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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred bovine female reproductive tracts were examined for the presence of Hemophilus somnus, and fifty were examined for gross and microscopic lesions. H. somnus was isolated from eight of 100 tracts. The isolation was made from the vagina in seven cows. Of 24 tracts in which the major vestibular gland was sampled, three were positive at this site, and two of these three also had the organism isolated from the vagina. Further investigations into the role of the major vestibular gland as a source for continuing infections of the reproductive tract of cattle were indicated. In this investigation, H. somnus was as likely to be found in a region without lesions as one with lesions.
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PMID:Hemophilus somnus in the reproductive tracts of slaughtered cows: location and frequency of isolations and lesions. 663 61

Different tests for the identification of Gardnerella (Haemophilus) vaginalis and for its differentiation from catalase-negative unclassified coryneforms from the vagina were evaluated on over 200 bacterial strains, with special emphasis on optimal test conditions. A presumptive identification of G. vaginalis in the clinical laboratory can be made on the basis of colonial morphology, clear beta-hemolysis with diffuse edges on human blood bilayer-Tween agar, a negative catalase test, and typical cell morphology in the Gram stain. This procedure will correctly identify 90 to 98% of suspect colonies of G. vaginalis with human blood bilayer-Tween agar as primary isolation medium. Useful additional reactions for the confirmation of G. vaginalis include positive hippurate and starch hydrolysis, positive alpha-glucosidase but negative beta-glucosidase tests, the production of acid from glucose and maltose but not from mannitol, and susceptibility to disks containing metronidazole, nitrofurantoin, sulfonamides, and bile.
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PMID:Identification of Gardnerella (Haemophilus) vaginalis. 682 Dec 5

This study examines the prevalence of H vaginalis, with and without other infections, in healthy women attending a family planning clinic. Vaginal specimens were obtained at 902 attendances from 522 women requiring vaginal examination at a family planning clinic. Culture methods used were similar to those devised by Dunkelberg with some modification. Patients were followed up after a year, and clinical examination was repeated in 380 women. Haemophilus vaginalis was found in 8% of specimens either by culture or by at least two out of three microscopic tests; lactobacilli were seldom found in the presence of the organism. Increased signs and symptoms, especially an offensive odor, were found only when H vaginalis and staphylococci were isolated together. The organism was found less often in patients using contraceptive methods which protected the vagina, thus suggesting sexual transmission. Treatment is advisable when H vaginalis is in contact with a vascular bed.
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PMID:Haemophilus vaginalis (Corynebacterium vaginale, Gardnerella vaginalis) in a family planning clinic population. 697 Jun 5

Fifty-five strains received as Haemophilus vaginalis or as catalase-negative coryneform bacteria from the vagina together with 61 marker cultures were subjected to numerical phenetic analyses using 149 unit characters. The data were examined using the simple matching (SSM), Jaccard (SJ) and pattern (DP) coefficients and clustering was achieved using the average linkage algorithm. Cluster composition was not markedly affected by the coefficient used or by test error, estimated at 6 . 5%. The H. vaginalis strains formed a tight cluster which was only distantly related to representatives of the genera arthrobacter, Cellulomonas, Corynebacterium sensu stricto, Erysipelothrix, Haemophilus, Kurthia, Lactobacillus, Listeria and Propionibacterium but shared a high overall affinity to unclassified catalase-negative coryneforms which formed a discrete taxon, cluster 9. The H. vaginalis strains could be distinguished from the related strains in cluster 9 by several unrelated phenotypic characters. Using the S1 endonuclease assay, DNA-DNA hybridizations were performed with representative strains from the numerical as well as with reference strains of Bifidobacterium and Actinomyces. Haemophilus vaginalis was found to be a genotypically legitimate group and its DNA showed little homology with DNA from the marker strains tested. The DNA base composition of H. vaginalis was 42 to 44 mol % guanine plus cytosine. A new genus should be created to incorporate strains known as H. vaginalis or Corynebacterium vaginale. The name Gardnerella vaginalis proposed by Greenwood & Pickett (1979) is supported.
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PMID:A taxonomic study of Gardnerella vaginalis (Haemophilus vaginalis) Gardner and Dukes 1955. 697 16

The physiology and flora of the normal vagina and the more common causes and associated treatments of vaginitis are reviewed. Vaginitis encompasses a group of diseases causing inflammatory changes in the vagina and vulva. Treatment of the various vaginitides requires accurate diagnosis, which is hampered by difficulties in culturing pathogens and in resolving the pathogenicity of various organisms. The ability of the body to withstand vaginitis is affected by physiologic changes within the vagina. The vaginitides and associated treatments reviewed include candidiasis and trichomoniasis; Hemophilus vaginalis and other bacterial vaginitis; and Herpes hominis, chlamydial, and atropic vaginitis.
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PMID:Treatment of vaginitis. 699 78

Samples for microbiological culture were collected from the uterus of bitches using transcervical uterine cannulation (31 samples, 23 bitches) and from the uterus, cervix and vagina post mortem (19 bitches) at all stages of the reproductive cycle. Samples were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and for aerobic mycoplasmas. Bacteria were always found in the uterus during pro-oestrus and oestrus (12 positive in 12 cultures) and rarely at other stages of the reproductive cycle: during anoestrus (one in 14) and other stages (none in 24). When microorganisms were detected at three sites post mortem, those found in the cervix and vagina were always of the same species as those found in the uterus. In six out of 13 instances, microorganisms were found in the cervix or vagina when none were found in the uterus. The mean number of isolates, number of bacteria seen in uterine cytology and bacterial growth were greater (P < 0.005) during oestrus and pro-oestrus than at other stages. Bacteria isolated from the uterus, in order of frequency, were Escherichia coli, Haemophilus species, alpha-haemolytic streptococci, Corynebacterium species, Streptococcus canis, Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacteroides species, Pasteurella species and Proteus mirabilis. No mycoplasmas were cultured from the samples. This study indicates that the uterus of the normal bitch has a uterine microflora during pro-oestrus and oestrus that is similar to that of the vagina and cervix.
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PMID:Uterine, cervical and vaginal microflora of the normal bitch throughout the reproductive cycle. 865 93

A prospective study was undertaken to compare the enbdometrial and vaginal bacteria of a continuous series of 283 patients who had IUDs removed between June 1, 1979 and June 1, 1983, by the same clinician. Measures were taken to avoid contamination of the IUD upon removal by the vaginal bacteria, but as a practical matter it was impossible to avoid all contact. The IUDs involved were Multiload copper 250 or 375, Gyne T and T 200, Nova T, and Dimelys. The number of positive cultures from the IUD and the vagina respectively were 1 and 3 of Trichomonas, 82 and 142 Doederlein, 17 and 47 Candida, 131 and 141 white Staphylococcus, 77 an 71 enterococci, 97 and 132 Coli bacilli, 41 abd 54 Lancedfield streptococci, 15 and 58 Hemophilus vaginalis, 13 and 24 Proteus, 1 and 1 Veillonella alcalescens, 3 and 11 Vibrions, 2 and 3 staphylococci dores, 1 and 2 Klebsiella, 1 and 1 Clostridium, 9 and 6 Peptostreptococcus putridus, 1 and 1 Peptococcus prevoti, 6 and 6 Bacteroides fragilis, 2 and 2 Peptococcus intermedius, 0 and 1 Peptococcus aerogenes, and 1 and 1 Citobacter diverous. In almost all cases the concentrartion of bacteria was much greater in the vagina. The rarity of sterile IUDs was not surprising considering the method or removal and the almost inevitable contact with the vagina. The number of organisms declined significantly with parity, but when non-pathogenic bacteria were excluded, the number of sterile IUDs was greatest among nulliparas and primaparas. The Nova T and Dimelys had less contamination by all types of organisms than did the Gravigarde, Multiload copper, or Gyne T. The greatly reduced quantity of bacteria in the uterine cavity relative to the vagina indicates that the cervix is still an effective filter even when it is traversed by the IUD thread.
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PMID:[A comparative study of the various organisms causing salpingitis and their potential presence in IUD wearers]. 1233 72

In prepubertal girls with vaginal discharge, consideration of the etiology must be given to respiratory pathogens (Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis), enteric pathogens (Escherichia coli, Shigella, and Yersinia), poor hygiene, foreign body, nonabsorbent undergarments, irritants, vulvar skin disease, anatomic abnormalities (double vagina with fistula, pelvic abscess, and ectopic ureter), and sexual abuse. Prepubertal girls, outside the newborn period, with suspected gonococcal infection should be strongly considered to be victims of sexual abuse, once congenital and other newborn acquired forms of gonorrhea are excluded. We present a case of a three-year-old female with vaginal discharge and fever with a clouded social history, disproportionate distress on physical exam, and initial laboratory gram stain suggestive of gonococcus.
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PMID:Vaginal discharge due to undiagnosed bilateral duplicated collecting system with ectopic ureters in a three-year-old female: an initial high index of suspicion for sexual abuse. 1245 27

Histophilus somni (former name: Haemophilus somnus) is a Gram-negative, facultative pathogen bacterium that colonises the mucous membranes of cattle and sheep, however it was also described in American bison and bighorn sheep. It can cause local or generalised diseases and asymptomatic carriers can also occur. The presence and the etiological role of this microorganism have not been confirmed in any other domesticated species yet. The purpose of this study was to prove the presence of H. somni in goats by bacterial isolation. Nasal, vaginal or praeputial swab samples were collected from 205 goats in 10 flocks. H. somni strains were isolated from 2 out of 10 flocks; in one flock 10 H. somni strains were isolated from the genital mucosa of 17 goats, while a single H. somni strain was cultured from a vagina of 26 animals in the other flock. Partial amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of three H. somni strains verified the identification. The comparative examination of carbon source metabolism using the Biolog Microstation ID System (Biolog, Ca) showed a close relationship of the caprine strains, while they were less related to H. somni type strain CCUG-36157 of bovine origin. H. somni strains were isolated only in the oestrus season from goat flocks with sheep contact. This is the first paper on isolation of H. somni from goats.
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PMID:First isolation of Histophilus somni from goats. 1877 60

Vulvovaginitis caused by upper respiratory flora is generally considered to be the most common gynecological problem in prepubertal girls. To date, however, no direct evidence has been obtained for the underlying mechanism of transmission. This report describes a case of non-capsulate Haemophilus influenzae vulvovaginitis in a 6-year-old girl with a history of foreign bodies (cotton wool) in her vagina. Moreover, this girl had recurrent rhinitis for approximately 3 years. On Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis the H. influenzae strain isolated from vaginal secretions and the H. influenzae strain isolated from nasal secretions were derived from the same clone. The patient was successfully treated with appropriate antibiotics. The present case might provide the first direct evidence of the nose-hand-vagina method of transmission.
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PMID:Haemophilus influenzae vulvovaginitis associated with rhinitis caused by the same clone in a prepubertal girl. 2862 Oct 44


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