Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infant rats infected with influenza A virus, Sendai (parainfluenza 1) virus or rat coronavirus were used to determine whether viral infection increases the intensity of nasal colonization with Haemophilus influenzae type b (HIB). Intranasal inoculation of HIB in rats previously infected with each of these viruses resulted in nasal HIB titers at least 100-fold higher than those for controls during the first 2 wk after HIB inoculation, and as much as 10,000-fold higher during the first week. Children with cough, sneezing, or rhinorrhea could be effective disseminators of HIB if they were as heavily and persistently colonized as these virus-infected animals.
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PMID:Viral enhancement of nasal colonization with Haemophilus influenzae type b in the infant rat. 630 51

The efficacy of the antimicrobial drug norfloxacin for treating infectious coryza was examined in 26-week-old male broiler breeders. Chickens were inoculated in the infraorbital sinus with the causal organism, Haemophilus paragallinarum. Four experimental groups were set up: control uninfected chickens, infected untreated chickens, and infected chickens treated for 5 days with either 20 mg norfloxacin/kg body weight or 40 mg norfloxacin/kg body weight. The first clinical signs were seen 24 hr postinfection. Of the observed clinical signs, sinus edema was ameliorated by the treatment, and the percentage of birds presenting sinus edema, sneezing, and increased lacrimation was significantly reduced after treatment. Clinical signs disappeared rapidly and were gone by the second day of treatment. The other signs disappeared gradually over 2 weeks after treatment began. There were no significant differences between the two dosage levels. H. paragallinarum was not reisolated from the infected infraorbital sinuses of birds treated with the higher dose of the drug, whereas the reisolation rate was 17% from those treated with the lower dose and 86% from the infected untreated birds.
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PMID:Efficacy of norfloxacin nicotinate treatment of broiler breeders against Haemophilus paragallinarum. 825 57

Ten gram-negative, pleomorphic, rod-shaped isolates from coryza-like, respiratory diseased laying and broiler chickens were identified as Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. All O. rhinotracheale isolates showed typical biochemical and enzymatic characteristics. Also, all isolates showed hemagglutinating activity with glutaraldehyde-fixed erythrocytes. On the basis of this property, a rabbit-raised antiserum was produced for an isolate. All isolates were identified by antiserum by hemagglutination-inhibition tests. No cross-reactions were observed when O. rhinotracheale isolates were tested with Haemophilus paragallinarum antisera, and vice versa. Mild respiratory signs, including mild nasal discharge, slight rales, and sneezing, were observed in challenged chickens. At postmortem examination, multifocal pneumonia, airsacculitis, and foamy exudate in abdominal cavity were observed. Furthermore, because bacterial adherence is regarded as an essential step in the infection process, in vitro adherence of O. rhinotracheale isolates to chicken tracheal epithelial cells was tested. All isolates showed positive adherence. Obtained results indicate that O. rhinotracheale is a pathogenic agent present in the Mexican poultry.
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PMID:Identification and characterization of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale isolates from Mexico. 1224 33

Haemophilus influenzae is a human-specific pathogen and a major source of morbidity worldwide. Infection with this organism begins with colonization of the nasopharynx, a process that probably depends on adherence to respiratory epithelium. The Hia autotransporter protein is the major adhesin ex-pressed by a subset of non-typeable H. influenzae strains and promotes high-level adherence to a variety of human epithelial cell lines. In the current study, we discovered that the Hia passenger domain contains two distinct binding pockets, including one at the C-terminal end and a second at the N-terminal end. Competition assays revealed that the two binding pockets interact with the same host cell receptor structure, although with differing affinities. Additional experiments demonstrated that both binding domains are required for full-level bacterial adherence. These observations are reminiscent of eukaryotic cell adhesion molecules and highlight the first example of a bacterial adhesin with two domains that participate in a bivalent interaction with identical host cell receptors. Such an interaction increases avidity, thus stabilizing bacterial adherence to the epithelial surface, despite physical forces such as coughing, sneezing and mucociliary clearance.
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PMID:The Haemophilus influenzae Hia autotransporter harbours two adhesive pockets that reside in the passenger domain and recognize the same host cell receptor. 1241 Aug 30