Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Freeze-substitution was performed on strains of Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Campylobacter fetus, Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Aeromonas salmonicida, Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae, Caulobacter crescentus, and Leptothrix discophora with a substitution medium composed of 2% osmium tetroxide and 2% uranyl acetate in anhydrous acetone. A thick periplasmic gel ranging from 10.6 to 14.3 nm in width was displayed in E. coli K-12, K30, and His 1 (a K-12 derivative containing the K30 capsule genes), P. multocida, C. fetus, P. putida, A. salmonicida, H. pleuropneumoniae, and P. mirabilis. The other bacteria possessed translucent periplasms in which a thinner peptidoglycan layer was seen. Capsular polysaccharide, evident as electron-dense fibers radiating outward perpendicular to the cell surface, was observed on E. coli K30 and His 1 and P. mirabilis cells. A more random arrangement of fibers forming a netlike structure was apparent surrounding cells of H. pleuropneumoniae. For the first time a capsule, distinct from the sheath, was observed on L. discophora. In all instances, capsular polysaccharide was visualized in the absence of stabilizing agents such as homologous antisera or ruthenium red. Other distinct envelope structures were observed external to the outer membrane including the sheath of L. discophora and the S layers of A. salmonicida A450 and C. crescentus CB15A. We believe that the freeze-substitution technique presents a more accurate image of the structural organization of these cells and that it has revealed complex ultrastructural relationships between cell envelope constituents previously difficult to visualize by more conventional means of preparation.
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PMID:Freeze-substitution of gram-negative eubacteria: general cell morphology and envelope profiles. 199 83

The sugar composition and the electrophoretic mobility in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the various lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) were determined to correlate epidemiologic data with compositional data. Rabbit sera specific in Ouchterlony immunodiffusion for 10 different LPS (LPS 1-10) reacted with 647 or 690 Hib strains isolated from patients with invasive disease in various continents. Serotype 1 was predominant and was found in 550 isolates (80%). None of the Hib isolates reacted with antisera specific for LPS of two nonencapsulated isolates (LPS 5 and 6). Sugar analysis by gas-liquid chromatography of trimethylsilylated methyl glycosides revealed that the LPS of the 10 serotypes contained glucose, galactose, L-glycero-D-mannoheptose, and glucosamine in various proportions. LPS 1, 2, 8, and 9 contained the highest amounts of glucose and galactose relative to L-glycero-D-mannoheptose, which is considered present in constant amounts in H. influenzae LPS. LPS 1, 2, and 9 were most frequently found in invasive disease isolates.
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PMID:Biochemical characterization and worldwide distribution of serologically distinct lipopolysaccharides of Haemophilus influenzae type b. 211 26

The newly available Haemophilus influenzae type b (HIB) protein conjugate vaccines are efficacious among study populations in which a high proportion of infants and children are vaccinated. In this retrospective study, we show the impact of the availability of HIB conjugate vaccines on the incidence of HIB meningitis at Arkansas Children's Hospital (ACH) in Little Rock. The Arkansas State Health Department estimates that only 43% of children in the state younger than 2 years of age have received the appropriate vaccinations. From 1985 through 1987, 27.3 +/- 4 HIB meningitis cases per year were treated at ACH. Although an HIB conjugate vaccine was licensed for 18-month-old children in December 1987, the incidence of HIB meningitis treated at ACH did not decrease significantly; there were 19.0 +/- 2 cases per year from 1988 through 1990. In December 1990, an HIB conjugate vaccine was licensed for use in infants beginning at 2 months of age. From that time through August 1992, there were five cases of HIB meningitis treated at ACH, representing a significant decrease over previous years. Four of these cases occurred in unimmunized infants younger than 6 months of age. The availability of HIB conjugate vaccines for infants has resulted in a dramatic decrease in the number of cases of HIB meningitis treated at ACH, despite a relatively low proportion of infants and children who are receiving vaccination.
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PMID:Impact of immunization against Haemophilus influenzae type b (HIB) on the incidence of HIB meningitis treated at Arkansas Children's Hospital. 828 16