Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred and sixty-eight patients with unresectable primary liver cancer were prospectively studied by members of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. These patients were randomized to receive treatment with oral 5-Fluorouracil (5FU), oral 5-Fu plus Streptozotocin, oral 5-Fu plus Methyl-CCNU or Adriamycin. The single agent treatments (oral 5-Fu and Adriamycin) were associated with less gastrointestinal toxicity than were the oral 5-Fu treatment combinations. A total of 15 partial responses were reported. Adriamycin appears to be the most active agent and responsible for 9 of the 15 responses. No response was seen in any of the 48 patients randomized to oral 5-Fu alone. The survival associated with oral 5-Fu alone was significantly shorter than the survival time associated with the remaining 3 treatment programs among both North American and South African patients. A multivariate model of survival was formulated. Covariates of prognostic significance were treatment, initial performance status and sex. South African black patients had a shorter survival time than North American black patients. Excluding oral 5-Fu from consideration, prognostic variables appeared to dominate any differences between the remaining treatments under study.
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PMID:Chemotherapy studies in primary liver cancer: a prospective randomized clinical trial. 21 18

Cure of primary liver tumours remains possible only by surgery and early diagnosis will therefore continue to be important; the value of regular screening of cirrhotic patients for development of HCC by ultrasound scanning and estimation of AFP is now established. Prognosis of irresectable HCC depends largely on the general condition of the patient at the time of diagnosis and is better in the absence of cirrhosis. Radiotherapy has little role in the management of patients with HCC, but benefit with acceptable morbidity may be obtained from parenteral chemotherapy, with doxorubicin or its derivatives used as single agents, or with a combination of 5-FU and methyl-CCNU. There may be advantage from regional therapy given via the hepatic artery and early results from the combination of embolization with arterial doxorubicin are encouraging. The use of radiolabelled antibodies to tumour-related determinants of hormonal manipulation show promise. Worthwhile results from the non-surgical management of peripheral (intrahepatic) cholangiocarcinoma and primary hepatic sarcoma remain scarce. Isolated hepatic metastases from colorectal primaries may be resectable; for those that are not, results from regional chemotherapy with 5-FU or FUDR are encouraging, but cost and high morbidity currently limit more general application.
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PMID:Chemotherapy and radiotherapy of malignant hepatic tumours. 303 57

One hundred ninety-two patients with unresectable primary liver cancer studied by members of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) were evaluable in a prospectively randomized clinical trial. Patient discriminants such as performance status were carefully evaluated to assess their influence on prognosis and to evaluate the importance of patient status on response and survival. Patients who were totally bedridden or with signs of overt liver failure were not entered on study. The median survival time for all evaluable previously untreated patients was 17 weeks (19 weeks for North American and European, and 10 weeks for South African black patients). Among the South African patients, however, there was a significantly larger proportion with an initially poor performance status. Prognostic variables (performance status, jaundice, and reduced appetite) dominate any differences among the treatments studied. Among North American and European patients on intravenous (IV) 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) + Methyl-CCNU (MeCCNU) + Adriamycin (ADM, doxorubicin), the 19% response rate is offset by 63% with severe toxicity and a median survival time of only 17 weeks, making this treatment unacceptable clinically. The median survival time of North American and European patients treated with IV 5-FU +/- MeCCNU was 28 weeks in contrast to a median survival time of 12 weeks with ADM (P less than or equal to 0.01). EST 2273 was the ECOG study of patients with primary liver cancer. The results of the first part of the trial were published in 1978. This report updates those findings and reports the results of patients entered subsequently on the second part of that study after it was amended in 1979. With more than 300 evaluable patients in EST 2273, this duet of studies is the largest ever conducted in patients with primary liver cancer, and draws a new baseline from which to measure the disease and its response to treatment.
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PMID:Primary liver cancer. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Trial. 608 19

Twenty Malaysian patients with unresectable primary liver cell cancer were prospectively studied at the General Hospital, Kuala Lampur, and were compared for clinical features with an equal number each of African and American patients being studied by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. The patients received intravenous 5-FU and oral MeCCNU which was used for the first time in an Asian country. Most of the Malaysian patients were Chinese, belonged to younger age groups, and presented with massive hepatomegaly, jaundice, and fever. Toxicity to MeCCNU invariably occurred in the form of leukopenia or thrombocytopenia, but none life threatening. Partial response was seen in 20% of Malaysians as compared to 16% in Americans and none in Africans. Malaysians achieved a median survival of 16 weeks compared to 28 weeks in Americans and only eight weeks in Africans. Malaysian Chinese patients were all HBc Ab + ve. Other factors which may have played an etiologic role in the induction of primary liver cancer included alcohol, Chinese herbal medicines, aflatoxin and habitual use of medicated rubbing oils.
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PMID:Clinical and chemotherapeutic study of hepatocellular carcinoma in Malaysia: a comparison with African and American patients. 628 85

A new method to evaluate the anticancer activity at the molecular level has been developed. In our assay, the interaction between alkylating anticancer drugs-Fe3O4/CA with DNA has been investigated for the Resonance Light Scattering (RLS) signal enhancement. Water-based nano-Fe3O4, as a probe, has the ability of good solubility, biodegradability and low bulk resistivity etc. The experimental results show that, the activity order of three kinds of drugs is Nimustine (ACNU)>Semustine (Me-CCNU)>Chlormethine (HN2), which is satisfied with the results of the cell apoptosis experiment and the IC50 by MTT method. This assay is simple, sensitive and high efficient. And the theoretical basics for the development of new anticancer drugs as well as the assessments of their efficacy to cure breast and hepatic cancer have been provided.
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PMID:The efficacy assessments of alkylating drugs induced by nano-Fe3O4/CA for curing breast and hepatic cancer. 2759 92