Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 61-year-old man who presented with clinical features suggestive of septic arthritis was found to have acute septic polyarthritis due to Haemophilus influenzae (type b). The clinical and laboratory diagnoses of the case are presented, and the isolates of H. influenzae are characterized. Four isolates recovered from different sites had identical minimal inhibitory drug concentrations, outer membrane protein patterns, and genomic DNA restriction digests. These observations indicate that the disseminated infection arose from a single source. The patient developed antibody to several outer membrane proteins, particularly the P6 protein.
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PMID:Haemophilus influenzae polyarthritis in an adult: an analysis of serotype b strains. 201 33

Haemophilus influenzae is the aetiological agent in less than 1% of septic arthritis cases in adults and most often serotype b is involved. We report here a case of severe systemic infection due to non-encapsulated H. influenzae biotype III in a 40-year-old man, previously healthy although alcohol abuser. Cholangitis and acute alcoholic hepatitis were diagnosed simultaneously. The organism was grown from blood and from synovial fluid of the left knee, but several other joints were also affected. The close relationship between H. influenzae biotype III and H. aegyptius is mentioned in view of recent reports of fatal childhood illness caused by a special clone of H. aegyptius and the importance of reporting both serotype and biotype in severe H. influenzae induced disease is emphasized.
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PMID:Serious systemic infection caused by non-encapsulated Haemophilus influenzae biotype III in an adult. 202 24

Haemophilus influenzae type b is responsible for an estimated 15,000 to 20,000 cases of meningitis per year in the United States, mainly in children 2 months to 5 years old. The mortality rate from meningitis due to H influenzae type b infections ranges from 5% to 10%. Despite antibiotic treatment, up to 35% of survivors have permanent neurologic sequelae. In addition to meningitis, H. influenzae type b is responsible for other invasive infections, including epiglottitis, septicemia, cellulitis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, pericarditis, and otitis media; approximately 30,000 cases H influenzae diseases occur annually in the United States. The diseases peak in incidence between 6 and 12 months of age, with almost one half of the cases occurring before 1 year of age. About 75% of disease caused by H influenzae type b occurs in children younger than 24 months old. The incidence of disease is higher in children of certain groups, including blacks, Hispanics, Eskimos and Native Americans, young children attending day-care facilities, patients with asplenia or antibody-deficiency syndromes, and children of lower socioeconomic status. There is considerable evidence that antibody to the capsular polysaccharide (polyribosylribitol-phosphate [PRP] of H influenzae type b is protective.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Immunogenicity of a new Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (meningococcal protein conjugate) (PedvaxHIB). 210 17

We devised an in vitro model to examine the effects of Conray 60 contrast dye on microorganisms commonly found in septic arthritis. Using 42 culture plates in aerobic and anaerobic environments, we found no adverse effect on bacterial growth using 30, 7.5, 3.75, and 1.875% concentrations of Conray 60 contrast dye on cultures of Staphylococcus aureus, Hemophilus influenza, and Streptococcus pneumonia.
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PMID:The effects of contrast dye on bacterial growth: an in vitro model. 217 13

At all ages, Staphylococcus aureus is the most common microorganism responsible for septic arthritis, but in children below five years of age Haemophilus influenzae is frequently found. In about 1/3 of the cases cultures are negative, primarily because of initiation of antibiotic therapy prior to sampling. A distended joint should be treated as infection until otherwise proved. Today repeated aspirations of the infected joint are recommended as initial treatment, if possible with additional joint lavage, together with systemic antibiotic therapy. In case with no clinical response within 2-4 days, surgical debridement of the joint with synovectomy is of utmost importance. Exercises without weight-bearing are initiated at an early stage and weight-bearing avoided for six weeks.
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PMID:[Purulent arthritis]. 220 60

Four of the 139 children with hemophilia followed up at our center have developed septic arthritis during the past 6 years (2.9% incidence). Two infections were caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and one each by Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae type B. Common features at time of presentation included fever and a 2- to 7-day history of joint pain and swelling unresponsive to factor replacement infusions. Since three of the patients were human immunodeficiency virus seropositive, we propose that human immunodeficiency virus infection may be responsible for the disproportionately high number of cases of septic arthritis observed in our patient population.
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PMID:Septic arthritis in children with hemophilia. 267 45

We found that 41 of 75 (55%) children with Haemophilus influenzae type b disease (70 cases of meningitis, 2 of cellulitis, 2 of septic arthritis, and 1 of epiglottitis) and 2 of 120 (1.7%) children with upper respiratory infection were colonized with H. influenzae type b in the nasopharynx (NP). Of these 43 NP strains from children with systemic H. influenzae type b disease, 7 (16%) adhered to human buccal epithelial cells. The strains isolated from the systemic site of all children, including children from whose NP adherent bacteria were isolated, did not adhere to buccal epithelial cells in vitro. Each adherent NP strain had biotype (I), serotype (b), and antibiotic susceptibility (sensitive) similar to that of the corresponding nonadherent systemic isolate. With one exception, all NP-systemic pairs had similar major outer membrane proteins. Six of the seven NP strains had a protein band in the whole cell lysate preparation with a molecular weight between 22,000 and 23,000, which could not be seen in the nonadherent cerebrospinal fluid strains. Electron micrographs of all adherent strains showed that more than 95% of the organisms examined were highly piliated, whereas the nonadherent strains were not piliated. All piliated strains agglutinated human erythrocytes. Adherence to buccal epithelial cells and agglutination of erythrocytes could not be blocked by mannose or alpha-methyl-D-mannoside. We speculate that piliation is not important for NP colonization by H. influenzae type b and that the loss of pili may be required for host invasion.
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PMID:Frequency and properties of naturally occurring adherent piliated strains of Haemophilus influenzae type b. 286 Nov 64

We report a 5-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency who was asymptomatic during the first years of life. At 3 years of age, she developed chronic and recurrent sinopulmonary infections, and at 4 1/2 years of age she had one major infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae (bacteremia and septic arthritis of the hip). Immunologic evaluation at 5 years of age revealed persistent lymphopenia, decreased helper-suppressor T cell ratios, and low proliferative responses to mitogens. The IgG, IgM, and IgA levels were normal; the IgG2 level was low normal or below normal. The patient had specific antibodies against toxoids and viral antigens but failed to produce antibodies against Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal polysaccharides. Although no symptoms of allergy were present, she had persistent eosinophilia and elevated IgE levels. The patient had 0.6% of normal ADA activity in erythrocytes and approximately 1% of normal ADA activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Beginning at 6 years of age, she was treated with weekly injections of polyethylene glycol-modified bovine ADA. This treatment was well tolerated and effectively reversed the biochemical consequence of ADA deficiency. Concomitantly, she improved clinically and her T lymphocyte numbers and blastogenic responses to mitogens in vitro became normal. The late onset of clinical symptoms and relatively benign clinical course in this patient emphasize the need to consider ADA deficiency in a broad spectrum of immunodeficient children.
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PMID:Adenosine deaminase deficiency with late onset of recurrent infections: response to treatment with polyethylene glycol-modified adenosine deaminase. 326 Sep 44

The choice of treatment, the importance of chemoprophylaxis in household contacts and the potential impact of immunization with vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) currently under investigation are discussed on the basis of the patients hospitalized for invasive Hib infections at the University Children's Hospital Geneva from 1976 to 1985. Among 122 culture-proven infections due to Hib, there were 41% of cases of meningitis, 37.7% of epiglottitis, 9.8% of pneumonia, 5.7% of septicemia, 3.3% of cellulitis and 2.4% of septic arthritis. From 1981 to 1983, one strain of Hib produced beta-lactamase, but between 1984 and 1985, 5 strains (19.2%) produced beta-lactamase. Only one case of possible horizontal transmission of the infection was found in this 10-year period. We conclude that 1. the appearance of beta-lactamase producing strains of Hib requires that treatment be initiated with an antimicrobial agent resistant to beta-lactamase when a Hib infection is suspected; 2. in our region, only one case of an invasive Hib infection could theoretically have been prevented by chemoprophylaxis; and 3. the calculated theoretical impact of vaccination with the new types of vaccines against Hib could have prevented 106 of 122 cases of invasive Hib infections.
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PMID:[Systemic infections due to type b Haemophilus influenzae. A retrospective study of 114 cases]. 326 4

Bacterial arthritis is a serious infection in children occurring either as the result of direct inoculation of organisms into the joint space, of spreading from a contiguous focus of infection, or of hematogenous seeding of the synovium. Although the etiologic agent can be identified in 60% to 70% of cases, joint fluid cultures may remain negative in a substantial number of patients. The most likely etiologic agent depends both on the route of infection and the age of the child. Overall Staphylococcus aureus, Hemophilus influenzae type b and streptococci are the leading causes of bacterial arthritis. Lancefield groups A, B, C, D, and G have all been implicated. However, septic arthritis due to hematogenous seeding with Group F Streptococcus has not been previously reported. A normal 10-month-old boy presented with acute monoarticular arthritis of the knee and had Group F Streptococcus isolated from the blood. Antimicrobial therapy resulted in complete resolution of the arthritis.
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PMID:Group F Streptococcus. An unusual cause of arthritis. 334 78


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