Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From 1 January 1983 to 1 January 1988, 38 patients were treated for hepatic cancer in the HEINZ-KALK-Hospital. Thirty-one of these had liver metastases due to gastrointestinal cancer and seven had advanced primary hepatocellular cancer. In all patients more than 50% of the liver volume was involved with the tumour or the metastases. Eleven patients with liver metastases of gastrointestinal cancer (excepting colorectal cancer) were treated by intra-arterial hepatic bolus infusion of 750-1000 mg 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by selective catheterisation of the hepatic or superior mesenteric artery after puncture of the right or left femoral artery. The median survival was 13.4 months. In seven patients with advanced primary hepatocellular carcinoma the same therapeutic regime was used. The median survival was 10 months. In the 21 patients with disseminated metastases of previously resected colorectal cancer a catheter was inserted into the gastro-duodenal artery and connected to a subcutaneously placed port. Brief infusions of 750-1000 mg 5-FU were administered for 14 days with a day interruption and thereafter 2 month interruption. There were few side effects and 80% of the patients continued to work or carry on a normal life. The median survival was 14.4 months. Based on this experience we consider hepatic chemoinfusion with 5-FU in gastrointestinal cancer and advanced primary hepatocellular carcinoma is capable of improving quality of life and possibly expectancy.
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PMID:Hepatic chemoinfusion of 5-FU in metastasis of gastrointestinal cancer and advanced primary hepatocellular carcinoma. 131 89

A group of monoclonal antibodies against gastric cancer, pooled in equal proportions, was used to investigate their corresponding antigens (MG-Ags) in serum and body fluid of patients with gastrointestinal cancer and benign diseases using microsphere-ELISA method. The mean serum level (plus 3 standard deviations) in 59 normal subjects was arbitrarily set as the positive threshold value. The positive rate was found to be 68.8% (135/196) in sera of patients with gastric cancer, 70% (14/20) in colonic cancer, 72.2% (24/33) in rectal cancer, 43.8% (7/16) in esophageal cancer, 45.5% (5/11) in cholecystic cancer and 34.9% (15/43) in lung cancer, which, however, was not found in primary liver cancer, pancreatic cancer and ovarian cancer. In 214 patients with benign diseases, a false positive rate was 7.48%. In gastric juice and ascitic fluid of patients with gastric cancer, the positive rates were found to be 61.7% (27/44) and 83.3% (20/24) respectively. These antigens were also determined repeatedly in sera of patients with gastric cancer who had undergone gastrectomy. It was found that the level of MG-Ags in sera began to decrease at 8-10 days after operation. These results suggest that the determination of MG-Ags is useful in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer and evaluation of the treatments.
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PMID:Diagnostic significance of gastric cancer associated antigens (MG-AGS) in serum, ascitic fluid and gastric juice. 206 47

This study presents the main epidemiologic features of general, site and age-specific, and premature mortality due to digestive cancer in Barcelona residents in the 1983-87 period, selecting death certificates where digestive cancer was coded as the primary cause of death (codes 150 to 159 of the ICD-9). Eight percent (6,269) of all deaths were due to malignant neoplasms of the digestive system, representing 30.3% of all deaths due to neoplasms. The main contribution was due to gastric cancer (18.8 cases per 100,000) and colon cancer (17.2 per 100,000), followed by rectal cancer (8.8 per 100,000) and pancreatic cancer (8.7 per 100,000). The annual increase in colon cancer among women--where it is the main digestive cancer site was statistically significant. Premature deaths due to digestive cancer yielded 3.5 years of potential life lost per 1,000 people (21.8% of all premature cancer deaths). In men, most cases of these premature deaths were due to gastric cancer (24.3%), while in women premature deaths were more often due to colon cancer (25.3%). Excess mortality due to esophagus, stomach and liver cancer was observed in Ciutat Vella, the most socioeconomically deprived district in Barcelona.
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PMID:[Digestive cancer mortality in a Mediterranean urban area (Barcelona, 1983-1987)]. 227 35

Recently a glycolipid antigen known as gastrointestinal cancer antigen (GICA) has been proposed as a new seral marker of gastrointestinal and pancreatic tumours. This antigen is specifically recognised by a monoclonal antibody and biologically and immunologically distinguished by carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Out of 438 subjects including: 60 blood donors, 205 patients suffering from digestive tract tumours, subdivided into different organs 21 gastric ca's, 60 colon ca's, 100 pancreatic ca's and 24 liver cancers) 173 subjects with inflammatory gastrointestinal complaints, also divided by organ 18 gastric ulcers, 45 inflamed colons, 60 chronic pancreatitis and 50 liver cirrhosis). GICA and CEA radioimmunoassays were carried out (Sorin GICAK and CEAK) to evaluate sensitivity, specificity and predictive accuracy. Normal threshold levels were set at 30 ng/ml for CEA and 40 mu/ml for GICA. These levels represent the mean + 2DS of levels measured in 260 patients hospitalised for various benign and functional complaints and differ from cancer patient results by the largest amount. All blood donors, whether smokers or not, give lower values than these. Results show GICA gives a lower overall number of false positives than CEA (20% as against 9.6%). GICA diagnostic results were more accurate overall for the entire case sample examined. GICA gave higher percentage positives than CEA for individual tumour types: pancreatic ca (82% v 52%), liver cancer (70.8% v 20.8%) and gastric ca (47.6% v 33%). CEA appears to work better than GICA in the case of colorectal ca's (56% v 41%). Both markers were found to be more sensitive in the presence of tumours with metastases. GICA is the best currently available marker of pancreatic tumours thanks to its sensitivity, specificity and predictive accuracy. Although GICA gave good results in cases of liver cancer, these did not exceed those obtained with alpha foetoprotein. In the other cases of digestive tumours examined, a combination of GICA and CEA investigation techniques appears to be the best non-invasive method currently available for patient follow-up.
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PMID:[Comparison between the gastrointestinal tumor antigen and the carcinoembryonic antigen in diseases of the digestive tract]. 258 13

This article updating cancer chemotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer completes the fivepart series begun in the April issue of the Journal. Treatment of cancer of the small intestine, the gallbladder and bile duct, primary cancer of the liver, and the esophagus are reviewed in this concluding article.Treatment of choice of cancer of the small intestine is surgical resection. Small bowel cancer is less responsive than gastric cancer to chemotherapy. While chemotherapy may produce temporary partial remissions in patients with gallbladder and bile duct cancer, there is no evidence that it produces longterm survival time. In primary liver cancer, surgery is the only curative treatment, but only 30 percent of patients are diagnosed with resectable lesions, and the surgical mortality rate is high. The most active single agents appear to be doxorubicin, fluorouracil, and neocarcinostatin. Data on combination chemotherapy are limited.With carcinoma of the esophagus, 95 percent of patients die of the condition. The standard treatment for locoregional disease is surgical resection and/or radiation therapy. Chemotherapy has been slow to develop; single-agent chemotherapy has been reported to be active in 15 percent of cases with durations of 2 to 5 months. Combination chemotherapy is so recent that data are incomplete as to long-term results of disease-free and total survival times, but polychemotherapy appears to be more effective than single agents.With earlier detection, prompt surgery, earlier chemotherapy, improved dose scheduling, and further exploration of combination therapy, better overall results with a major impact years later may be expected. Because of the lack of data, there remains uncertainty as to the place of chemotherapy in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer.
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PMID:Update in cancer chemotherapy: gastrointestinal cancer, cancer of the small intestines, gallbladder, liver, and esophagus. 353 32

Eighteen patients with advanced metastatic gastrointestinal cancer (stomach cancer 7, liver cancer 9, pancreas cancer 2) were treated with human recombinant interferon alpha-2 at doses of 3.0 X 10(6)-10.0 X 10(6) IU/body i.m. daily or every second day, 30 X 10(6) IU/body for five consecutive days every four weeks, or 30 X 10(6) IU/body once weekly. No tumor response was demonstrated in any of our cases. Among fifteen evaluable cases, nine had stabilization of evaluable disease at four weeks, but six showed progressive disease. On the other hand, fever, chills, fatigue, anorexia, nausea and vomiting were pronounced. In two cases, CNS toxicities developed. In some instances, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, decrease of hemoglobin content and elevation of transaminase were observed. According to these findings, single use of recombinant interferon alpha-2 at the dose schedule outlined above does not seem to be of use for the treatment of advanced gastrointestinal cancer.
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PMID:[Phase II studies of interferon alpha-2 Sch 30500 in advanced gastrointestinal carcinoma]. 389 54

The precision of CA 19-9 RIA kit was evaluated by recovery, reproducibility and dilution test with very satisfactory results. The CA 19-9 value in sera from 52 healthy individuals and from 224 patients with gastric intestinal cancer and other benign disease, showed an increased positive rate in several cases of gastric intestinal cancer. For example, the positive rate in pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer, colo-rectal cancer, gastric cancer, esophagus cancer, primary biliary cirrhosis diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis was 60%, 75%, 55.6%, 45.6%, 20%, 28.6%, 22.7%, 13.7% and 1.7% respectively. By contrast, values from patients with acute hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, fatty liver, gastric duodenal ulcer, pancreatitis, and primary liver cancer were within the normal range. In this study, CA 19-9 RIA were found to be significant as an adjunct in the management of patients with gastrointestinal cancer, especially pancreatic cancer, and bile duct cancer.
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PMID:[Serum determination of CA 19-9 in patients with digestive cancers and its diagnostic evaluation]. 658 10

Among 432 women with primary breast cancer, six (1.4%) were diagnosed as having gastrointestinal cancer more than six months after operation for the breast cancer. This paper presents these six cases. The patients ranged from 56 to 78 years of age at the time of breast cancer surgery, and the interval after surgery until diagnosis of the second cancer ranged from 7 months to 5 years 1 month. The second cancer was gastric cancer in 3, esophageal cancer in 2, and hepatic cancer in 1. All of the 6 patients had received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. The most frequent histological type of breast cancer was solid-tubular carcinoma (3 patients). Three patients died, due to the second cancer, 4 days, 2 months, and 6 months, respectively, after diagnosis of the second cancer, and the other patients are alive 2, 3, and 4 years after diagnosis. The Japanese literature regarding multiple cancer among breast cancer patients is reviewed. It is concluded that care should be taken to examine breast cancer patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, which are likely to be dismissed as a side effect of postoperative chemotherapy.
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PMID:Six cases of heterochronous gastrointestinal cancer preceded by breast cancer. 764 65

In the present comparative study, we examined an intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with PJ-203 in 60 patients with liver cancer metastasized from gastrointestinal cancer, using an intra-arterial chemotherapy alone as the control. Sixty patients who had been registered by telephone contact were allocated to groups either treated with the intra-arterial chemotherapy alone or with PJ-203 combined, 30 patients each. Mitomycin C was used as the anticancer drug and given at the dose of 8mg/m2 per time. The dose of PJ-203 was 600 +/- 300 mg as degradable starch microspheres. A significantly higher response rate (CR + PR/complete cases) of 54.5% (p = 0.021) was noted in the PJ-203 combined group, as compared to 20.0% for the control group. The 50% survival duration was 282 and 214 days for the PJ-203 combined group and control group, respectively, with no significant difference being noted between the two groups. Principal adverse reactions such as pain, gastrointestinal symptoms and fever were statistically more frequent (p < 0.01) in the PJ-203 combined group than in the control group. Among the abnormal laboratory values, the incidence of decreased leukocytes was significantly lower (p = 0.022) in the PJ-203 combined group than in the control group. One of the patients concomitantly treated with PJ-203 died of drug-induced hepatitis, which was probably attributed to mitomycin C. However, overall utility assessment was significantly better (p = 0.002) in the PJ-203 combined group.
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PMID:[Comparative clinical study in metastatic liver cancer between intra-arterial infusion of mitomycin C alone and intra-arterial infusion of mitomycin C combined with PJ-203 (degradable starch microspheres)]. 821 77

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of a vaccine therapy using tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene-transduced autologous tumor cells for the treatment of human gastrointestinal cancers, which tend to have lower immunogenicity than other cancers such as melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. We succeeded in establishing primary cultured tumor cells from 12/54 carcinomatous effusions (4 liver cancer patients, 5 gastric cancer patients, 1 pancreatic cancer patient, and 2 colon cancer patients) and in transducing the TNF gene to the tumor cells by using the retrovirus vector MFG-TNF. Even after irradiation, TNF production (0.3-3.5 U/ml per 10(6) cells per 72 hr) was confirmed for 10 of 12 transfectants, and the other two transduced cells were found to have approximately one TNF gene copy. In 7 of the 12 patients, the cytotoxic activity of killer cells to nontransduced autologous tumor cells incubated with these TNF gene transfectants was augmented. This activity was blocked with anti-HLA class I antibody or BrefeldinA (BFA), suggesting that the killer cells were cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and tumor antigens are presented with HLA class I molecules. Indeed, enhanced expression of HLA class I and/or ICAM-1 molecules on the surface of the TNF gene-transduced tumor cells were observed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Furthermore, natural killer (NK) and/or lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activities determined by using K562 or Daudi cells as targets were also enhanced in some of these cases when they were incubated with TNF gene-transduced tumor cells. These findings indicate the feasibility of using TNF gene-transduced tumor cells as a vaccine in gastrointestinal cancer patients.
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PMID:Augmented antitumor effects of killer cells induced by tumor necrosis factor gene-transduced autologous tumor cells from gastrointestinal cancer patients. 889 81


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