Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical pattern of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) in children admitted to Port Moresby General Hospital (PMGH) was studied. Most patients (60%) were less than twelve months of age. Common symptoms were cough, fever and shortness of breath. Common signs were crepitations, chest recession, elevated temperature and tachypnoea. Concurrent illness was common, with evidence of malnutrition in 62% patients. Most patients were anaemic (haemoglobin less than 10g per dl). Blood cultures isolated pathogens in 13% of patients in which it was done, the most common isolate being Haemophilus influenzae. Chest radiograph showed most patients had multisegmental changes, with the lower lobes commonly involved. Of the 129 patients, discharges accounted for 106 (82%), while 15 (12%) absconded and eight (6%) died. Of those 121 discharged or absconding, 15 (12%) were readmitted within three months of departure. Sixty-six (51%) patients stayed in hospital for four days or less. Of the eight patients who died, six (75%) were malnourished, six (75%) were less than eighteen months of age, seven (87.5%) were sick for one week or less before admission, five (62.5%) had received antibiotics before admission and chest radiograph showed more lung zones affected than in those not dying. Of the eight patients who died, six had white cell counts (WCC) performed and none of these was more than 30,000.
 ...
PMID:Acute lower respiratory tract infections in children admitted to Port Moresby General Hospital. 633 17

The purpose of this study was to compare the pathogens obtained by oropharyngeal suction (OPS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in children with chronic pulmonary infections. Forty-four children (mean age of 6.1 years; range 4 months to 15 years) were included in the study (27 children with recurrent localized lung infection, 5 with bronchiectasis, 5 with cystic fibrosis, 2 with foreign body aspiration, 2 with bronchiolitis obliterans, and 3 with recurrent episodes of cough and shortness of breath). In 27 out of 44 BAL samples (61%) bacterial cultures were positive. The sensitivity of OPS in detecting the same BAL pathogen was 89% (24/27 samples), the specificity was 94% (16/17 samples), and the predictive value was 91% (40/44 samples). Hemophilus influenzae beta-lactamase negative was the main organism recovered from BAL in non-cystic fibrosis patients with recurrent or persistent pneumonia. We conclude that OPS is a simple and efficient noninvasive procedure which may be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of recurrent or chronic pulmonary infection.
 ...
PMID:Sensitivity and specificity of oropharyngeal suction versus bronchoalveolar lavage in identifying respiratory tract pathogens in children with chronic pulmonary infection. 747 80

Lower respiratory disease is a major source of morbidity in military recruits, with hospitalization rates for pneumonia more than 30 times that of the non-recruit population. The etiologic agent remains unknown in over 75% of cases. This study prospectively examined the etiology of pneumonia among recruits at Naval Training Center, San Diego, California. Recruits presenting with cough, fever, or shortness of breath and pulmonary infiltrates on chest X-ray were eligible for enrollment. A standardized scoring form and focused physical exam were completed on each subject. Sputum specimens were obtained for Gram's stain and culture, DNA probing for Legionella and Mycoplasma species, and direct fluorescent antibody staining for Legionella. Acute and convalescent serologies were performed for adenovirus, influenza A and B, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia group, and respiratory syncytial virus. Of 110 eligible patients, 100 consented to enrollment and 75 patients completed the study. Etiologic diagnoses were obtained in 40 of the patients (53%). M. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and viruses accounted for the majority of infections. Mixed infections were seen in six patients. Forty-seven percent of patients had no diagnosis established. Pneumonia in this series of military recruits was frequently caused by M. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. Fifty percent of cases were undiagnosed with routinely available laboratory methods. Further studies are warranted to more clearly define the etiologic agents of recruit pneumonia and the utility of prophylactic measures.
 ...
PMID:Pneumonia in military recruits. 787 Mar 17

BACKGROUND Parainfluenza viruses (PIV) are known to cause mild respiratory tract infections in immunocompetent patients but can cause severe infections in immune-compromised patients such as transplant recipients and children with HIV. PIV infection in HIV-infected adults has rarely been reported. We report a case of PIV pneumonia in an adult with AIDS who was successfully treated with oral ribavirin. CASE REPORT A 64-year-old man with history of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was admitted to the hospital with shortness of breath that began 3 days before. He was in respiratory distress and required mechanical ventilation on arrival. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture was positive for Hemophilus influenzae and a respiratory viral panel was positive for Parainfluenza virus. The patient was initially started on Cefepime and Trimethoprim- Sulfamethoxazole and later changed to Ceftriaxone based on culture results. As the patient's condition did not improve after 48 h, oral ribavirin was added to treat PIV. The patient subsequently improved and was extubated after 72 h. CONCLUSIONS Oral ribavirin can have a beneficial effect in AIDS patients who have PIV-associated pneumonia. Further investigation of the benefit of oral ribavirin in similar cases is warranted.
 ...
PMID:Hemophilus influenzae and Parainfluenza Virus Pneumonia in a Patient with AIDS. 3265 54