Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The HXeCCH...CO2 complex is studied experimentally and computationally. The complex is prepared in a low-temperature xenon matrix using UV photolysis of propiolic acid (HCCCOOH) and thermal mobilization of H atoms at 45 K. Photolysis of propiolic acid leads to the HCCH...CO2 complex as one of the photolysis products. The HCCH...CO2 complex is further photolyzed to the HCC...CO2 complex. Thermal annealing leads to the formation of HXeCCH complexed with CO2. The H-Xe stretching absorption of the HXeCCH...CO2 complex is blueshifted (+31.9 and +5.8 cm(-1)) from the value of the HXeCCH monomer in a xenon matrix. In the calculations, three HXeCCH...CO2 structures were found (one parallel and two linear structures) corresponding to the true energy minima on the potential energy surface. For the H-Xe stretching mode, the calculations give blueshifted values of +19.2 or +19.5 cm(-1) depending on the computational level [MP2/6-311++G(2d,2p) and MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ] for the parallel structure and +19.4 or +27.9 cm(-1) for one linear structure. For the second linear structure, the H-Xe stretching frequency is redshifted by -8.6 or -9.4 cm(-1) at these levels of theory. Based on the calculations, the experimental band shifted by +5.8 cm(-1) (1492.2 cm(-1)) most likely corresponds to the HXeCCH...CO2 parallel structure. The band with larger blueshift of +31.9 cm(-1) (1518.3 cm(-1)) can be due to another matrix site of the same structure or to the blueshifting linear structure.
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PMID:Matrix isolation and ab initio study of the HXeCCH...CO2 complex. 1794 55

The effects of CO2 in the storage atmosphere on color, firmness, ascorbic acid (AA), anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolics, total antioxidant activity, and antiproliferative activity of strawberry fruit have been investigated. "Northeaster" and "Earliglow" strawberries were stored in air or in 20% CO2 (in air) at 3 degrees C for 20 d. Color changes in Northeaster were delayed more by CO2 treatment than in Earliglow. Firmness of CO2-stored fruit increased slightly compared with those stored in air. The increases in total and reduced AA concentrations during air storage were usually prevented by CO2 storage in both cultivars. Dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) concentrations increased during CO2 storage. Anthocyanins and flavonoids, and total antioxidant activity of both cultivars were higher in air-stored fruit than in CO2-stored fruit. The total phenolic concentration was lower in CO2-stored Earliglow fruit than in air, but storage treatment did not affect that of Northeaster. A 40 mg/mL concentration of Northeaster strawberry extract inhibited about 80% of HepG2 human liver cancer cell proliferation. CO2 treatment did not affect the antiproliferative activity of strawberry fruits, but antiproliferative activity was greater at harvest than after storage.
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PMID:Fruit quality, antioxidant contents and activity, and antiproliferative activity of strawberry fruit stored in elevated CO2 atmospheres. 1924 80

Higher plants show a wide range of leaf lifespan (LL) variability. LL is calculated as a sum of functional LL(f) (corresponding to the time of active photosynthesis and CO2 accumulation in the leaf) and nonfunctional LL(n) (the time of photosynthetic activity absence). For evergreen species of boreal zones, LL(n) corresponds to the period of winter rest. Photosynthetic potential of leaf (PPL), interpreted as the maximum possible amount of CO2 that can be fixed during its life, can be estimated on the basis of maximum photosynthesis rate (P(a)) dynamics during LL(f); the maximum (P(a max)) being achieved in mature leaf. Photosynthetic potential depends on LL(f) more strongly than on P(a max). The PPL/LL(f) ratio is indicative of the rate of PPL realization over leaf lifespan. As LL(f) shows strong positive correlation with LL, the latter parameter can also characterize the rate of PPL realization. Long LL(f) in evergreen species provides higher PPL, which is advantageous by comparison with deciduous ones. In evergreen species, the PPL itself is realized slower than in deciduous ones. The increase in LL(f) and LL is accompanied by the increase in leaf constructional cost (LCC(a)) as well as the decrease in photosynthesis rate. At that, photosynthesis rate per unit of dry weight (P(m)) decreases much faster than that per unit of leaf area (P(a)). Apparently, when considering dry leaf weight, the apoplast share seems to be much higher in long-living leaves of evergreen species than in short-living leaves of deciduous species. The leaf payback (LP) may be stabilized by unidirectional shifts in PPL and LCC(a). Species with short/long LL(f) and high/low PPL realization rate are typical for early/late succession stages and for habitats with the environmental conditions favorable/adverse for photosynthesis and growth. If the conditions for photosynthesis and growth are favorable, high PPL realization rate provides advantage in competition. The PPL realization rate is coupled with the rate of leaf senescence.
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PMID:[Influence of photosynthetic parameters on leaf longevity]. 2620 Dec 19

Liver cancer and other malignant tumor cells rely on the glycolytic pathway to obtain energy (i.e. the Warburg effect); however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Mitochondria are sites of oxidative phosphorylation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. The 13 constituent respiratory chain proteins encoded by the mitochondrial genome (namely, mtDNA) play essential roles. We found that in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, 11 out of the 13 mtDNA-encoded genes exhibited decreased mRNA levels and 5 genes displayed decreased protein levels, including the cytochrome B (mt-CYB) and cytochrome C oxidase II (mt-CO2) genes. Mitochondrial gene sequencing revealed abnormalities in the levels of a large number of mitochondrial miRNAs (mitomiRs). MicroRNA-181a-5p (mir-181a-5p), which potentially targets genes encoding mt-CYB and mt-CO2 protein, was screened out from 549 downregulated mitomiRs via bioinformatic analysis. After overexpression of mitomiR-181a-5p, mt-CYB and mt-CO2 levels were reduced in HCC cells, and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) maintained by the electron transport chain (ETC) was decreased. Furthermore, the expression of hexokinase 2 (HK2) and glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) was upregulated, accompanied by elevated glucose, lactic acid release, and activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In vivo experiments confirmed that constitutive mitomiR-181a-5p expression caused reprogramming of glucose metabolism and promoted tumor growth and early lung metastasis in liver cancer. In summary, the present study reveals the important role of mitomiRs in glucose metabolism reprogramming in liver cancer, which is of considerable value in exploring new therapeutic targets for HCC.
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PMID:Mitochondrial miR-181a-5p promotes glucose metabolism reprogramming in liver cancer by regulating the electron transport chain. 3162 62


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