Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The decision to prescribe antibiotics post-tonsillectomy still remains controversial. However, recent changing trends in the tonsillar tissue microflora have been widely reported, with Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobic organisms all being implicated. All of the above are beta-lactamase producers and thus render lactamase prone antibiotics inactive. We compared two groups of children, one on Amoxycillin and clavulanic acid (a lactamase stable antibiotic with anaerobic cover) for 1 week post tonsillectomy--Group A (N = 44), and another group on no treatment--Group B (N = 34). We compared tonsillar core, surface and postoperative tonsillar fossae bacteriological profiles in the two groups. The tonsil core pathogens included H. influenzae (64%) of which 9.5% were beta-lactamase producers, Streptococcus viridans (55.9%), S. aureus (37%) of which 86% were beta-lactamase producers, and anaerobes which were found in 25% of samples. We found that there was considerably less morbidity in those children receiving postoperative antibiotics compared to those who did not, as judged by the amount of analgesia consumed (p = 0.379), time to resumption of normal diet (p = 0.0072) and pain analogue scores (p = 0.0006). We feel that treating children who have undergone tonsillectomy with amoxycillin and clavulanic acid significantly reduces postoperative morbidity.
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PMID:Antibiotic prophylaxis post-tonsillectomy: is it of benefit? 1059 82

Acute otitis media is diagnosed in patients with acute onset, presence of middle ear effusion, physical evidence of middle ear inflammation, and symptoms such as pain, irritability, or fever. Acute otitis media is usually a complication of eustachian tube dysfunction that occurs during a viral upper respiratory tract infection. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the most common organisms isolated from middle ear fluid. Management of acute otitis media should begin with adequate analgesia. Antibiotic therapy can be deferred in children two years or older with mild symptoms. High-dose amoxicillin (80 to 90 mg per kg per day) is the antibiotic of choice for treating acute otitis media in patients who are not allergic to penicillin. Children with persistent symptoms despite 48 to 72 hours of antibiotic therapy should be reexamined, and a second-line agent, such as amoxicillin/clavulanate, should be used if appropriate. Otitis media with effusion is defined as middle ear effusion in the absence of acute symptoms. Antibiotics, decongestants, or nasal steroids do not hasten the clearance of middle ear fluid and are not recommended. Children with evidence of anatomic damage, hearing loss, or language delay should be referred to an otolaryngologist.
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PMID:Otitis media: diagnosis and treatment. 2413 83