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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rhinosinusitis is a common inflammatory bacterial infection of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. Viral infection is often the inciting event. The ensuing inflammation obstructs the narrow ostiomeatal complex, causing facial pain and pressure, nasal obstruction, congestion, postnasal drainage, and mucopurulence. The exacerbation of symptoms after 5 to 7 days or their persistence for more than 10 days indicates acute rhinosinusitis. Acute infection lasts less than 4 weeks and resolves completely with therapy. Chronic rhinosinusitis is defined as the persistence of symptoms beyond 12 weeks. Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae are the primary respiratory tract pathogens involved in both acute and chronic rhinosinusitis. Management is aimed at controlling the infection and decreasing inflammation. The emergence of bacterial resistance can be avoided by the appropriate use of antibiotics. Antibiotic selection is usually empirical, except when culture is possible, and is directed by the common pathogens and their resistance patterns in a given community. Adjunctive therapies can be beneficial in relieving symptoms.
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PMID:Rhinosinusitis. An overview of current management measures in acute and chronic infection. 1966 47

Epiglottitis is most commonly caused by bacterial infection resulting in inflammation and edema of the epiglottis and neighboring supraglottic structures. Acute infection was once found predominantly in children ages 2 to 6 years old, but with the introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae B (HiB) vaccine the incidence of cases in adults is increasing. Typical clinical presentation of epiglottitis includes fever and sore throat. Evidence of impending airway obstruction may be demonstrated by muffled voice, drooling, tripod position, and stridor. Radiographs can be helpful in diagnosing epiglottitis; however, they should not supersede or postpone securing the airway. An airway specialist such as an otolaryngologist, anesthesiologist, or intensivist should ideally evaluate the patient immediately to give ample time for preparing to secure the airway if necessary. All patients with epiglottitis should be admitted to the intensive care unit for close monitoring.
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PMID:Medical Management of Epiglottitis. 3263 76