Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For the evaluation of differential diagnostic parameters, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 26), liver cell adenoma (n = 4), focal nodular hyperplasia (n = 8), and secondary liver tumors (n = 15) were studied with histologic and immunohistochemical methods. The study was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections, and, in some cases, also on frozen sections. The diagnostic contribution of the demonstration of alpha-fetoprotein, alpha-antitrypsin, hepatitis B surface antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and biliary glycoprotein I (BGPI), compared with routine hematoxylin-eosin and reticulin stains was evaluated. For the differentiation between HCC, adenoma, and focal nodular hyperplasia, immunohistochemistry contributed less than the strict application of histologic criteria. Immunohistochemistry of CEA and BGPI, however, appeared to be of help in differentiating between primary and secondary liver tumors as follows: CEA is consistently absent in liver cell tumors, while a bile canalicular staining pattern was seen in 80% of HCC due to the presence of BGPI reactivity.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma, adenoma, and focal nodular hyperplasia. Comparative histopathologic study with immunohistochemical parameters. 243 May 47

A radioimmunoassay for transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) using synthetic rat sarcoma transforming growth factor and its rabbit polyclonal antibody has been developed. Using radioimmunoassays, the urinary TGF-alpha and epidermal growth factor (EGF) concentrations in 31 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 15 probable HCC, four metastatic liver cancer, and 33 age, sex-matched healthy controls were determined. For the first time, we have shown that the average TGF-alpha concentration for HCC patients was 21.5 +/- 20.3 micrograms per g creatinine, significantly higher than that of healthy subjects, 4.9 +/- 2.8 micrograms per g creatinine (P less than 0.001). There was no statistical difference in the level of EGF between HCC patients and controls (40.9 +/- 29.3 versus 46.2 +/- 16.6 micrograms per g creatinine; P greater than 0.05). The ratio of EGF/TGF-alpha between HCC patients (3.37 +/- 4.42) and controls (15.5 +/- 13.0) was significantly different (P less than 0.001). Among patients, 65% (20 of 31) of HCC cases and 87% (13 of 15) of probable HCC cases showed a marked elevation of TGF-alpha levels. We found only 16% (five of 31) of HCC cases with increased EGF level. EGF excretion was inversely age related. Serum total protein concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity were positively correlated to EGF concentration (r = 0.522, P less than 0.01 and rt = 0.393, P less than 0.05, respectively). There was no correlation between biochemical functions of liver and TGF-alpha concentration in HCC patients. Our results also suggested that TGF-alpha may be a useful complementary tumor marker for management of patients with clinical manifestation of HCC who have low alpha-fetoprotein levels.
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PMID:Elevation of transforming growth factor alpha and its relationship to the epidermal growth factor and alpha-fetoprotein levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 243 30

Discriminant analysis was used in evaluating the importance of clinical aspects and the value of routine and experimental biochemical markers in the differential diagnosis of primary liver cancer (PLC) and chronic, non-neoplastic, liver diseases. Our results show that: 1) Clinical signs, such as the presence of pain, weight loss or mass, correctly indicate the diagnosis in 76% of the cases; 2) The determination of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes is shown by the computer to be the most useful marker and provides an overall diagnostic accuracy which is higher than that of alpha-fetoprotein. We also found that, by using these two markers together, "by intersection," the best overall accuracy (85%) is obtained. We, therefore, suggest determination of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes and alpha-fetoprotein in screening the populations at risk for liver cancer.
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PMID:Discriminant analysis in the clinical and biochemical diagnosis of primary liver cancer. 243 64

A continuous adherent cell line was established from a hepatocellular carcinoma of an HBsAg-positive Italian male. This cell line, designated Tong/HCC, has been grown in a hormone-supplemented medium for more than 18 months. The cell line secretes HBsAg, alpha-fetoprotein, albumin and alpha 1-antitrypsin. alpha-Fetoprotein production is enhanced by the addition of hydrocortisone and appears to be glucocorticoid concentration-dependent. The concentrates of the supernatant from the cell cultures and cell lysates were negative when tested for HBeAg. The cell culture medium was negative for hepatitis B virus DNA when tested by dot-blot hybridization. However, hepatitis B virus DNA was found to be integrated in the chromosomal DNA by Southern blot analysis. At least five different integration sites were identified, and no free hepatitis B virus DNA was observed. The modal chromosome number was 64, and a translocation on Chromosome 15 was consistently noted. HLA typing revealed sites for A3, Aw24, Bw34 and Cw1.
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PMID:Characteristics of a cell line (Tong/HCC) established from a human hepatocellular carcinoma. 244 44

187 patients with subclinical hepatic cancer (SHC), collected by mass screening or follow-up of the hepatic diseases in our hospital from Dec. 1972 to Dec. 1984, are reported. The age ranged from 18 to 76 years with a median of 47. The sex ratio of male and female was 1.97:1. 143 (76.5%) patients had a positive pathology. The exploration rate was 60.4% and resection rate was 77.9%. Of them, there were 72 (81.8%) small liver cancers with lesions equal to or less than 5 cm in diameter. For patients with resection, the 1, 3 and 5 year survival rates were 77.3%, 39.3% and 34.6%, markedly higher than those treated by other means. B-ultrasonography gave a significantly higher positive rate (96.4%) in the localization of SHC, compared with nuclide imaging (17.6%). Basing on analysis of 187 patients with SHC, close follow-up of the subjects with low level persistent positive alpha-fetoprotein without active liver disease plays an important role in the early detection of SHC.
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PMID:[Clinical study of subclinical hepatic cancer--analysis of 187 patients]. 245 86

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I and IGF-II were measured by radioimmunoassay in the sera of seven patients with acromegaly, 36 normal control subjects, 15 patients with chronic hepatitis, 15 patients with cirrhosis, 25 patients with hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) who did not have hypoglycemia, 20 patients with HCCs who did have hypoglycemia, and 10 patients with metastatic liver tumors. Both IGF-I and IGF-II levels decreased as liver disease progressed from the normal control stage to chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis, and both levels reflected the severity of liver disease. Patients with HCCs who had hypoglycemia had relatively higher IGF-II levels in their sera in comparison with those who did not have hypoglycemia (272 +/- 167.5 ng/ml vs 110.4 +/- 85.9 ng/ml [mean +/- SD], p less than 0.0005), despite the fact that those with hypoglycemia had more advanced liver cancer and had lower IGF-I levels in sera (16.7 +/- 14.1 ng/ml vs 46.8 +/- 47.9 ng/ml, p less than 0.002). It is possible that a labile IGF-II material is produced by the cancer cells of patients with hypoglycemia. This factor is reactive to the IGF-II receptor and partially cross-reacts with an antibody to IGF-II; it accounted for the mildly elevated levels of serum IGF-II. Hypoglycemia may be an integral effect of relatively elevated IGF-II like material and an advanced liver cancer. Also, higher serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were more frequently found in patients with hypoglycemia who had relatively elevated IGF-II levels and short survivals.
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PMID:Radioimmunoassay of serum IGF-I and IGF-II in patients with chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma with or without hypoglycemia. 246 May 70

Over the period of the past 9 years (1980-1988), 320 patients (mean age 60.9 +/- 13.2 years) suffering from various liver diseases have been examined. There were three main groups of patients: (1)--24 patients with primary liver cancer (PLC), 19 of them with hepato- and 5 with cholangiocellular carcinoma, (2)--153 patients with metastatic liver tumors (MLT), and (3)--143 patients with inflammatory liver diseases (ILD). The results of examination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GMT) in these patients have been analyzed with the aim to evaluate their contribution to the differential diagnostics of tumorous and inflammatory liver processes. For the diagnostics of malignant hepatoma AFP appeared to the most specific test. The significance of other tests for diagnostics of malignant hepatic diseases is obviously limited. These tests are recommended to be considered (in the case of their increase) in close connection with the clinical image and additional examinations. The importance of correlation between cirrhosis and malignant hepatoma is also to be noticed. In spite of all this, we believe that in the case of positivity of the above tests the patients have to be carefully examined and followed up, and that the clinical course and the dynamic of the mentioned tests has to be thoroughly observed. Because of the specificity of values of the AFP-test with malignant hepatoma, we find it useful to perform this test in all patients with chronic liver diseases.
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PMID:Alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen and various biochemical tests in patients with tumorous and inflammatory liver diseases. 246 43

An investigation was carried out into the effects of lipiodol-transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (L-TACE) therapy on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastatic liver cancer, as well as the effects of oral 5-fluorouracil administration after L-TACE. For L-TACE, lipiodol mixed with adriamycin (doxorubicin) was injected through a catheter inserted into the tumor feeding artery and this was followed by embolization with a gelatin sponge. Twenty national hospitals throughout Japan participated in this multicenter co-operative open trial. A total of 102 patients became the subjects of study, including 75 HCC patients, 12 metastatic liver cancer patients treated with L-TACE, and 15 HCC patients who had hepatectomy after L-TACE. In 22% of the HCC patients and in 42% of the metastatic liver cancer patients, the tumor size was reduced by more than 50% after L-TACE. 73% of the 63 HCC patients showed a more than 50% reduction of the levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein. Although the survival rates of the HCC patients who had a hepatic resection were better than those who had not, there was no statistically significant difference between the survival rates of the HCC patients and those of the metastatic liver cancer patients treated with L-TACE. The survival rates of the HCC patients after L-TACE did not change as a result of oral 5-fluorouracil administration. It was therefore concluded that L-TACE is an effective way of treating both HCC patients and metastatic liver cancer patients, and that repeated L-TACE should be considered for some patients whose serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein rose again after L-TACE. Further follow-up studies will be needed to discover the effects of oral chemotherapy after L-TACE.
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PMID:Effects of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with oral chemotherapy on hepatic neoplasms. 246 82

From July 1958 to June 1978, a total of 333 cases with pathologically proven primary liver cancer (PLC) were admitted to the Zhong Shan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai, the people's Republic of China. Of these, 39.6% (132 of 333) were resected and 14.4% (19 of 132) survived over 10 years after resection for PLC. These 19 patients surviving over 10 years were investigated in this paper. All 19 patients underwent radical resection, including right hemihepatectomy in two cases, left hemihepatectomy in ten cases, left lateral segmentectomy in three cases, and local resection in four cases. By the end of June 1988, follow-up varied from 10 years and 1 month to 26 years and 7 months, with a mean follow-up of 15 years and 4 months. All 19 patients are still alive with free of disease. The longest survival patient had a tumor measuring 10 X 8 X 6 cm in size and underwent local resection. Upon follow-up after 26 years and 7 months, the patient was found to be still living and well. Two patients with intraperitoneal ruptured PLC have survived for 19 years and 4 months, and 16 years and 11 months, respectively, after resection of the tumors free of disease and have returned to work. Subclinical recurrence of PLC was discovered in one patient in whom reoperation with cryosurgery was carried out. The patient has been in good condition with negative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for 8 years and 10 months after cryosurgery. Subclinical solitary pulmonary metastasis was detected in two patients because of a secondary rise in AFP level. Reoperations were carried out and the metastatic tumors were removed. These two patients are still in good health with negative AFP 9 years and 6 months, and 10 years and 1 months, respectively, after reoperation. These results indicate that early and radical resection are the principal factors influencing long-term survival; reoperation for subclinical recurrence and solitary metastasis remains an important approach to prolong survival further; intraperitoneal rupture of PLC does not exclude the possibility of cure; new surgical techniques, such as cryosurgery and bloodless hepatectomy, have been shown to be effective in some patients.
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PMID:Long-term survivors after resection for primary liver cancer. Clinical analysis of 19 patients surviving more than ten years. 247 Apr 91

A new immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using Freund's adjuvant and recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) combined with conventional transarterial chemoembolization therapy was performed. In 16 patients with HCC and one patient with metastatic liver cancer receiving this therapy, decrease and suppression of reelevation of alpha-fetoprotein after therapy was observed. Disappearance of tumor thrombi of HCC in the main portal vein was observed in a patient, and decrease of carcinoembryonic antigen was also observed in a patient with metastatic liver cancer. The present therapy using Freund's adjuvant and IL-2 is likely to open a new avenue for the treatment of patients with advanced liver cancer.
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PMID:Immunotherapy using Freund's adjuvant and recombinant interleukin-2 combined with transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. 247 56


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