Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nine cases of acute epiglottitis in adults, seen over a period of ten years, are presented. The presence of severe pain and dysphagia as universal presenting features are stressed, and the frequent absence of pharyngeal injection is noted. We found that the disease in adults differs from that in children in that pain and dysphagia are more marked, that stridor is a less prominent feature, and that Haemophilus influenzae appears not to be the sole causative organism.
 ...
PMID:Acute epiglottitis in adults. 85 52

A 47-year-old uncontrolled diabetic presented with proptosis, pain, immobility of the globe, and a perforated corneal ulcer. The clinical impression of mucormycosis was erroneous. Hemophilus aegyptius was grown from the orbit, the vitreous and oropharynx. This is believed to be the first report of panophthalmitis due to this organism.
 ...
PMID:Hemophilus orbital cellulitis and panophthalmitis simulating mucormycosis. 91 Nov 15

Cefuroxime is a new broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic for administration by injection. It is stable to most beta-lactamases. It is active against gram-positive organisms, including penicillinase-producing staphylococci, and has wide activity against gram-negative bacilli including Enterobacter and many strains of indole-positive Proteus spp. The substance is also highly active against Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Studies on human volunteers showed that it produced high, long-lasting blood levels with virtually complete recovery of unchanged antibiotic in the urine. No evidence of toxicity due to cefuroxime was found. Slight, short-lived pain followed intramuscular injection, and the compound was well tolerated intravenously.
 ...
PMID:Cefuroxime - a new cephalosporin antibiotic. 93 92

Cephazolin, a semi-synthetic cephalosporin for parenteral use, was evaluated in 39 elderly hospital patients. Thirty-three of these patients were seriously ill at the start of treatment, suffering from pulmonary infections. In the other six patients, the drug was used post-operatively as a prophylactic, and it was effective in all cases in preventing any subsequent infection. Cephazolin was very effective in the treatment of 27 of the severely ill patients; the primary pathogen was eradicated and there was good clinical improvement. In two patients the primary pathogens were resistant to cephazolin, and the antibiotic therapy was changed after sensitivities were known. Of four patients with Haemophilus influenzae infection, clinical cure was obtained in two. Cephazolin therapy was discontinued in one woman because she developed a rash. However, there were no major toxic effects of therapy in terms of hepatic, renal or haematological function. No patient complained of pain when the intramuscular therapy was given. A dose of 1 g IM twice daily was shown to produce consistently high serum concentrations. Thus, in the elderly, the advantages of cephazolin are its lack of nephrotoxicity even when diuretic therapy is being administered concurrently, its lack of pain on intramuscular injection, and its sustained concentrations in the blood and urine so that it only requires to be given twice daily. In vitro studies showed that cephazolin is more active than cephaloridine against hospital pathogens.
 ...
PMID:Cephazolin treatment of pneumonia in the elderly. 97 93

Most children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis have no preceding illness. Their early symptoms are pain and fever. A bacterial etiology is established in approximately 75% of cases by needle aspiration of the affected site or blood culture. Clinical trials should be limited to cases of bacterial origin. The antimicrobial agents studied should be active against Staphylococcus aureus and streptococci. If children < 5 years of age are included, the drug should also be active against beta-lactamase-negative and -positive strains of Haemophilus influenzae. Randomized, prospective, double-blind comparative studies are preferable to open, evaluator-blinded trials. Clinical outcome is appraised by physical signs and symptoms. A successful microbiological outcome consists of presumptive eradication. The final assessment should be made 1 year after completion of therapy.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of new anti-infective drugs for the treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Food and Drug Administration. 147 24

The major clinical problem in considering a diagnosis of sinusitis is differentiating uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection from a secondary bacterial infection of the paranasal sinuses that may benefit from antimicrobial therapy. A diagnosis of sinusitis is suggested by presentation with protracted upper respiratory tract symptoms or a cold that is more severe than usual with fever and purulent nasal discharge. Confirmatory tests of sinus disease are transillumination (useful in adolescents if interpretation is confined to the extremes--normal or absent); radiographic findings of opacification, mucous membrane thickening, or an air-fluid level; and sinus aspiration (indicated for severe pain, clinical failures, or complicated disease). When clinical signs and symptoms are accompanied by abnormal radiographic findings, bacteria in high colony count are recovered from the maxillary sinus aspirate in 70% of patients. The common bacterial species recovered from children with acute maxillary sinusitis are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, and Hemophilus influenzae.
 ...
PMID:Sinusitis in infants and children. 172 98

The clinical manifestations of acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion are the result of abnormal eustachian tube function most often caused by inflammation from infection or allergy. The majority of cases involve bacterial infection of the middle ear caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, or Branhamella catarrhalis. Nearly half of all children will have had at least one episode of acute otitis media by 1 year of age, and over 70% by 3 years of age. The signs and symptoms include pain with rubbing or tugging at the ear, fever, irritability, lethargy, and hearing loss. The primary therapy for acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion is antibiotics with the goal of preventing possible complications and providing symptomatic relief. Amoxicillin remains the initial drug of choice in communities where beta-lactamase-producing strains of the common middle ear pathogens are infrequently isolated. If resistant organisms are prevalent, cefaclor, amoxicillin-clavulanate, or cotrimoxazole should be selected. Adjuvant agents such as decongestants have not been shown to provide additional therapeutic benefit. Children who develop chronic otitis media may require prophylactic antibiotic therapy and insertion of typanostomy tubes.
 ...
PMID:Pharmacotherapy of otitis media. 186 12

Bacteriological and clinical studies on cefodizime (CDZM, THR-221), a new cephem developed by Hoechst AG and Roussel Uclaf, were carried out and the results are summarized below: 1. Against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae, antibacterial activities of CDZM were similar to those of cefotaxime (CTX), cefazolin, cefotiam and piperacillin. Against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia sp., antibacterial activities of CDZM were similar to that of CTX, and superior to those of other tested antibiotics. Especially against Haemophilus influenzae and Branhamella catarrhalis, it showed an excellent antibacterial activity. 2. Although the clinical efficacy was poor in 1 patient with sepsis caused by Salmonella marcescens and in another with cervical lymphadenitis, in 5 patients with upper respiratory tract infection, 4 patients with bronchitis, 6 patients with bronchopneumonia, 18 patients with pneumonia, 5 patients with urinary tract infection and 1 patient with enteritis, the clinical efficacy was excellent or good and the efficacy rate was 95.1% (39/41) including excellent efficacies in 25 cases. 3. Bacteriologically, all identified causative bacteria were eradicated except for 1 case of Salmonella sp., thus the eradication rate was 97.4% (38/39). Especially S. pneumoniae in 10 cases, H. influenzae in 12 cases and B. catarrhalis in 3 cases were eradicated totally. 4. Adverse reactions were studied in 46 cases, and digestive symptoms were observed in 9 cases (diarrhea 5 cases, loose stools 4 cases). Eruption and vascular pain were observed in 1 case each. As digestive symptoms in 9 cases were mild, the treatment were not suspended. In laboratory test values, elevation of GOT, elevation of GPT, elevation of bilirubin, and eosinophilia were observed in 1 case each. Influences on blood coagulation parameters were studied. No change was observed between the beginning and the end of the treatment. From above results, we have concluded that CDZM is a useful and safe antibiotic in pediatrics, administered at a daily dose of 20 mg/kg divided into 3 or 4 doses and administered intravenously.
 ...
PMID:[Bacteriological and clinical studies of cefodizime in pediatrics]. 188 Sep 19

Bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefpirome (CPR, HR 810), a new cephem antibiotic, were carried out in the field of pediatrics. The results obtained are summarized below. 1. Antibacterial activities of CPR against clinically isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae were superior to those of ceftazidime. 2. Plasma concentrations and urinary excretion rates after intravenous bolus injection of CPR at doses of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg for 5 minutes in 2 cases each were determined. Mean peak plasma concentrations of CPR at these dose levels were 33.9, 62.9 and 96.0 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes with plasma half-lives of 1.58, 1.69, and 2.13 hours, respectively. Mean cumulative urinary excretion rates in the first 8 hours after administration were 51.2, 78.0 and 74.9%, respectively. 3. Ten patients with bacterial infections (pneumonia 5 cases, urinary tract infection 5 cases) were treated with CPR at a daily dose of 16-79 mg/kg/day. The overall clinical efficacy and bacteriological eradication rates were both 100%. 4. No adverse reactions were observed except in 1 case of mild pain in blood vessels. Abnormal laboratory test results were also mild, slight elevation of GOT, GPT and thrombocytosis in 1 case and eosinophilia in 1 case.
 ...
PMID:[Bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of cefpirome in the field of pediatrics]. 188 Sep 22

The diagnosis of erysipelas is usually made clinically. Features that help distinguish erysipelas are acute onset, erythema, warmth, edema, pain, fever, and isolated regional involvement with clearly demarcated margins. High ASO titers and response to penicillin therapy are reassuring. Simple uncomplicated erysipelas or cellulitis in adults can usually be treated on an outpatient basis. Extensive facial involvement with fever and a toxic appearance warrants hospitalization. Facial cellulitis or erysipelas in children, unless quite limited, requires hospitalization because of the high risk of Hemophilus influenzae infection and sepsis. Hospitalized patients should show visible signs of resolution and be afebrile for at least 24 hours prior to discharge. They should be maintained on oral antibiotic therapy at home for an additional 7 to 10 days.
 ...
PMID:Facial erysipelas: report of a case and review of the literature. 189 May 24


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>