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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The development of surgical treatment for malignant liver tumor was reviewed. The developmental process can apparently be divided into four periods. The first period up to 1968 is when surgical trials for liver tumors were started, and much effort was directed toward the establishment of systematic procedures for hepatic resection. The second period starts form 1968, when the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan was inaugurated to organize investigators participating in the treatment of, and basic research on liver tumors. During this period, the basis for contemporary surgical treatment and sophisticated means of diagnosis such as such as determination of serum AFP level, selective angiography, and liver scintigraphy were established. This period came to an end around 1977 when computed tomography and ultrasonography were developed and popularized. In the third period, a variety of procedures for hepatic resection such as lobectomy, segmentectomy and newly devised echo-guided sub-segmentectomy were performed, based on the close evaluation of hepatic functional reserve. However, analysis of the outcome in patients who had undergone surgery alone suggested the limitations of surgical treatment, leading to the advent of the 4th period two to three years ago. The strategy of therapy in the 4th period has been aimed at multidisciplinary treatment such as transarterial embolization, intratumoral injection of tumoricidal agents, radiotherapy, regional chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
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PMID:[Development of the surgical therapy of malignant liver tumors]. 333 28

Selective deposition of lipiodol in primary and metastatic liver cancer, lung cancer, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer and renal cancer was elucidated by plain X-ray film and CT. Selective delivery of anticancer agent, SMANCS was also proved by measurement of its biological activities of removed specimen. Because of these selective delivery of anticancer agent and embolization of neovasculature in the tumor, highly effective chemotherapy of unresectable cancer was established. Drug was given via celiac, the hepatic, bronchial or renal artery mostly 1-5 mg in 1-5 ml of lipiodol once every 3-8 weeks. Antitumor effects of this therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed based on decrease in AFP levels (92% of the cases), reduction in tumor size (90% of the cases) and histology. In 76 percent of the patients with the other malignant solid tumors reduction in tumor size was recognized. Decrease in CEA level occurred in 88 percent of the cases with metastatic liver cancer and lung cancer. Major side effect was transient fever in about 50% of cases. Mitomycin C and aclarubicin dissolved in lipiodol showed remarkable antitumor effects for experimental liver cancer.
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PMID:[Arterial administration of SMANCS and other antitumor agents dissolved in lipiodol for various malignant solid tumors]. 609 18

The authors concurrently determined four markers consisting of novel gamma-GTP isoenzyme (Novel gamma-GTP), variant alkaline phosphatase (VAALP), basic fetoprotein (BFP) and CEA in addition to AFP in 144 patients having HCC. Serum AFP levels below 400ng/ml, a condition commonly seen in sera of hepatobiliary diseases other than HCC were obtained in 60 our of patients, or 42%. There was little correlation among positivities of these markers, and the diagnostic usefulness was increased by combination assay of these markers, except in the case of CEA. Specific diagnosis of HCC could be made in 78% by a combination of Novel gamma-GTP and VAALP in addition to AFP. Moreover, diagnosis of an existing malignancy could be made in 87% by BFP in addition to AFP, Novel gamma-GTP and VAALP. Positive ratios of BFP and CEA increased in proportion to staging, whereas those of AFP and Novel gamma-GTP were independent of the stage and relatively high even in patients within the early stage. In general, incidences of these markers were relatively lower in patients having small HCC, however, markers of a secreting type such as AFP and Novel gamma-GTP were relatively useful for early diagnosis of HCC.
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PMID:[Tumor markers of hepatocellular carcinoma with special reference to diagnostic efficacy of combination of these markers and relation to its stages]. 619 67

Lectin affinities of AFP were analyzed using Con A sepharose chromatography and crossed immuno-affino-electrophoresis. With Con A, AFP was divided into three subfractions, nonbound, loosely-bound and tightly-bound by chromatography, or two subfractions, nonbound and bound by electrophoresis. Con A nonbound subfraction was small in percentage in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), neonatal hepatitis, congenital biliary atresia (CBA), liver cirrhosis (LC) and cord sera. In contrast with these, the increase of Con A non-bound AFP was observed in yolk sac tumor (YST) and metastatic liver cancer (Meta). With LCA, AFP was divided into three subfractions: nonbound, loosely bound and tightly bound. Loosely bound fraction was very small in every specimen. AFPs from cord sera and LC showed uniform LCA affinity pattern, but AFPs from HCC were not uniform. Our data suggest that the analyses of lectin affinity of AFP serve as a diagnostic tool in differentiating (1) HCC from YST, (2) HCC from Meta, (3) CBA or neonatal hepatitis from YST and (4) LC from some cases of HCC.
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PMID:[Analysis of lectin-affinity of alpha fetoprotein-diagnostic approach]. 619 65

The results of determination of the serum 5'-NPDase isozymes in 95 cases of primary liver carcinoma and other kinds of disease are presented. The 5'-NPDase-V was positive in 83.2% of primary liver cancer cases. This test might be a useful supplement to AFP determination, especially in AFP-negative liver cancer patients. In most patients who had undergone successful liver resection for primary carcinoma, the test became negative. A positive 5'NPDase-V test in patients with cancer elsewhere in the body may suggest liver metastasis. In addition, this test may be of some help in the differentiation of primary liver cancer from other kinds of liver disease. The problem of "false-positive" results of this test is discussed.
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PMID:The significance of 5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase isozymes in the diagnosis of liver carcinoma. 626 4

Patients with liver cancer in Karachi were found to have depressed cell mediated immune response, increased levels of serum IgG and IgA, total haemolytic complement as well as C3 and C4. Over 60% of the patient had elevated levels of AFP and 21% had detectable serum HBsAg.
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PMID:Immunological studies in primary liver cancer in Karachi. 696 28

We studied the relations between glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) from human liver and hepatic cancer and preneoplastic lesions in high risk area of Qidong city and Beijing. A biotin-avidin enzyme-linked immunoassay (BA-ELISA) for serum level of GSTs was developed. The results showed that the GSTs level of normal controls in Qidong city (0.66 +/- 0.54 ng/ml) was higher than that in Beijing (0.37 +/- 0.27 ng/ml). The members of high cancer families, HBVsAg carries and patients having a low level fluctuating pattern of serum AFP were the population with high risk of liver cancer; their serum level of GSTs was 1.25 +/- 1.46, 1.43 +/- 1.44 and 2.81 +/- 1.76 ng/ml respectively, and it was significantly higher than in the normal controls. The content of GSTs of hepatic cancer patients in Qidong city and Beijing was 3.03 +/- 3.35 and 3.60 +/- 3.70 ng/ml respectively, but the positive rate (97%) of GSTs in Qidong city was higher than that (82%) in Beijing. The results suggested that serum expression of GSTs can be used as an enzyme marker for hepatic cancer and preneoplastic lesions. Possible roles of these forms in hepatic carcinogenesis induced by chemical carcinogenesis were discussed.
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PMID:[Glutathione S-transferases in carcinogenesis and diagnosis of liver cancer]. 750 53

A clinicopathologic analysis of 93 hepatectomies of < 3 cm small hepatocellular carcinoma (small-HCC) over the last ten years was made, which accounted for 8.5% in 1096 resected HCC during the same period. Serum AFP levels of > or = 400 micrograms/L in patients with small-HCC accounted for 40.3%. The rate of capsule formation was 58.1%, and the incidences of tumor direct invasion, cancer thrombus as well as tumor satellites were 33.3%, 28% and 3.2%, respectively. The 5-year postoperative survival rate of patients with small-HCC was 77.9%. It is proposed that the essential features of < 3 cm small-HCC are: (1) expanding growth pattern and capsule formation in majority of the cases; (2) the lesions are limited, seldom occurring long-distance (> 2 cm) invasion; (3) the incidence of cancer thrombus and satellites are lower; and (4) the majority of < 3 cm small-HCC are of diploid DNA content, showing a relatively slow growth. It is considered that < 3 cm small- HCC basically reflects the pathobiologic features of early HCC, and is an important opportunity of achieving radical therapeutic effect after the resection.
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PMID:[Clinicopathologic features of small hepatocellular carcinoma--an analysis of ninety-three cases]. 751 35

We performed Tc-99m PMT imaging in 176 patients with HCC and evaluated factors affecting 99mTc-PMT uptake by HCC with a logistic model. The probability of HCC showing increase in uptake of the radioisotope was 104.6 times higher in patients with the Ed I type than in those with the Ed III type and 12.1 times higher in patients with a tumor diameter of 5.0-7.9 cm than in those with a tumor diameter of 2.0-5.0 cm. Among the other variables, the serum AFP level and sex were suggested to have effects similar to those of the tumor size on Tc-99m PMT uptake by HCC. The grade of morphological differentiation of the tumor was therefore most markedly related to Tc-99m PMT uptake.
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PMID:Analysis of factors affecting uptake of Tc-99m Sn-N-pyridoxyl-5-methyltryptophan by hepatocellular carcinoma. 752 Nov 95

The expression of P21, AFP and CEA were detected in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its surrounding nontumor tissues by immunohistochemical staining on serial sections. The significance of AFP and P21 in HCC auxiliary diagnosis was discussed. The results are as follows: (1) AFP and P21 were more closely related with HCC than CEA. Both AFP and P21 were expressed simultaneously in more than half the cases. The distribution of these two antigens in HCC was similar. (2) The positive incidence of AFP in tumor tissues was higher than that in surrounding nontumor tissues, but vice versa for P21. Based on the results of this study, we regard that AFP is a relatively specific marker of HCC, better than P21 in auxiliary diagnosis of HCC. The hepatocytes which surround the tumor and can simultaneously express AFP and P21, are likely to be precancerous cells which have been initiated and possess the ability of neoplastic growth but lack phenotype transformation.
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PMID:[A comparative study of the expression of ras oncogenic protein P21 and oncofetal protein AFP, CEA in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)]. 752 89


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