cefteram pivoxil granules in pediatrics]. 281 Jul 57

The clinical efficacy and the safety of cefteram pivoxil granule (CFTM-PI, T-2588), a newly prepared drug for pediatric use, were performed. A total of 60 patients with ages between 6 months and 14 years 3 months with pediatric infections were medicated with CFTM-PI at dose levels of 3.2-9.9 mg/kg 3 times daily for 3-11 days. Clinical responses to the drug were excellent in 3 of 3 patients with acute pharyngitis, excellent in 14, good in 5 and poor in 2 of 21 patients with acute purulent tonsillitis, excellent in 1 and good in 2 of 3 patients with acute bronchitis, excellent in 16 and good in 8 of 24 patients with acute pneumonia, excellent in 3 and good in 1 of 4 patients with acute urinary tract infection and excellent in 2 of 2 patients with acute purulent lymphadenitis, hence the overall clinical efficacy rate was 96.5% in a total of 57 patients. Bacteriological responses to the drug were as follows: Eradicated, 8 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes, 3 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 19 strains of Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive; 7, beta-lactamase negative; 12), 1 strain of Haemophilus parainfluenzae (beta-lactamase positive) and 4 strains of Escherichia coli (beta-lactamase positive; 1, beta-lactamase negative; 3), decreased, 1 strain of S. pyogenes, hence the eradication rate was 97.2%. No side effects were encountered in any of the patients but for 3 who had diarrhoea and 1 who had loose stool, though these changes were slight. As abnormal laboratory test data, elevation of GOT was noted in 1 case, thrombocytosis and elevation of GPT in another. Also, none of the patients refused or complained of difficulty in intaking of the drug via oral route. In conclusion, CFTM-PI appeared to be a safe and highly effective antibiotic against pediatric infections.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of cefteram pivoxil in pediatrics]. 281 Jul 58

Cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI), the pivaloyloxymethyl ester of cefteram (CFTM) in which aminothiazol was also introduced into the 7 position of cephem nucleus, is a new oral cephem antibiotic. CFTM-PI was absorbed through the intestines and hydrolyzed to CFTM by esterases in the intestinal wall and existed in the body fluids as CFTM. A tablet form of this drug has been released in Japan and now a granular form for pediatric patients has been developed. We have determined MICs of 5 drugs (CFTM, cephalexin (CEX), cefaclor (CCL), ampicillin (ABPC), erythromycin (EM], against stock strains and MICs of 6 drugs (CFTM, CEX, CCL, ABPC, methicillin, cloxacillin) against fresh strains from patients received to CFTM-PI, with an inoculum size of 10(6) cfu/ml. A total of 149 strains included Gram-positive cocci i.e. Staphylococcus aureus (11), Streptococcus pyogenes (85), Streptococcus agalactiae (16) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (4), and Gram-negative rods i.e. Haemophilus influenzae (11), Bordetella pertussis (11), Escherichia coli (9), Proteus mirabilis (1) and Morganella morganii (1). The granular form of CFTM-PI was administered to 9 boys (age: 8 years 3 months approximately 10 years 10 months) to determine serum and urinary concentrations of the drug and its urinary recovery rates using bioassay. Doses of 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 mg/kg were given orally 30 minutes after meal to 3 boys, respectively. Urinary concentrations and its urinary recovery rates of T-2525A, a main metabolite of CFTM, were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). To study clinical and bacteriological effects of this drug, a mean daily dose of 3.3 mg/kg divided 3-4 times a day (3 times: 133 cases, 4 times: 9 cases) was administered for 8 days on the average to a total of 142 cases with pharyngitis (22), tonsillitis (12), acute bronchitis (3), pneumonia (11), pleurisy (1), scarlet fever (28), acute purulent otitis media (16), impetigo (13), abscess (2), purulent lymphadenitis (1) and urinary tract infection (33). Adverse reactions and abnormal effects on laboratory test values attributable to this drug were studied in patients. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. With regard to Gram-positive cocci, MICs of CFTM against 11 fresh strains of S. aureus ranged from 3.13 to 6.25 micrograms/ml except for 1 strain, thus CFTM was equally effective to CEX, but less active than the other drugs tested.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of cefteram pivoxil granule in the pediatric field]. 281 Jul 62