Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Septic arthritis affects weight-bearing joints in three fourths of cases. When the disease occurs in infancy, joint dysfunction may not be apparent until many months later. We located 49 children who had had 50 episodes of septic arthritis from 1 1/2 to 12 years earlier (mean, 4.3 years). Thirteen patients (27%) had sequelae, and in eight (16%), there was impairment of ambulation. Residual damage was more common with hip and ankle involvement than with knee joint disease. Sequelae were equally common after Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus infection. Evaluation at the time of hosiptal discharge correctly identified only four of the 13 children with sequelae, and four others who were normal at follow-up had been thought to have permanent damage at discharge. Children with sequelae tended to have been sick longer before diagnosis, and drainage of pus was delayed.
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PMID:Residual effects of septic arthritis in infancy and childhood. 98 90

Oral new quinolone, norfloxacin (NFLX, AM-715), was evaluated for its safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics in children. 1. NFLX was effective in 88.0% of 25 cases infected with Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant strains, and other bacteria. 2. After single oral administration of 50 mg and 100 mg NFLX tablet at fasting, mean peak values of serum concentration were 0.35, 0.48 microgram/ml and T1/2 values were 2.2, 2.7 hours, respectively. 3. No adverse reactions suggestive for arthropathy were encountered with NFLX therapy with daily doses of 4.6-35.7 mg/kg (maximum 600 mg per day) and duration of 3 to 19 days. From these preliminary data, NFLX seems to have a place in the treatment of pediatric infectious diseases.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of norfloxacin in children]. 239 50

Primary immune deficiencies (PIDs) are characterized by functional and/or quantitative abnormalities of one or more immune system components. Several bone and joint abnormalities can occur in patients with PID, with arthritis being the most common. Joint manifestations, of which arthritis is the most common, occur chiefly in humoral PIDs (agammaglobulinemia, common variable immunodeficiency, hyper-IgM syndromes, and IgA deficiency) and occasionally in other PIDs (chronic granulomatous disease and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome). Monoarthritis or oligoarthritis is the usual pattern, although polyarthritis may occur, occasionally with nodules suggesting rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis in patients with PID is usually infectious in nature, the most common causative organism being Mycoplasma, followed by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Haemophilus. These bacteria can induce not only synovial infections, but also aseptic arthritogenic inflammatory responses. Arthritis having no demonstrable relation to chronic infection has been reported also and ascribed to dysimmunity-driven mechanisms that exhibit a number of specific features. Bone lesions are far less common and usually due to infections complicating humoral PID. Distinctive bone manifestations occur in a number of rare PIDs (e.g., hyper-IgE syndrome and Di George syndrome) and in syndromes characterized by spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia. Familiarity with PID syndromes both enhances the diagnostic capabilities of physicians and provides insight into the pathophysiology of bone and joint abnormalities associated with immune dysfunction. In children and occasionally in adults, a combination of bone and/or joint manifestations and hypogammaglobulinemia may indicate PID. When there is no evidence of lymphoproliferative disease, infection, or iatrogenic complications, investigations for PID should be obtained. PID-related arthritis is a unique model for studying the pathogenesis of presumably postinfectious arthritis and of inflammatory joint diseases including rheumatoid arthritis.
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PMID:Bone and joint disease associated with primary immune deficiencies. 1637 4

"Classical" Whipple's disease (cWD) is caused by Tropheryma whipplei and is characterized by arthropathy, weight loss, and diarrhea. T. whipplei infectious endocarditis (TWIE) is rarely reported, either in the context of cWD or as isolated TWIE without signs of systemic infection. The frequency of TWIE is unknown, and systematic studies are lacking. Here, we performed an observational cohort study on the incidence of T. whipplei infection in explanted heart valves in two German university centers. Cardiac valves from 1,135 patients were analyzed for bacterial infection using conventional culture techniques, PCR amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, and subsequent sequencing. T. whipplei-positive heart valves were confirmed by specific PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, histological examination, and culture for T. whipplei. Bacterial endocarditis was diagnosed in 255 patients, with streptococci, staphylococci, and enterococci being the main pathogens. T. whipplei was the fourth most frequent pathogen, found in 16 (6.3%) cases, and clearly outnumbered Bartonella quintana, Coxiella burnetii, and members of the HACEK group (Haemophilus species, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae). In this cohort, T. whipplei was the most commonly found pathogen associated with culture-negative infective endocarditis.
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PMID:High frequency of Tropheryma whipplei in culture-negative endocarditis. 2213 51