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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Statistical analyses have been made by the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan of 4031 cases of primary liver cancers diagnosed at 155 institutes during the period of Jan. 1, 1968-Dec. 31, 1977, based on the questionnaire in the form of individual file. They comprised 2411 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 268 of cholangiocellular carcinoma, 58 of the mixed type, 69 of hepatoblastoma, 23 of others, and 1202 cases with only clinical diagnosis. The survey and analyses mostly based on the histology-proven cases included gross anatomical and histological features of tumors, grades of anaplasia and growth patterns of tumor cells, pathology of noncancerous liver portion, frequency of accompanying cirrhosis or fibrosis, distant metastases, past history, frequency of hepatitis in the past history, frequency of positive HBsAg and anti-HBs, familial clustering of positive HBsAg tests, age distribution, subjective symptoms, objective signs, serum alpha-fetoprotein, celiac angiography findings, number of operations performed, kinds of surgical approaches made, extents of hepatic resection, prognosis in terms of survival in relation to various surgical treatments, chemotherapeutic agents used and routes of administration, prognosis as related to the accompanying parenchymal liver disease, and overall survival.
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PMID:Primary liver cancers in Japan. 615 97

A human primary liver cancer cell line which retains the property of synthesizing hepatitis B surface antigen has been successfully transplanted into nude (athymic) mice. The morphology of the heterotransplanted tumor is similar to that of a well-differentiated human primary liver cell cancer. It produces hepatitis B surface antigen, but there is no evidence of hepatitis B virion production: Hepatitis B core antigen is not detected in the PLC tissue, and serum is negative for hepatitis B e antigen. The nude mouse exhibits a resistance to the transplantation of the human primary liver cancer cells which can be modified by sublethal total body irradiation, suggesting involvement of an immunologic rejection mechanism. The heterotransplanted primary liver cell cancer also produces alpha-fetoprotein, as did the original tumor in vivo, although this marker was not detected during in vitro cell culture. The serum level of alpha-fetoprotein rises exponentially, enabling quantitative evaluation of tumor growth. The human primary liver cell cancer in nude mice provides an in vivo model for determination of tumor response to chemotherapeutic agents.
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PMID:Hepatitis B surface antigen and alpha-fetoprotein secreting human primary liver cell cancer in athymic mice. 615 47

Serum alpha-1-fetoprotein (AFP) and serum lactic dehydrogenase isoenzymes (LDH I-V) were evaluated in healthy subjects as well as in 10 patients with primary liver carcinoma, in 10 patients with metastatic liver cancer and in 10 patients with cirrhosis of the liver. The diagnosis was established histologically in all cases. The upper limit of the normal AFP range was 9 ng/ml. Four out of all the patients with hepatocellular or cholangiocellular carcinomas had normal AFP values, 3 showed slightly increased AFP values, whilst a serum AFP concentration exceeding 174 ng/ml - limit which is statistically highly suggestive of hepatoma - was found in only 3 patients. Three out of the patients with metastatic liver cancer and 3 with cirrhosis showed moderately increased AFP values. In primary liver cancer LDH V is increased significantly and 8 out of all patients showed higher values of LDH V than LDH IV. By contrast, patients with metastatic liver cancer had significantly increased LDH IV, which was higher than LDH V in 9 out of all cases. Cirrhotics showed normal LDH isoenzymes. Combining these results, a definitive diagnosis could be made in 9 patients with primary carcinoma of the liver and in 9 patients with metastatic liver cancer.
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PMID:[Serum alpha-1-fetoprotein and serum lactic dehydrogenase isoenzymes in liver tumours (author's transl)]. 616 76

Microheterogeneity of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) present in the sera of 76 patients was studied by lectin affino-immunoelectrophoresis. Seventeen patients had benign liver disorders and the remaining 59 patients were treated for primary or secondary liver cancer or yolk sac tumour. By means of Con A, AFP was divided into two variants, while lentil lectin (LCA) made it possible to separate AFP in three variants. In some patients the relative concentrations of Con A and LCA AFP variants were similar; these patients were believed to produce AFP of the same 'profile'. Fourteen AFP profiles were observed by estimation of the area enclosed by precipitates corresponding to respective AFP variants. It was also possible to estimate the AFP profile on the basis of a simple visual analysis of the electrophoretic plates. The obtained results indicate that the AFP profiles of patients with cancer were variable. In spite of variations of the AFP profile in cancer patients, in most cases it was possible to differentiate primary liver cancer from yolk sac tumour and from liver metastases of cancer. In addition, in two-thirds of hepatoma patients the AFP profile was different from the profile observed in patients with benign liver disorders.
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PMID:Microheterogeneity of alpha-fetoprotein in patient serum as demonstrated by lectin affino-electrophoresis. 617 74

The appearance and clinical significance of an atypical fraction of serum alkaline phosphatase called "biliary" have been evaluated in patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) and control subjects. The "biliary" fraction was present in all 42 PLC patients and proved to be the most sensitive of the biochemical parameters utilized. The association with alpha-fetoprotein determination allowed us to identify patients affected by hepatic pathology of neoplastic type, with a diagnostic efficiency of 92%.
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PMID:Occurrence of an atypical alkaline phosphatase fraction ("biliary") in primary liver cancer. 619 8

We used affinity chromatography on concanavalin A Sepharose to study the serum alpha-fetoprotein of 10 patients with histologically proven germ-cell tumors and 12 patients with primary liver cancer. Less than 50% of the fetoprotein from germ-cell tumors bound to concanavalin A, as compared with more than 80% of the alpha-fetoprotein from primary liver cancers.
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PMID:Affinity chromatography used in distinguishing alpha-fetoprotein in serum from patients with tumors of hepatic parenchyma and of germ cells. 620 69

A continuous human cell line was established from a hepatocellular carcinoma of an HBsAg-positive Japanese male. The cell line, designated HCC-M, grows as an adhering monolayer with a doubling time of 24 h in medium RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% FCS and grows with 30% clonal efficiency in soft agar. The cells have been shown by light and electron microscopy to be of epithelial type. When they were transplanted subcutaneously into the back of athymic nude mice (BALB/c, nu/nu), tumors developed at the sites of inoculation, which were shown to be hepatocellular carcinoma, similar in morphology to the original tumor from which they were derived. HCC-M had a chromosome mode of 63 with five identifiable marker chromosomes. HCC-M produced albumin at the 10th passage but this property was lost by the 30th passage. This cell line has not secreted alpha-fetoprotein. Hepatitis B viral particles or HBsAg have not been demonstrated in the cells from the primary culture nor in several subsequent subcultures tested.
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PMID:Establishment of a cell line (HCC-M) from a human hepatocellular carcinoma. 630 92

The current status of diagnosis and treatment of primary liver cancer in Japan and its problems are described. Most primary liver cancers in the Japanese prove to be hepatocellular carcinoma complicated with liver cirrhosis. Based on these characteristics, at least three factors are important for the diagnosis of early stage of liver cancer 1) follow-up of high risk individuals 2), alpha-fetoprotein screening, and 3), application of ultra sonography (US) or computerized tomography (CT) in suspected cases. With relation to surgery, the following two points should be considered; 1), complications of esophageal varices and 2), development of postoperative hepatic failure or multiple organ failure (MFO) after extensive resection.
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PMID:Current status of surgical therapy for primary liver cancer in Japan. 631 Jan 96

We have treated 123 cirrhotic patients having liver cancer associated with esophageal varices. Among these patients, 10 underwent hepatic resection together with variceal surgeries simultaneously. These procedures were feasible when the liver tumor was detected in an early stage, and hepatocellular function was preserved as much as major hepatic resection was acceptable. One, 2 and 5 year survival rates were 73.4%, 58.7% and 29.4%, respectively. In 5 patients with non-resectable hepatoma, variceal surgery was done, but 4 died of hematemesis finally. The result is suggestive that variceal surgery in such patients appears to be ineffective. Recently, endoscopic sclerotherapy had been performed for variceal bleeding in poor risk patients. Lipiodol, contrast material, has been attempted to use for chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, making use of the characteristic of the oli that this material remains selectively in the tumor for a long time when it is administered through the artery feeding the tumor. We have used this mode of therapy and prominent decrease of alpha-fetoprotein has been evident in 5 patients with non-resectable hepatoma until the present time. These less invasive methods are considered to be treatment of choice in patients with advanced liver cancer and concomitant esophageal varices.
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PMID:[Treatment of liver cancer and concomitant esophageal varices]. 632 51

Methapyrilene hydrochloride [2-[2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl)-2-thenylamino)pyridine monohydrochloride (CAS: 135-23-9)]-induced hepatocarcinogenesis was studied in male F344/NCr rats by sequential histologic, histochemical, and biologic methods. Methapyrilene hydrochloride was administered in the feed to rats at a concentration of 1,000 ppm for periods up to 89 weeks. Groups of rats were killed after 5, 10, 15, 29, 40, or 73 weeks of ingesting the carcinogen. Another group was allowed to live out their life-span. Hepatocellular eosinophilic foci and adenomas were seen after 10 and 15 weeks, respectively. Basophilic foci and adenomas were found after 29 and 40 weeks, respectively. Hepatocellular carcinomas developed in 5 of 10 rats at week 40, in 3 of 5 rats at week 73, and in 19 of 19 rats that lived out their life-span. Carcinomas arose within adenomas or as small in situ carcinomas. The histologic types included trabecular, adenocarcinoma, mixed, and solid poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas. Eleven of the mixed and solid poorly differentiated carcinomas metastasized to the lung. Solid poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas grew upon transplantation to the mammary fat pad of weanling F344 rats. Cholangiocarcinomas were found in 7 of 19 rats only in the life-span group. Mucous cholangiofibrosis was seen in all rats after 15 weeks. With the use of Regaud's mitochondrial stain, an increased cellular density of mitochondria was seen in some hepatocytes of peripheral and central lobular areas and in some hepatocellular carcinoma cells, but not in cells in many of the adenomas and foci. Cellular alpha-fetoprotein was found by immunoperoxidase staining in portions of hepatocellular carcinomas, but not in foci, adenomas, and nonneoplastic areas. The majority of hepatocytes in foci, adenomas, and hepatocellular carcinomas contained gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The findings suggest that multiple pathways may be followed in the development of methapyrilene-induced liver cancer that are similar to those found in rats exposed to many other hepatic carcinogens.
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PMID:A sequential study of methapyrilene hydrochloride-induced liver carcinogenesis in male F344 rats. 658 58


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