Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three of 42 (7%) monkeys given aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) for longer than 2 years have developed primary malignant neoplasms of the liver. Liver biopsies performed at intervals during aflatoxin administration revealed that neoplasia was preceded by pathologic lesions of the liver, including toxic hepatitis, proliferation of pseudotubules, and hyperplastic nodules. Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels, monitored in one of the monkeys by radioimmunoassay, paralleled tumor growth and recurrence of the hepatocellular carcinoma. Normal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were noted for a monkey with hemangioendothelial sarcoma. Our results implicate AFB1 as a liver carcinogen in monkeys and add additional support to the hypothesis that humans exposed to this substance may be at risk of developing liver cancer.
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PMID:Carcinogenicity of aflatoxin B1 in rhesus monkeys: two additional cases of primary liver cancer. 6 57

In vivo immunogenicity and in vitro species-specific membrane antigens in tumor cells treated or untreated with glutaraldehyde (GA) were studied. Two different syngeneic Syrian hamster transplantable tumor cell lines (spontaneous liver cancer and SV40-induced sarcoma) not only lost immunogenicity after GA treatment but were responsible for enhancement of test-tumor growth in immunized animals. In vitro mixed hemadsorption test used for determination of species-specific membrane antigens in Syrian hamster, green monkey and interspecies hybrid cells revealed drastic alteration of antigens on the membrane of cells treated with GA.
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PMID:Sensitivity of TSTA and species-specific cell membrane antigens of tumor cells to glutaraldehyde treatment. 9 20

As an effective therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic arterial chemo-embolization therapy has been widely used, and many embolizing materials have been extensively investigated. In the present study, we prepared various types of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP) albumin microspheres using chitin and chitosan, both of which have attracted considerable attention as new non-toxic biological polymer materials having favorable characteristics such as immune adjuvant activity, biological compatibility, and biodegradation. Hepatic artery of rabbit hepatic cancer models, which had transplanted VX2 tumors, were embolized with various types of microspheres. The anti-tumor effects and tumor-targeting of the microspheres, and the effects of the microspheres administration on the hepatic tissue were investigated. As a result, anti-tumor activity of the microspheres was increased by the addition of chitin-containing or chitosan treated materials; tumor growth rates of chitin addition and chitosan treated groups were approximately 160% and 120%, respectively, and were significantly lower than that of the non-treatment groups with a rate of approximately 580%. However, complete inhibition of tumor growth might have been impossible. Anti-tumor activity was increased by the addition of chitin-containing or chitosan treated materials. Whereas the growth inhibitory effect was insufficient, in order to potentiate anti-tumor activity, higher CDDP contents and sustained release of CDDP at a high level from microsphere and so on should be essentially improved for the near future. The CDDP level in hepatic tissue following the administration of microspheres was increased by adding chitin to the microspheres or by treating the microspheres with chitosan.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A study of embolizing materials for chemo-embolization therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: antitumor effect of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) albumin microspheres, containing chitin and treated with chitosan on rabbits with VX2 hepatic tumors. 146 14

To investigate therapeutic strategies for hepatoma, it is necessary to have a reproducible animal model with a tumor growth pattern allowing accurate assessment of results. Many techniques of intrahepatic tumor implantation (IHTI) have been devised for intrahepatic tumor models. Most of them, however, have the disadvantage of high rates of artificial tumor dissemination during tumor implantation, which interferes with the evaluation of therapy. To overcome this problem, we have developed a technique of IHTI in which a piece of Gelfoam is placed into a small incision in the liver for the purpose of both hemostasis and formation of a tension-free pocket to accept the tumor implant. In 583 ACI rats receiving IHTI with Morris hepatoma 3924A, the tumor take rate was 100%. Resembling the natural course of human hepatoma, the implanted tumor grows locally early in the course of disease and eventually invades the surrounding organs causing ascites and also metastasizes to the lung. Liver microangiography demonstrated that the tumor received blood supply mainly from the hepatic artery. This IHTI technique was also compared to two other methods of IHTI: insertion of fragments without using Gelfoam and implantation with a tumor cell suspension. A significantly lower rate of early lung metastases was achieved with our technique (0%) in comparison with other two techniques (41 and 80%). We conclude that this rat liver cancer model is reproducible and allows efficient evaluation of treatment modalities for liver cancer without interference from tumor at undesirable sites.
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PMID:A reproducible rat liver cancer model for experimental therapy: introducing a technique of intrahepatic tumor implantation. 153 93

After cis-diamminedichloroplatinum ethylcellulose microcapsules (CDDPmc) and unencapsulated CDDP were infused into the hepatic arteries of New Zealand rabbits, both CDDP concentrations in the circulating blood and in hepatic tissue were measured at different time intervals. In the rabbits infused with CDDPmc, the CDDP concentration was maintained at a high level for a significantly longer time in the hepatic tissue and the maximum CDDP level in the circulating blood was greatly reduced, as compared with those in the rabbits infused with unencapsulated CDDP. The tumoricidal effects of arterial infusion of CDDPmc were also evaluated in a model of liver tumor in rats. The therapeutic effects on rat liver tumor of CDDPmc were superior to those of unencapsulated CDDP and blank ethylcellulose microcapsules. The rats treated with CDDPmc showed a significantly lower tumor growth ratio, more extensive tumor necrosis and longer survival time. The results of this study indicate that CDDPmc is a more potential dosage from than conventional CDDP for hepatic arterial infusion in the treatment of liver cancer.
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PMID:Hepatic arterial chemoembolization with CDDP microcapsules. Experimental studies. 159 70

Anti-tumor activity of cisplatin-capsulated microspheres with ethylcellulose (CDDPmc) was studied in Wistar rat bearing transplantable hepatocellular cancer. Seven days after inoculation into the rat's liver, normal saline, conventional cisplatin, placebo ethylcellulose microsphere and CDDPmc at comparable doses were infused into the proper hepatic artery. The results indicated that the rats treated with CDDPmc had a significantly slower tumor growth, more extensive tumor necrosis and longer survival as compared with the three other groups. It is suggested that the tumoricidal effect of arterial chemoembolization with CDDPmc be superior to arterial chemotherapy or embolization alone in the treatment of liver cancer.
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PMID:[Hepatic arterial infusion of cisplatin microspheres for transplantable hepatocellular carcinoma in rats]. 165 90

Twenty-seven liver cancer biopsies (20 hepatocellular carcinomas, 4 metastatic liver cancers and 3 cholangiocellular carcinomas) were obtained using a 21-gauge fine needle biopsy guided by ultrasonography. These cancers were subcutaneously transplanted to the subrenal capsular region of BDF1 mice premedicated with immunosuppressive agents to modulate the host immune reaction. The SRCA was based on the change in tumor size (delta TS) and the tumor growth inhibition rate (TGIR). The transplantation rate of the 27 liver cancer specimens was 85% by delta TS and 67% by TGIR. The efficacy rates of Adriamycin, cis-platinum, and mitomycin were respectively 71%, 58%, and 43% by delta TS, and 73%, 56% and 50% by TGIR. Thus, liver cancer specimens obtained by fine needle biopsy and examined by SRCA had a fairly high transplantation rate, and this method can be useful for patients with inoperable liver cancer, as a general chemosensitivity test for anticancer drugs.
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PMID:Subrenal capsule assay using liver cancer specimens obtained by fine needle biopsy. 166 8

Preparation of methotrexate microsphere (MTX-ms) by emulsion-freezing technique was introduced and the experimental results proved that MTX entrapped in the microspheres exhibited good stabilities towards temperature, cobalt-60 radiation and light. The dissolution and inflation rate of the microspheres in pH 7.4 buffer solution at different times measured by Coulter counter was presented. Antitumor activity of MTX-ms after hepatic arterial embolization was examined in a model of liver tumor in Wistar rats. The group of rats treated with MTX-ms showed a rather significant reduction in tumor growth and more extended tumor necrosis as compared with the other groups, e.g. normal saline solution, MTX solution, placebo gelatin-ms and the results demonstrate that the effect of arterial chemoembolization used by MTX-ms is superior to that of the groups either using arterial chemotherapy or arterial embolization alone in treating rat liver cancer.
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PMID:[Study on targeting drug delivery system--the characteristics of methotrexate microsphere and experimental treatment of hepatic tumor in rats by arterial embolization]. 195 76

The tumor growth of Walker-256 implanted sc. on dorsum side of hindpaw of Wistar rat were suppressed by warmed (43 degrees C) water immersion. Antitumor effects of hyperthermia were increased by injection (a.i.) of saline mixed with noradrenaline (5 mcg). Although tumors in advanced stage group (D-8) are larger in size and more tumor vascularity than in early stage group (D-4), hyperthermic cytotoxicity were observed in D-8 but not observed in D-4. The hyperthermic energy injured the tumor vessels, which failed to flow the blood to the tumor cells and resulted in sever cytotoxic damage of Walker-256. Therefore, cytotoxic damage could be enhanced by injecting warmed water (43 degrees C) into tumor vessels after chemotherapy (MMC; 0.5 mg/kg) in D-8. Metastatic liver cancer was treated with thermochemotherapy. 5% of glucose warmed (43 degrees C) mixed with 0.1 mg of noradrenaline and heparin was administered into hepatic artery after chemotherapy (2 to 6 mg of MMC a.i.).
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PMID:[Enhancing hyperthermic cytotoxicity in Walker-256 by intraarterial injection of warmed saline]. 210 8

Prognostically relevant factors and treatment were analysed in 103 patients suffering from primary epithelial liver tumors (88 HCC, 15 CCC). Ninety of them underwent operations: 14 liver transplantations, 32 resections, 44 explorative laparotomies. The resection rate was 38%, the 30-day mortality in transplantation 14%, in resection 22%. The 5-year survival after resection was about 25%. Liver transplantation resulted in 50% 1-year and 40% 2-year survival. Long-term prognosis was positively influenced by cirrhosis and formation of a tumor capsule. Indications for operative management depend only on extension of tumor growth and concomiting liver cirrhosis as biology of epithelial liver tumors is poorly understood.
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PMID:[Prognosis and therapy of primary epithelial liver tumors. Evaluating a personal patient sample]. 217 93


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