Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tympanocentesis was performed on 70 infants who had otitis media during the first six weeks of life. The bacteria isolated from their middle-ear effusions were Streptococcus pneumoniae (13 patients), Neisseria catarrhalis (11 patients), Hemophilus influenzae (ten patients), Enterobacteriaceae (four patients), Staphylococcus aureus (four patients), streptococci (groups A and B) (three patients), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (two patients). Thirty patients (42.9%) had middle-ear effusions which did not contain pathogenic bacteria. Twenty-seven infants were followed for at least 12 months and 12 (44.4%) of these infants had six or more episodes of otitis media during the observation period. Further studies will be needed to establish the significance of middle-ear disease at this age and the role of therapy in improving its outcome.
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PMID:Bacterial etiology of otitis media during the first six weeks of life. 2 35

This study compared nasopharyngeal sepsis with under-aeration ear disease. Nasopharyngeal sepsis was assessed by culture taken directly from the surface of removed adenoid tissue. 156 cases were studied; 100 showed varying degrees of middle-ear under-aeration and 56 had no active ear disease or history of it. In addition, an assessment of post-nasal obstruction was made and this too was compared with middle-ear status. The conclusions suggested that, whilst normal ears can exist in the presence of accepted nasal pathogens, diseased ears are rarely seen in the absence of nasal sepsis. The degree of post-nasal obstruction seemed irrelevant. The commonest nasopharyngeal pathogen was Haemophilus influenzae and when found alone this had a particularly detrimental affect on middle-ear aeration, causing a significant incidence of mucoid middle-ear effusion in this group.
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PMID:The nasopharynx and under-aeration of the middle-ear. 350 Sep 92

To determine the incidence of otitis media (OM) and the bacteriology of acute otitis media (AOM) in a clinic population of young children in Pittsburgh, 138 black infants and 60 white infants were followed from birth to 2 years of age, examined at monthly intervals and whenever an upper respiratory tract infection (URI) or OM intervened. By 24 months of age the cumulative incidence of episodes of AOM was 43% and 42%, and of episodes of middle-ear effusion (MEE) was 86% and 85% in black and white infants, respectively. The average rate of episodes of AOM was 0.41 and 0.39 and of episodes of MEE was 1.68 and 1.70 in black and white infants, respectively. Tympanocentesis was performed for episodes of AOM and the following organisms were isolated from black and white infants, respectively: Streptococcus pneumoniae 43% and 43% of episodes; Moraxella catarrhalis 24% and 24%; non-typable Haemophilus influenzae 18% and 24%; and Haemophilus influenzae type b 5% and 0%. In both black and white infants first born children had less ear disease. We found no difference in the incidence of otitis media during the first 2 years of life between black and white infants.
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PMID:Otitis media in a population of black American and white American infants, 0-2 years of age. 755 37

Adenoidectomy is frequently performed in children suffering from recurrent or chronic otitis media with effusion and is thought to produce a long-term effect in preventing further episodes of otitis media. Bacteriologic analysis of adenoids from 60 patients revealed a significantly elevated colonization rate of middle ear pathogens in children with a present or previous history of ear disease compared to children with adenoidal hypertrophy only. The predominant pathogen was nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Quantitative analysis did not demonstrate a bacterial overload in the otitis group. Lectin histochemical analysis of the adenoids revealed no significant differences between the three groups; nevertheless, colonization with S pneumoniae demonstrated an increased labeling pattern with succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, indicating the exposure of N-acetyl-glucosamine as part of its own receptor structure. On the basis of these results, we support the concept of adenoidectomy in order to remove a bacterial focus; however, we could not verify the hypothesis of bacterial overgrowth in the nasopharynx.
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PMID:Role of adenoids in the pathogenesis of otitis media: a bacteriologic and immunohistochemical analysis. 927 Apr 22

A descriptive study was made of infectious ear disease (including diffuse otitis externa, otomycosis, acute-on-chronic otitis media, and superinfection of a radical mastoidectomy cavity) in relation to changes of weather and habits in summer. During the months of June, July, and August 1996, 179 patients were evaluated in the emergency room of the Alicante General University Hospital, Spain. Average patient age at presentation was 30.52 (+/- 20.08) years and 56% were men. The most frequent disease was diffuse otitis externa (78%) followed by acute-on-chronic otitis media (12%), otomycosis (8%), and superinfection of a radical mastoidectomy cavity (2%). The most frequently involved microorganisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa in diffuse otitis externa, Aspergillus niger and Candida in otomycosis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus mirabilis, and Staphylococcus aureus in acute-on-chronic otitis media. Patients were treated by cleaning detritus and secretions, usually followed by topical antibiotics for a maximum period of one week.
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PMID:[Descriptive study of infectious ear disease in relation to summer]. 1079 27

Indigenous children have much higher rates of ear and lung disease than non-Indigenous children, which may be related to exposure to high levels of geogenic (earth-derived) particulate matter (PM). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between dust levels and health in Indigenous children in Western Australia (W.A.). Data were from a population-based sample of 1077 Indigenous children living in 66 remote communities of W.A. (>2,000,000 km2), with information on health outcomes derived from carer reports and hospitalisation records. Associations between dust levels and health outcomes were assessed by multivariate logistic regression in a multi-level framework. We assessed the effect of exposure to community sampled PM on epithelial cell (NuLi-1) responses to non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) in vitro. High dust levels were associated with increased odds of hospitalisation for upper (OR 1.77 95% CI [1.02-3.06]) and lower (OR 1.99 95% CI [1.08-3.68]) respiratory tract infections and ear disease (OR 3.06 95% CI [1.20-7.80]). Exposure to PM enhanced NTHi adhesion and invasion of epithelial cells and impaired IL-8 production. Exposure to geogenic PM may be contributing to the poor respiratory health of disadvantaged communities in arid environments where geogenic PM levels are high.
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PMID:The Contribution of Geogenic Particulate Matter to Lung Disease in Indigenous Children. 3134 7