Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the evaluation of Chinese herbs (A), ear-acupuncture (B) and epidural morphine (C) to relieve postoperative pain and abdominal distension, sixteen male patients with primary liver cancer were observed. This study was conducted by means of orthogonal experiment and double blind, randomized design. The patients received various treatments according to the display of the orthogonal table L16(2)15 which corresponds to 2(3) factorial experiment design. C+ (morphine 2 mg) was given before the peritoneum was sutured. A+ (orally administered) and B+ were given 24 hours after operation. 50-100 mg of pethidine was given when the pain intensity VAS (0-100) exceeded 50-70. The observation parameters included plasma leucine enkephalin (LEK), postoperative total dosage of narcotics administered for 5 days, VAS for pain and pain reliever, abdominal distension, urinary retention, constipation, etc. The results were as follows: a. Patients who had received A (A+B+C+, A+B+C-, A+B-C-, A+B-C+); C (C+A+B+, C+A+B-, C+A-B+, C+A-B-), or B (B+A+C+, B+A+C-, B+A-C+, B+A-C-) produced better analgesic effects than those who had received placebo. The A, B, and C reduced narcotics 650, 450 and 550 mg respectively when compared with placebo. The effects of A and C were of statistical significance (P < 0.05), while AB, BC, and AC interactions were not found; b. A and B minimized abdominal distension and urinary retention, while C prolonged them. As compared with the placebo, A and B accelerated restoration of bowel peristalsis (P < 0.05, ANOVA). Both A and B decreased it for 165 hours, while epidural morphine prolonged it for 49 hours; and c.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Combined traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Relieving effects of Chinese herbs, ear-acupuncture and epidural morphine on postoperative pain in liver cancer. 808 98

In the present comparative study, we examined an intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with PJ-203 in 60 patients with liver cancer metastasized from gastrointestinal cancer, using an intra-arterial chemotherapy alone as the control. Sixty patients who had been registered by telephone contact were allocated to groups either treated with the intra-arterial chemotherapy alone or with PJ-203 combined, 30 patients each. Mitomycin C was used as the anticancer drug and given at the dose of 8mg/m2 per time. The dose of PJ-203 was 600 +/- 300 mg as degradable starch microspheres. A significantly higher response rate (CR + PR/complete cases) of 54.5% (p = 0.021) was noted in the PJ-203 combined group, as compared to 20.0% for the control group. The 50% survival duration was 282 and 214 days for the PJ-203 combined group and control group, respectively, with no significant difference being noted between the two groups. Principal adverse reactions such as pain, gastrointestinal symptoms and fever were statistically more frequent (p < 0.01) in the PJ-203 combined group than in the control group. Among the abnormal laboratory values, the incidence of decreased leukocytes was significantly lower (p = 0.022) in the PJ-203 combined group than in the control group. One of the patients concomitantly treated with PJ-203 died of drug-induced hepatitis, which was probably attributed to mitomycin C. However, overall utility assessment was significantly better (p = 0.002) in the PJ-203 combined group.
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PMID:[Comparative clinical study in metastatic liver cancer between intra-arterial infusion of mitomycin C alone and intra-arterial infusion of mitomycin C combined with PJ-203 (degradable starch microspheres)]. 821 77

In the present multi-center cooperative phase II study, in which 16 institutions participated, PJ-203 and mitomycin C were concomitantly infused into the hepatic artery of patients with metastatic liver cancer and the tumor response and safety of the combined therapy were examined. Of 81 patients treated with PJ-203, 52 patients were complete cases in which bidimensionally measurable lesions could be assessed for anticancer effect in accordance with the Direct Evaluation Criteria of Chemotherapy. The number of treatments given to the complete cases until the assessment of therapeutic effect ranged from 1 to 11 times, with the mean of 3.1 times. The overall response rate was 48.1% (25/52). The response rate for each primary lesion was 68.8% (11/16) for stomach cancer, 40.7% (11/27) for colorectal cancer and 33.3% (3/9) for other types of cancer including the gallbladder. The 25 patients with CR or PR, a 50% decrease in tumor size was confirmed after the treatment ranged from 1 to 5 times, with the treatment periods of 2 to 3 weeks. Adverse reactions were found in 56 (69.1%) out of 81 patients assessed for safety. Relatively frequent symptoms were pain in 49.4% (40/81), nausea and vomiting in 33.3% (27/81), fever in 30.9% (25/81) and anorexia in 6.2% (5/81). Principal abnormal laboratory values included a transient elevation of GOT (26.3%), GPT (22.5%), LDH (12.7%) and Al-p (8.8%). Blockade of blood flow could be observed by angiography when the amount of PJ-203 infused was in the range from 180 to 900 mg as degradable starch microspheres. The blood flow blockade could be observed most frequently at the amount of 600 mg (37.7%). The period attaining over 50% of tumor response in 25 complete cases was 42 days as a median. After the treatment was initiated in 81 patients, 50% survival duration and one-year survival rate averaged 277 days and 35.7%, respectively. The corresponding figures for each primary cancer were 419 days and 51.0% for patients with liver cancer metastasized from colorectal cancer, against 239 days and 11.8% for those with liver cancer metastasized from stomach cancer.
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PMID:[Multi-center cooperative phase II study of combined infusion of PJ-203 (degradable starch microspheres) into hepatic artery in metastatic liver cancer]. 821 76

Thyroid adenoma is commonly associated with surgery and radiometabolic treatment; recently, according to previous successful reports, percutaneous ethanol injection therapy under sonographic guidance, has been introduced as an alternative. This technique has already been favourably used in the treatment of focal lesions, such as liver cancer and hyperparathyroidism. In our experience, we have treated with such therapy 69 patients affected by thyroid adenoma (55 females, 14 males; 28 pretoxic, 41 toxic). Ethanol (0.5-2.8 mL/mL nodular tissue) was injected, under sonographic guidance, in 4-9 sessions (1 weekly). Thyroid hormone profile was assessed during treatment and at 3 and 6 months follow-up. Apart from local transient pain in 21% sessions, two cases of pyrexia (38.5 degrees-1 day) and 3 cases of transient dysphonia, no relevant adverse effects were observed. A slight thyroid hormone increase was seen in both groups immediately following treatment. Six months after therapy a biochemical and clinical remission of hyperthyroidism was observed in 33 out of 41 toxic patients (80%); a significant increase of TSH levels was seen in both groups (p < 0.001). With follow-up, significant volume shrinkage (70-80% volume reduction--p < 0.0001) as well as structural alterations of the nodule, were consistently recorded at sonography, in both groups; a linear relationship (p < 0.0001) between pretreatment volume and volume reduction was found. At scintiscan functional activity of extranodular parenchyma was found in 75% of patients affected by pretoxic adenoma and in 63.1% of patients with toxic adenoma. These data confirm that percutaneous ethanol injection therapy is effective in obtaining functional ablation and in inducing remission of hyperthyroidism, when present; so it represents a valid and safe alternative to standard therapeutic tools of thyroid adenoma.
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PMID:[Treatment of hyperfunctioning thyroid adenoma: current trends]. 833 Apr 72

Degradable Starch Microspheres (DSM) are spherical starch microspheres prepared from partially hydrolysed potato starch and then cross-linked by epichlorohydrin. PJ-203 is a transient intra-arterial embolic material and suspended in physiological saline at a concentration of 60 mg/ml starch microspheres. In the present multi-center cooperative Phase I clinical study, we examined the embolic effect and safety in patients with primary liver cancer (14 cases) and those with metastatic liver cancer (18 cases). The dose of DSM per patient was 300 mg in one minute. DSM was infused in increments of 300 mg, with a wash-out period of one minute between the increments, until the dose reached 1,200 mg. In addition to these four dose groups, one group consisting of patients with metastatic liver cancer received 900 mg in three minutes without interruption. DSM was infused via a catheter which had been inserted into the hepatic artery by means of the Seldinger method or laparotomy. In either primary liver cancer or metastatic liver cancer patients, a satisfactory embolization could be obtained with 900 mg or more DSM. Also, it was confirmed that the embolic period was one hour before and after. Pain was noted in all the groups. Other frequently observed adverse reaction were nausea.vomiting, anorexia and fever (38-39 degrees C). However, these symptoms improved within several hours or days. There was no dose-related incidence in these symptoms. Reduced blood pressure.weak pulse, pressure.heavy sensation in the right hypochondriac region, discomfort in the abdominal.chest region, or perspiration.cold sweat, were observed in 2 to 3 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Phase I study on infusion of PJ-203 (degradable starch microspheres) into hepatic. PJ-203 Clinical Study Group]. 837 75

To provide the pattern and outcome, 131 patients admitted to Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Department of Surgery, between 1992 and 1996 with a diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal tract (colo-anorectal and small bowel) cancer were analysed. Lower gastrointestinal tract cancer accounted for 30% of all gastrointestinal tract malignancies, excluding hepatic cancer, seen in the Department during the study period. The female to male ratio was 1.0:1.8. The mean age was 47.1 +/- 15.7 (range 17-85) years. Among the 131 cases, 52.7% and 16% were under 50 and 30 years of age, respectively. The mean duration of symptoms on admission was 11.2 +/- 8.9 (range 0.2-43) months. The most frequent clinical features included weight loss (93%), pain (86%), rectal bleeding (79%), tenesmus (74%) and anorectal lesion (62%). Adenocarcinoma accounted for 92% of the pathology. Among 94 surgically staged cases, 63 had Dukes' C and D lesions. The most common site of primary tumours was the rectum (61.1%). Ninety per cent of the cases were operable and of these, 63 had resections with curative intent. Twenty patients refused surgery. There were fifteen postoperative hospital-stay deaths. The mean follow up was 5.7 +/- 3.1 (range 0.2-48) months. Cancer of the lower gastointestinal tract seemed to occur in rather younger age and diagnosis was late.
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PMID:Cancer of the lower gastrointestinal tract: a five year experience in Ethiopia. 980 17

Recently, degradable starch microspheres (DSM) have become available for use in patients with liver cancer in Japan. When DSM combined with a cytotoxic drug are infused through the hepatic artery, the steep drug concentration gradient to the tumor tissue results in a higher tissue drug concentration, which may elicit an increased antitumor response by blocking regional blood flow. Furthermore, the reduced systemic exposure of a coinjected drug can be translated into an increased regional extraction ratio due to blood flow reduction. DSM is infused via a catheter connecting to a subcutaneously implanted reservoir in outpatients. Pain is experienced by all patients. Other frequently observed adverse reactions are nausea and vomiting. However, these symptoms improve within a few hours. These observations indicate that intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with DSM may provide a more potent anticancer effect than a cytotoxic drug alone.
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PMID:[Clinical effectiveness of degradable starch microspheres (DSM) in patients with liver cancer]. 1056 Mar 70

Based on the fact that somatostatin (SST) analogs have given promising results for treatment of hepatocellular cancer, we performed both in vitro and in vivo investigations to define the role of a depot formulation of the long acting SST-analog lanreotide (LAN). A decrease of cells in the S-phase as compared to controls (p<0.03) followed by a significant, dose-dependent induction of apoptosis could be demonstrated in Hep G2 cells along with a dose-dependent influence of the peptide on cellular proliferation. Northern blotting demonstrated the presence of mRNA for SSTR subtypes 2, 3 and 4 in Hep G2 cells, but only slight SSTR expression in normal liver tissue. In addition, 21 untreated patients with advanced HCC not amenable to surgery were administered 30 mg of LAN by deep intramuscular injection every 14 days until documented disease progression. Fifteen of these patients also underwent scanning with commercially available 111In-DTPA-D-Phe1-Octreotide (111In-OCT) to define the in vivo expression of SSTR. No positive 111In-OCT scans were obtained, indicating the absence of relevant amounts of functional SSTR2 in HCC. One patient (5%) showed a partial response to treatment, 8 patients had stable disease (38%), while the remaining patients progressed during treatment. The median survival was 4.2 months (range 1.2-13+), and the median time to progression was 2.5 months (range, 1.5-7+). However, 4 patients (19%) had an increase in WHO performance status lasting between 2.5 and 6 months, 5 patients (24%) had an increase in body weight, while pain markedly improved in 1 additional patient (5%). In total, 5 patients (24%) had a decrease in serum-AFP levels by at least 30%. Our results clearly indicate the ability of LAN to decrease the S-phase fraction along with induction of apoptosis in Hep G2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Our data suggest clinical potential of SST-analogs in HCC and indicate that suboptimal doses of the peptide might have been administered in our series.
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PMID:Treatment of hepatocellular cancer with the long acting somatostatin analog lanreotide in vitro and in vivo. 1081 95

Hyperthermia is performed in combination with chemotherapy as multimodal treatment for recurrent and advanced cancer. It is generally believed that the temperature cannot be raised higher because of thermal stress. In this study, we examined the efficacy of lidocaine cream in protecting against thermal stress during hyperthermia. We devised a new local anesthetic cream containing 5% lidocaine. The subjects were eighteen patients with stomach cancer, liver cancer, or large intestine cancer. This cream was applied locally to the skin with an occlusive dressing for about one hour before hyperthermia was performed, and was wiped away just before hyperthermia. The pain scores in the treatment group were significantly lower than in the no-treatment group (p < 0.05). The scores for sensation of heat in the treatment group were lower, though not to a significant extent, than those in the no-treatment group. No adverse effects were observed. Plasma concentrations of lidocaine were lower than 0.5 microgram/ml, and percutaneous absorption of lidocaine from the lidocaine cream was minimal.
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PMID:[Efficacy of lidocaine cream in protecting against thermal stress during hyperthermia]. 1120 83

Squamous cell liver cancer (SCLC) arising from an epidermoid intestinal cyst is rare. Only 65 cases of this cyst have been reported since 1850, with 2 reported cases of squamous cell cancer. We describe here the case of a 21-year-old man who complained of mild pain, a feeling of fullness in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, and fever and weight loss, who developed SCLC arising from an epidermoid intestinal cyst. The clinical presentation, management, and pathological findings are discussed.
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PMID:Squamous cell liver cancer arising from an epidermoid cyst. 1170 62


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