Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ciliocytophthoria (ccp) in nasal or nasopharyngeal secretion from the patients with acute tonsillitis, acute rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis was studied. The ratio of the presence of ccp among acute tonsillitis, acute rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis was compared. Acute tonsillitis had a much more positive ccp test than other diseases. This might be related to the anatomical feature of palatine tonsil having a complicated hollow-crypt. The presence of Haemophilus influenzae was the most frequent in patients with positive ccp test. Further study will be necessary to determine possible relationship between viral infection and bacteria or endotoxin from bacteria.
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PMID:Ciliocytophthoria (ccp) in nasopharyngeal smear from patients with acute tonsillitis. 322 46

BRL 25000 granules containing 2 parts amoxicillin and 1 part potassium clavulanate were administered to children suffering from acute infections at a daily dose of 50 mg/kg in 3 or 4 divided doses for at least 3 days. Infections included acute airway infections (81), scarlet fever and suspected scarlet fever (4), urinary tract infections (4), impetigo contagiosa (1) and acute colitis (1). Bacteria were eradicated in 91.3% (63/69) of cases treated with the BRL 25000 granules, with only 2 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 2 of Escherichia coli, 1 of Haemophilus influenzae and 1 of Streptococcus pneumoniae remaining. Eight beta-lactamase producing strains were detected amongst the 49 clinical isolates studied and of these, 6 were eradicated after administration of the BRL 25000 granules. Good clinical efficacy was obtained in 97.8% of cases (89/91), with 1 case of acute tonsillitis and 1 of acute colitis showing no improvement. Adverse reactions were limited to 1 case of vomiting and 3 of diarrhea, and no abnormal laboratory findings were detected.
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PMID:[Experimental and clinical evaluation of the BRL 25000 (clavulanic acid-amoxicillin) granules in the pediatric field]. 400 49

Sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) was used in pediatric patients with acute infections, and the following results were obtained. SBT/CPZ was administered to 18 pediatric patients with acute infections. Out of them, 14 patients, i.e., 3 with acute tonsillitis, 1 with acute laryngitis, 1 with acute bronchitis, 4 with acute pneumonia, 4 with bronchopneumonia, 1 with pyothorax, were adopted for the evaluation, and the other 4 were excluded because they were judged inadequate for clinical efficacy evaluation. The clinical efficacy of SBT/CPZ was assessed as excellent in 4, good in 9 and fair in 1. The effective rate was 92.9%. In 6 cases causative organisms were detected, i.e., Haemophilus influenzae in 3, Klebsiella in 1 and Staphylococcus aureus in 2 cases. Eradication of these organisms was confirmed in all cases except for 1 patient with pyothorax caused by S. aureus. The doses used in 12 out of the evaluated 14 cases ranged from 58.4 to 80 mg/kg/day, 84.1 mg/kg/day was used in 1 case and 101.4 mg/kg/day was used in 1 case with pyothorax. Patients with severe infections were generally given large doses. The frequency of administration was 3 times per day except 1 case, and intravenous drip infusion was used in all cases. The duration of treatment was 2- less than 3 days for 7 cases, 3-5 days for 6 cases and 9 days for 1 case (pyothorax). No clinical side effects were observed in any case. In laboratory examinations, a slight elevation of GOT was observed in 1 case, but no abnormal findings in the other cases. From the above results, SBT/CPZ was considered to be a highly useful drug in the treatment of pediatric infections.
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PMID:[Clinical study on sulbactam/cefoperazone in the field of pediatrics]. 609 60

A clinical trial of bacampicillin was carried out in 20 patients. The antibiotic was found to be effective in acute lobar pneumonia, pyogenic meningitis, acute and chronic bronchitis, acute pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis, cellulitis, furunculosis, and pyomyositis caused by such ampicillin-sensitive organisms as Neisseria meningitidis, Diplococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. Rash in three patients was the only side effect encountered. It is concluded that while bacampicillin may have overcome some of the disadvantages of ampicillin, it retains its main attributes and some shortcomings.
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PMID:Clinical trial of bacampicillin in acute bacterial infections. 635 33

MIC of cefadroxil (CDX) against A group beta-Streptococcus was distributed between 0.05-0.2 microgram/ml, that is, more susceptible than cephalexin (CEX) an cefaclor (CCL), and susceptible to tetracycline (TC), erythromycin (EM), lincomycin (LCM) resistant strains. Serum level was higher than CCL administered orally at the same dose, and urinary excretion ratio after oral administration was good similarly to CEX and CCL. Patients treated were mostly scarlet fever and upper respiratory tract infections as acute tonsillitis and lacunar tonsillitis. They responded well to CDX at a daily dose of 30 mg/kg divided into 3-4 times. All cases of scarlet fever became normal temperature within 2 days. Among 14 cases in which A group beta-hemolytic Streptococcus was detected by pharyngeal sputum culture at admission, 11 cases became negative on the 1st day. This result was superior to CEX, when this drug was administered orally at a daily dose of 40-60 mg/kg, bacteria became negative at the ratio of 73.3% on the 2nd day. CDX was effective for acute tonsillitis, lacunar tonsillitis, acute bronchitis, impetigo and maxillary lymphadenitis in which numerous A group beta-Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae were proven, as well as for acute urinary tract infection due to Escherichia coli. Clinical results of CDX in totalling 69 cases were excellent in 63 cases, good in 6 cases, efficacy ratio being 100%. No local nor systemic side effects were observed in 69 cases including maximum 11 days' treatment, as well as no effect was noticed on hepatic and renal functions. From the above results, it was concluded that satisfactory treatment results may be obtained with CDX dry syrup for children at a daily dose of 20-50 mg/kg divided into 3-4 times in acute infections due to CDX susceptible pathogens.
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PMID:[Some investigations on cefadroxil dry syrup (author's transl)]. 725 97

The pattern of distribution of bacteria, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and virus isolated from the same specimen recovered from the throat swab or the sputum of 479 patients with respiratory infections who were seen in six private clinics in Sendai City of Japan during the period from October to November in 1992 (period I) and from January to February in 1993 (period II) was documented. Of the 479 patients, 234 had acute pharyngitis, 145 had acute bronchitis, 96 had influenza, 21 had acute tonsillitis, 5 had acute pneumonia and 9 had other respiratory infections. One hundred (42.4%) strains of potential pathogen and one strain of M. pneumoniae were recovered from 236 cases in period I, and 66 (27.2%) strains of potential pathogen, one strain of M. pneumonae and 73 strains of Influenza virus (30.0%: 43 of type A Hong-Kong and 30 of type B) from 243 cases in period II. Of the 166 strains, major isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (56 strains), Streptococcus pneumoniae (12 strains), Streptococcus pyogenes (15 strains), Haemophilus influenzae (17 strains), Esherichia coli (4 strains), Klebsiella spp. (35 strains), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4 strains) and Acinetobacter spp. (23 strains). Only one strain of S. aureus was resistant to methicillin (MIC: 50 micrograms/ml). None of S. pneumoniae was resistant to 1 microgram/ml of ampicillin. Ciprofloxacin was administered to 113 cases and roxythromycin to 220 cases by doctors in charge.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Studies on respiratory infections in primary care clinic (V). The pattern of distribution on bacteria, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and virus isolated from patients with respiratory infections, who were seen in six private clinics, and clinical efficacy of ciprofloxacin and roxithromycin]. 782 4

The clinical efficacy was examined for the newly developed oral cephem antibiotic, cefpodoxime proxetil (CPDX-PR) dry syrup, in the treatment of various acute infections in the field of pediatrics. CPDX-PR dry syrup was administered at 10 mg/kg/day in 3-divided doses to 535 children at 21 institutions, including Tottori University Hospital and its related hospitals. The efficacy rate of this drug was determined to be 80.8%. Among isolates, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sp. were highly susceptible to the drug, whereas Haemophilus influenzae showed relatively poor susceptibility. Side effects were observed in 2.80% of all of the patients, and abnormal laboratory findings were detected in 1.87%. The low incident of side effects demonstrated its high safety, and this drug was considered to be very useful for such pediatric infections as acute tonsillitis, acute pharyngitis and acute bronchitis.
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PMID:[The clinical study of cefpodoxime proxetil dry syrup preparation in the pediatric field]. 799 Feb 61

The impact of 7 days pre-tonsillectomy antibiotics on the aerobic bacterial content of the tonsil was studied in 70 consecutive patients. One group received no antibiotic, one group received pre-operative amoxycillin and the final group, pre-operative cefaclor. The qualitative bacteriology was similar in the three groups Haemophilus influenzae was the predominant isolate present in the centre ('core') of the resected tonsil. Similar numbers of beta-lactamase producers including H. influenzae and Straphylococcus aureus were found in all three groups. Quantitative bacteriology of the tonsil core demonstrated that there was a significant reduction in core tonsil pathogens associated with antibiotic therapy. The most statistically significant difference was between the untreated control group and the cefaclor treated group. We conclude that in patients with established recurrent acute tonsillitis, oral antibiotics penetrate the diseased tonsil and influence the predominant core aerobic microflora.
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PMID:Effect of pre-operative antibiotic treatment on the bacterial content of the tonsil. 887 32

Unsuccessful medical therapy for treatment of acute tonsillitis frequently results in onset of recurrent or chronic forms rendering surgical treatment necessary. We have studied some of the factors involved in the evolution of these chronic or recurrent forms and, in particular, the distribution of different bacterial strains in tonsillar tissue, their response to treatment with antibiotics and mechanisms of bacterial resistance. The distribution of bacterial flora (saprophytic and pathogenic) present on the surface of the tonsils, in the crypts and in the tonsillar tissue was studied in a control population of 30 children (20 boys and 10 girls) aged between 2-13 years, all affected with chronic tonsillitis and submitted to tonsillectomy. The same study was performed in a group of 80 sex and aged matched children, also presenting with chronic or recurrent tonsillitis and treated with amoxicillin or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid or cefaclor or clarithromycin 72 h before surgery. The 80 subjects were randomly divided into four groups so that each antibiotic was tested on 20 subjects. The distribution of the bacterial population on the surface of tonsillar tissue, in the crypts and in the deeper tonsillar tissue is of particular interest concerning the affinity of bacteria to the different tissue areas. In particular the interaction between crypt and tonsillar core, which could be a factor involved in the process of worsening of bacterial infection in the tonsils, is evidenced. The four antibodies tested showed different abilities to eradicate infection: Haemophilus influenzae was found to be the most resistant germ to antibiotic therapy and was thus the most frequent cause of recurrent infections. The characteristics and the mechanisms of adherence and resistance to beta lactam antibiotics were also analysed.
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PMID:The role of tissue colonization and bacterial resistance in recurrent tonsillitis. 908 59

The number of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was determined in the saliva of 20 children with acute group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) pharyngo-tonsillitis, and 20 with acute non-GABHS tonsillitis. Antibody titres to four Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli that reside in the oropharynx (Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) were determined in these and 20 control patients. An average of 8.8 aerobic and anaerobic isolates per patient saliva specimens were found during the acute tonsillitis stage in both groups, and 6.9 (in GABHS tonsillitis) and 5.6 (in non-GABHS tonsillitis) 5-6 weeks later. There were 10- to 1000-fold more bacteria in the acute stages of the inflammation in both GABHS and non-GABHS groups. These bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Peptostreptococcus spp., F. nucleatum, Prevotella spp. and Porphyromonas spp. Significantly higher antibodies levels to F. nucleatum and P. intermedia were found in the second serum sample of patients with non-GABHS pharyngo-tonsillitis (P < 0.001) and GABHS tonsillitis (P < 0.05), as compared with their first sample or the levels of antibodies in controls. The increase in the number of several aerobic and anaerobic bacteria during acute tonsillitis and the increase in antibody levels to F. nucleatum and P. intermedia, known oral pathogens, may suggest a possible pathogenic role for these organisms in acute non-GABHS and GABHS tonsillitis.
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PMID:Immune response to Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia and other anaerobes in children with acute tonsillitis. 922 46


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