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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Researchers analyzed 1983 vital statistics for Taiwan using the life table analysis and calculating the potential years of life lost (PYLL) to identify life shortening features of several major causes of death and examine the preventability of premature mortality. Life expectancy for males was 69.9 years whereas for females it was 75.1 years. these corresponding life expectancies for Japan were 73.8 years and 79.6 years and 71.7 years and 78.7 years for the US. Between 1950-1983, life expectancy at birth in Taiwan increased 17.5 years for males and 19 years for females. In 1983, the cumulative total of PYLL before age 70 for males was 737,205 compared to 353,780 years for females. Thus loss of productivity of males was 2 times that of females. Most of this loss was a result of accidents. In fact, they contributed to 37.2% of PYLL for males and 24.9% of PYLL for females. Even though accidents were also the leading cause for the most PYLL in Japan and the US (17.4% and 8.7% respectively in Japan and 25% for both sexes combined in the US), the magnitude was considerably lower than that of Taiwan. Further the type of accidents males were more likely to die from were motor vehicle accidents (18,8% vs. 18.4% for home and workplace accidents). On the other hand, women were more likely to die from home and workplace accidents(14% vs. 10%). The 2nd major cause for the most PYLL was all cancers, except liver cancer, (15.9% for males and 20.4% for females). The 3rd major cause for the most PYLL for males was liver disease (liver cancer and cirrhosis of the liver) (9.6%) while for females it was stroke (8.7%). Further suicides contributed to 6.5% of PYLL for females. IN conclusion, Taiwan should place accident prevention as a high priority since it needs limited resources and is more achievable than that of cancer elimination. The next level of preventive efforts should include stroke and suicide.
Asia Pac J Public Health 1991
PMID:Mortality trend in a rapidly developing economy in Taiwan. Part II: Life expectancy and "potential years of life lost". 179 32

The presence and distribution of AFP, AAT and HBsAg in peritumoral non-neoplastic hepatocytes (NNH) of 27 cases and, at the same time, in the neoplastic tissue of 37 liver cell carcinoma (HCC) were studied; AFP and HBsAg were more frequently found in NNH than in HCC cells; no differences were found for AAT. The presence of HBsAg also in normal liver without cirrhosis is probably best explained by its possible role in neoplastic transformation and by the inhibition of replication of the viruses AFP, considered to be expression of dedifferentiated cells, may possible be taken up by NNH for catabolic purposes.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical study of the appearance of some markers in liver adjoining hepatocellular carcinoma. 242 60

A total of 269 pathologically confirmed carcinoma cases (118 male, 151 female) were recorded in the seven year period 1980 to 1986 in Vanuatu, an island nation within the Melanesia region in the South Pacific. Cervical cancer was numerically the most important malignancy in females (25% of all female cancers). In males, liver cancer was the most commonly observed (14.4% of all male cancers). Almost one-half (44.4%) of the available paraffin blocks from liver carcinoma cases (18 cases) demonstrated positivity of HBV antigens in liver tissue. The most interesting feature was the high proportion of thyroid cancers, especially in females. It represented 12.1 percent of all cancers in female and 5.2 percent in male Melanesians in Vanuatu. These percentages were found to be even higher than among Hawaiians for whom the highest incidence rates in the world have been recorded. Since our study was based solely on pathologically diagnosed cases, the findings should be regarded as minimum estimates.
Asia Pac J Public Health 1989
PMID:Cancer occurrence in Vanuatu in the South Pacific, 1980-86. 262 25

Hepatocarcinogenesis is deterministic in transgenic mice expressing in the liver gene construct Alb-DS4 that encodes autocrine growth factor IgEGF (D Stern et al. (1987), Science 235: 321-324), causing their death within 7.1 months. Hepatic expression of construct AAT-myc encoding murine c-myc causes liver cancer in 44% of the mice at 14.8 months. Cooperation of these genes was evident in CD2F1 transgenics bearing Alb-DS4 plus AAT-myc, in which accelerated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation caused death of all mice within 4.4 months. Alb-DS4 also cooperates with the Hcs locus, which in C3H/HeJ mice mediates high susceptibility to spontaneous hepatocarcinogenesis, causing accelerated formation of HCC to which mice succumbed at 5.1 months. Thus, genes that predispose to HCC formation cooperate in transgenic mice and their interaction is a key to understand mechanisms that cause liver cancer.
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PMID:Autocrine mitogen IgEGF cooperates with c-myc or with the Hcs locus during hepatocarcinogenesis in transgenic mice. 786 54

In two cases of childhood hepatocellular carcinoma in Thailand, we established vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus infection as the underlying cause. With the first patient, the family history of HBV carriage became evident and a pedigree could be devised which demonstrated the high prevalence among the family members and hence evidence of vertical transmission. In the case of the second patient, we performed PCR and subsequent direct sequencing of HBV DNA isolated from his HBsAg-positive mother's, as well as from his serum, comparing the nucleotide sequences with those of a pregnant woman diagnosed as an asymptomatic HBV carrier, of another asymptomatic HBV carrier and of a reference strain, respectively, all belonging to the same genotype and subtype as the samples tested. Our results clearly indicate the necessity for nation-wide hepatitis B vaccination starting at birth, at least in hyperendemic areas like the Far East, in order to forestall HBV carriage and ensuing cirrhosis and/or HCC by preventing vertical transmission.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol
PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma: significance of HBV vertical transmission. 987 47

PURPOSE: This article summarizes demographic characteristics of Korean Americans and reviews health issues in this population. METHODS: The authors reviewed census data, monographs, books and medical literature published in the English language. FINDINGS: Korean Americans are one of the fastest growing Asian American groups in the United States. They are a heterogeneous population, differing in their cultural, religious and linguistic norms. Early data suggest that Korean Americans have lower overall mortality rates than the general United States population. However, they have special problems with respect to stomach cancer, liver cancer, hepatitis, mental health, access to health care and other issues. CONCLUSIONS: The health issues of Korean Americans have been generally overlooked until the present time. Examination of these emerging problems should contribute to the future of American health. RELEVANCE TO ASIAN PACIFIC ISLANDER AMERICAN POPULATIONS: This paper is particularly relevant to Korean Americans. KEY WORDS: Korean Americans, health education, hepatitis B, stomach cancer and tuberculosis
Asian Am Pac Isl J Health 1993
PMID:Health Issues in Korean Americans. 1156 50

An attempt has been made to understand the cancer prevalence in eight districts of West Bengal. Special emphasis was on the types of cancer most prevalent among the male and female populations. In this study we have represented the frequency by age and sex of different tumors among 9034 cancer cases registered over five years. Our findings indicate that liver cancer is predominant among males and cancer of the cervix uteri is most prevalent among females. The valuesby age indicate that cancer incidence increased during this study period, especially in Kolkatta.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2002
PMID:Trends of Cancer Prevalence in Some Districts of West Bengal. 1271 81

Hepatitis B virus (HBV), distributed throughout the world, is classified into seven geographically separated genotypes designated A to G. Since the prevalence of HBV infection in isolated ethnic Tibetan populations in China, and the HBV genotypes involved have been hither to remained unclear, we collected 262 blood samples from four isolated villages in the east and west regions of Tibet. The prevalence of HBV infection was estimated by EIA for HBV Ag and HBV Ab. The HBV genotypes were determined by a PCR-microwell plate hybridization method using plasma DNA. The prevalence of HBV Ag and HBV Ab positives was 19.1% (50/262 cases) and 29.0% (76/262 cases), respectively. We detected only the C genotype (20/20 cases), this being known as a predominant type of HBV among Mongoloid populations in Asia. The results revealed, for the first time, that Tibetan villagers have a high rate of infection with HBV of C genotype, in line with the available data for chronic hepatitis and liver cancer.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2001
PMID:High Prevalence of HBV in Tibet, China. 1271 22

Background: The estimated number of carriers of HBsAg (+) in the world significantly increased from 120 to 350 million from the 1970s to the 1990s. Eighty per cent of liver cancers are estimated to be due to chronic HBV infection. However, only limited data are available regarding liver cancer rates among carriers of HBsAg (+). The aim of the present study was to estimate the incidence of liver cancer among carriers of HBsAg (+) in the general population of Hanoi City, Viet Nam. Method: Data were derived from published reports for incidence of liver cancer (population-based cancer registry), the risk of HBV infection for liver cancer (case-control study), and the prevalence of HBV infection (stratified random sampling of the general population) in the same population of Hanoi City. The Method of Indirect Estimation in a Case Control Study was used in this study. Results: Crude incidence rates per 100,000 were 114 and 37 for carriers of HBsAg (+) in males and females, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate per 100,000 among carriers of HBsAg (+) for liver cancer was 166 in males and 58 in females, (ASR, world population). The annual incidence of liver cancer among carriers of HBsAg (+) was strongly correlated with increased age in both males and females: the estimated value sharply increased from 6 to 655 per 100,000 for persons aged 0-9 and 50+, respectively, in males. Similarly, the estimated incidence of liver cancer also sharply increased from 8 to 233 per 100,000 for the age groups 10-19 and 50+, respectively, in females. Conclusion: The present results indicate a high age-dependent incidence of liver cancer among carriers of HBsAg (+) in a general population. These results for Hanoi City, Viet Nam point to the magnitude of the problem and provide a basis for intervention.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2001
PMID:Estimate of the Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among Carriers of HBsAg (+) in the General Population of Hanoi, Viet Nam from 1991-93. 1271 24

Risk factors forPLC due to viral infections and exposure to herbicides have not been available in south Viet Nam. The aim of this study was to clarify geographical differences in cancer incidence of PLC and its risk factors such as HBV and HCV infections and dioxin exposure between Ho Chi Minh (south) and Hanoi (north). Data for cancer incidence of PLC in Ho Chi Minh (1995-96) and Hanoi (1991-93) were used to calculate rate ratios for the two populations. Published reports on the association between HBV, HCV infections, dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) exposed and HCC in Viet Nam were reviewed. Cancer incidence of PLC was found to be higher in HCM than in Hanoi for males (RR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.09-1.36) and in females (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.98-1.49). Risk factors for PLC due to viral infections were seen to be lower in HCM than in Hanoi for patients with HBV infection, (OR = 37.8, 95% CI = 11.6-121.4 VS. OR = 61.7, 95% CI = 30.0-128.0) and also for patients with HCV infection and HBsAg (-), (OR = 6.8, 95% CI = 2.1-22.1 VS. OR = 38.1, 95% CI = 2.8-1443.0). The risk of PLC due to exposure to herbicides was significantly increased for persons who suffered exposure for 10 years or more, OR = 8.8, 95% CI = 1.9-41 independent of HBV infection. Dioxin levels (2,3,7,8-TCDD) in blood samples from people living in the south were more than 2 times higher than in the north (32.6 VS. 15.7 ppt.). Based on the present findings, it is suggested that high incidence of liver cancer in HCM could partly be explained by herbicide exposure.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2001
PMID:Liver Cancer in Viet Nam: Risk Estimates of Viral Infections and Dioxin Exposure in the South and North Populations. 1271 31


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