Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred ninety-two patients with unresectable primary liver cancer studied by members of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) were evaluable in a prospectively randomized clinical trial. Patient discriminants such as performance status were carefully evaluated to assess their influence on prognosis and to evaluate the importance of patient status on response and survival. Patients who were totally bedridden or with signs of overt liver failure were not entered on study. The median survival time for all evaluable previously untreated patients was 17 weeks (19 weeks for North American and European, and 10 weeks for South African black patients). Among the South African patients, however, there was a significantly larger proportion with an initially poor performance status. Prognostic variables (performance status, jaundice, and reduced appetite) dominate any differences among the treatments studied. Among North American and European patients on intravenous (IV) 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) + Methyl-CCNU (MeCCNU) + Adriamycin (ADM, doxorubicin), the 19% response rate is offset by 63% with severe toxicity and a median survival time of only 17 weeks, making this treatment unacceptable clinically. The median survival time of North American and European patients treated with IV 5-FU +/- MeCCNU was 28 weeks in contrast to a median survival time of 12 weeks with ADM (P less than or equal to 0.01). EST 2273 was the ECOG study of patients with primary liver cancer. The results of the first part of the trial were published in 1978. This report updates those findings and reports the results of patients entered subsequently on the second part of that study after it was amended in 1979. With more than 300 evaluable patients in EST 2273, this duet of studies is the largest ever conducted in patients with primary liver cancer, and draws a new baseline from which to measure the disease and its response to treatment.
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PMID:Primary liver cancer. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Trial. 608 19

Asip is a mammalian homologue of polarity protein Par-3 of Caenorhabditis elegans and Bazooka of Drosophila melanogaster. Asip/Par-3/Bazooka are PDZ-motif containing proteins that localize asymmetrically to the cell periphery and play a pivotal role in cell polarity and asymmetric cell division. In the present study, we have cloned human asip cDNA and its splicing variants by 5'-RACE and RT-PCR using candidate human EST clones which have a high homology to rat asip cDNA. The full-length cDNA of human asip encodes a 1,353 aa protein exhibiting 88% similarity to the rat one. Human asip is a single copy gene consisting of at least 26 exons and localizing in human chromosome 10, band p11.2, with some extraordinarily long introns. All exon/intron boundary nucleotides conform to the "gt-ag" rule. Three main transcripts were detected by Northern blot analysis, and at least five variants, from alternative splicing and polyadenylation, have been identified by RT-PCR and liver cDNA library screening. Exon 17b deleted asip mRNAs expressed ubiquitously in normal human tissues, including liver, on RT-PCR analysis. However, they were absent from most human liver cancer cell lines examined. More interestingly, the expression of exon 17b deleted variants was down regulated in 52.6% (10/19) clinic specimens of human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), compared with the surrounding nontumorous liver tissues from the same patients. The presence of various splicing transcripts, the variation of their distribution among different tissues and cells, and their differential expressions in human HCCs suggest that human Asip isoforms may function in different context.
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PMID:Down-regulated expression of atypical PKC-binding domain deleted asip isoforms in human hepatocellular carcinomas. 1164 8

Many CARD-containing caspase mediators interact with CARD-containing caspases and participate in activation or suppression of caspases. We cloned a novel CARD-containing protein from our EST database, named CARP. Computational characterization revealed that CARP encoded 445 amino acids with predicted MW 49.7 kDa, localized at chromosome 10p13 with 15 exons, and four putative function domains, one CARD domain (aa 160-243), one nuclear receptor-binding motif, two EF-hand motifs, and 42% alpha-helix content. Stable transfection of CARP into lung carcinoma A549 and HEK293S cells leads to 23% of the cells undergoing apoptosis, but only 3% in the cells transfected with empty control vector. The cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by 1.2-5 folds (P<0.02) in seven CARP-transfected tumor cell lines-lung carcinoma A549 and PG, melanoma WM451, prostate cancer PC-3 and PC-3M, liver cancer H7402, and bladder cancer BIU87. Our results suggest that CARP is a novel CARD-containing pro-apoptotic protein.
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PMID:CARP is a novel caspase recruitment domain containing pro-apoptotic protein. 1205 70

A novel mouse gene mLPTS was cloned by EST assembling, RT-PCR and DNA sequencing. The gene fragment for mLPTS is 1244 bp in length, encoding a protein of 332 amino acids. The amino acid sequence of mLPTS has 78% homologue with that of LPTS gene, which is a novel liver cancer-related gene identified through positional candidate cloning stratage by our laboratory. The expression of LPTS gene was ubiquitous in normal human tissues, whereas levels appeared to be significantly reduced, or sometime undetectable in HCC cells and neoplastic tissues, and it might be involved in the negative regulation of cell proliferation. The expression of mLPTS gene was found in all mouse tissues analyzed, same with that of LPTS gene in human. There was only one transcript for mLPTS gene in mouse tissues. The phylogenetic tree was constructed through the amino acids sequence analysis and the study of the sequence homologue among different species. Next, mLPTS gene was cloned into green fluorescent protein eukarytic expression vector and then transfected into CHO cell line. The green fluorescent was mostly limited in the nucleolus, showing that the gene products of mLPTS in eukaryocytes were located in the nucleolus.
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PMID:[The cloning and expression of a novel mouse gene mLPTS and its subcellular localization]. 1256 69

Lipid-modified soluble proteins Hedgehog (SHH, DHH and IHH) and WNT (WNT1, WNT2, WNT2B, WNT3, etc.) share distantly related mechanisms for ligand modification as well as for signaling through seven-transmembrane protein with Frizzled domain. Hedgehog and WNT signaling pathways network together during embryogenesis and carcinogenesis. Dispatched 1 (DISP1) and Dispatched 2 (DISP2) are human homologs for Drosophila Dispatched implicated in the release of lipid-anchored Hedgehog from producing cells. Here, we identified and characterized Dispatched 3 (DISP3) gene by using bioinformatics. DISP3 complete coding sequence was determined by assembling BU170953 EST and KIAA1337 uncharacterized cDNA. DISP3 gene at human chromosome 1p36.22 was linked to D1S2667 microsatellite maker and TERE1 gene, whose locus is associated with prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and liver cancer. DISP3 mRNA was expressed in human embryonic stem (ES) cells, brain, testis, lung carcinoid, neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma and brain tumor. DISPH1 domain with five transmembrane regions (codon 452-637 of DISP3) and DISPH2 domain with four transmembrane regions (codon 1116-1319 of DISP3) were identified as novel domains conserved between DISP3 (1392 aa) and DISP1. The region around DISPH1 and DISPH2 domains of DISP3 protein was the Patched homologous region conserved among Patched family members and DISP family members. Because DISP3 and DISP1 are multi-span transmembrane proteins with the Patched homologous region, DISP3 is predicted to be implicated in the release of lipid-anchored secreted proteins. This is the first report on identification and characterization of the DISP3 gene.
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PMID:Identification and characterization of DISP3 gene in silico. 1564 43