Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fluorinated inhibitors of gyrase open a new field in chemotherapy. For veterinary purposes one drug, enrofloxacin (Baytril), has been registered hitherto in Germany. Well known disadvantages of the old gyrase blockers (e.g. nalidixic acid and others) have been their limited clinical application (compounds were useful only for therapy of infections of kidney cavities) and their deficits in antimicrobial efficacy regarding Gram-positive bacteria, pseudomonas and mycoplasmas. Fluorinated 4-quinolones, however, exhibit broad antibiotic effects in addition to their useful pharmacokinetic properties. The compounds are indicated in therapy of infections by E. coli, Salmonella, Pasteurella, Mycoplasma and Haemophilus species as well as against CRD (chronic respiratory disease). Development of resistance is markedly slowed down compared with nalidixic acid due to a multi-step resistance. Resistance is unstable and may revert in bacteria. Nevertheless, resistant bacteria in the veterinary field are exceptions. Cross-resistance includes only compounds belonging to 4-quinolones. Adult animals show few side effects to gyrase blockers. In young animals a deficit in biotransformation and renal clearance has been observed. Most prominent are dose dependent irreparable deformations of joint cartilages which have forced to contraindicate the use of Baytril in growing dogs.
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PMID:[Gyrase inhibitors, a new class of therapeutic drugs]. 204 2

Studied were a total of sixteen cases with the clinical picture of coryza. Leading role in eleven of them had Haemophilus, in one the signs of chronical cholera and pox were seen, and in three there was a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. All cases were serologically positive for CRD. By their needs of nutrient growth factors the isolated Haemophilus strains belonged to H. paragallinarum, and they proved pathogenic for 8-week-old birds and poults that were about to lay their first eggs, killing 4-7-day-old chick embryos up to the 48 h hour. Tests for resistance to therapeutic means with the use of the disk-diffusion method revealed sensitivity to streptomycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, erythromycin, spectinomycin, furazolidon, imekil, cosumix, trimetoprim, and sulfadoxin. Good and very good therapeutic and prophylactic effects were produced with the use of sulfotin, cosumix, linkospectin, and trimedin coupled with aerosol disinfection with rivanol, the birds being present on the premise. It is stated that with regard to differential diagnosis coryza caused by Haemophilus paragallinarum should not be confused with fowl cholera, pox, CRD, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection which may run their course in a mixed infection.
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PMID:[Clinical cases of infectious coryza and the properties of isolated Haemophilus strains]. 650 56