Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-HCC) in 26 patients with nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria of 6.5 g/24 h +/- 0.8 SEM) ranged between 1 and 18.6 ng/ml (8.6 +/- 1.0 SEM). This value was significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than that in normal subjects (21.8 +/- 2.3 ng/ml) and patients with chronic renal failure (24.8 +/- 2.3 ng/ml). There was inverse correlation (P less than 0.01) between levels of 25-HCC and magnitude of proteinuria and a direct relation (P less than 0.01) with serum albumin. Reduction in proteinuria was rapidly followed by a rise in blood 25-HCC toward normal. Ionized calcium levels were low in 16 of 26 nephrotic patients irrespective of degree of renal failure. In four of seven nephrotic patients with normal renal function, ionized calcium levels were low and showed an inverse relation with levels of parathyroid hormone. These data show that patients with nephrotic syndrome have low blood levels of 25-HCC probably due to its loss in urine. This derangement is probably responsible for the disorders of calcium metabolism in nephrosis.
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PMID:Blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in nephrotic syndrome. Studies in 26 patients. 93 Dec 2

Forty-one patients with cirrhosis and tense ascites were randomized to receive daily paracentesis of 5 liters associated with Dextran 70 as volume expander (6 g for each 1000 ml of ascites removed) (group I = 20 patients) or paracentesis with albumin (6 g for each 1000 ml of ascites) (group II = 21 patients). The basal clinical features, laboratory data, and plasma renin activity were similar in both groups. The volume of ascites removed was 12.9 +/- 4.4 and 10.9 +/- 3.7 liters in group I and II, respectively (n.s.). No significant changes were observed in liver and renal function tests, KPTT, platelet count, factor VIII, serum electrolytes or plasma renin activity 24 and 96 h after the last paracentesis in both groups, except for a decrease in bilirubin in group I and a transient increase of serum albumin in group II. Four patients developed complications in each group, mainly hyponatremia, while one patient in each group developed renal impairment. One patient from group I died with hepatic encephalopathy. Moreover, the probability of survival and readmission to the hospital because of tense ascites were similar in both groups of patients during the follow-up. The treatment cost with Dextran 70 was 15.50 dollars vs. 364.30 dollars with albumin for each patient treated. These results indicate that repeated large volume paracentesis associated with Dextran 70 is as effective and safe as paracentesis associated with albumin in cirrhotic patients with tense ascites. However, due to its reduced cost, paracentesis with Dextran 70 may be considered the treatment of choice in cirrhotic patients with tense ascites without liver cancer and renal failure.
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PMID:Paracentesis with Dextran 70 vs. paracentesis with albumin in cirrhosis with tense ascites. Results of a randomized study. 138 24

The clinic use of streptonigrin (114B), a highly active antitumor antibiotic, is limited by its detrimental effects on normal tissues. In an attempt to improve its specificity streptonigrin was conjugated to anti-human hepatoma monoclonal antibody 3A5 by four different chemical linkage methods. The first method was via water-soluble carbodiimide (EDCI) to create conjugates (1); in the second, an active ester of streptonigrin was applied as a reactive intermediate (2); and in the other two, spacers were put to use for coupling streptonigrin to McAb 3A5-Dextran T-40 (3) or McAb 3A5-bovin serum albumin (BSA) (4). The conjugates showed biological activities and UV spectral characteristics of streptonigrin and 3A5. As determined by clonogenic assay with human hepatoma BEL-7402 cells for 1 hour exposure, the IC50 for conjugate (2), conjugate (3) and streptonigrin were 0.355 ng/ml, 1.23 ng/ml and 22.4 ng/ml, respectively. The potency of conjugates (2) and (3) were 63-fold and 18-fold stronger than that of free streptonigrin. Clonogenic assay with KB cells which weakly react with 3A5 by Elisa showed that the potency of conjugate (2) and (3) were 11-fold and 13-fold weaker than free streptonigrin, respectively. The results suggest that the conjugates of McAb 3A5 and streptonigrin show specific cytotoxicity to target liver cancer cails. The linkage groups of streptonigrin were also discussed.
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PMID:[Preparation and biological activities of monoclonal antibody-streptonigrin immunoconjugates]. 144 81

Serum levels of alpha-1-Antitrypsin(AAT) were determined in 42 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), 5 patients with metastatic liver cancer from stomach adenocarcinoma, 10 patients with liver cirrhosis, 10 patients with chronic hepatitis, and 66 controls by rocket immunoelectrophoresis using rabbit antiserum. The mean level of serum AAT was 225.5 +/- 73.0 mg/dl in 66 controls. The serum AAT in patients with HCC was 428.7 +/- 123.3 mg/dl, which was significantly higher than those in the controls and in patients with liver cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis(p less than 0.02). The level of AAT in metastatic liver cancer was similar to that in HCC. The positive cut-off value for elevation of serum AAT in this study was determined as above 445 mg/dl, the mean plus 3 standard deviations in the controls. Elevations of serum AAT were observed in 54.8%, 60.0%, and 10.0% of patients with HCC, metastatic liver cancer, and liver cirrhosis, respectively, while none of the patients with chronic hepatitis or the controls was positive. The serum AAT levels in 42 patients with HCC were analyzed with regard to sex, age, serum albumin, HBsAg, alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), and diameter of HCC, with no significant differences being observed between these factors and the serum AAT levels except for the diameter of the HCC. The positive rate in the HCC with a diameter of 10 cm or more was 74.1%, which was a significantly higher rate compared with 20.0% in the HCC with diameters less than 10cm. The positive rate of AFP for HCC was 61.9%, when 500 ng/ml of AFP was used as the cut-off value.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Clinical usefulness of alpha-1-antitrypsin in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. 166 67

Aflatoxin B1 is suspected as an etiologic factor in the increased risk for primary liver cancer among workers in animal-feed processing plants in Denmark. Aflatoxin bound to serum albumin was therefore measured for feed-processing workers. Blood samples were collected immediately after vacation and after four weeks of work, and aflatoxin was quantified by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. Seven of 45 individuals with an estimated exposure of 64 ng aflatoxin B1.d-1.kg-1 body weight were positive. Three positive workers had been unloading a cargo with an aflatoxin B1 level of 26 micrograms.kg-1 raw material. The exposure level correlated well with the job titles. Dust samples collected at different sites showed considerable variation in the amount of aflatoxin B1 (nondetectable to 8 micrograms.kg-1 dust). The exposure to aflatoxin B1 may only partially explain the increased risk of liver cancer.
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PMID:Determination of exposure to aflatoxins among Danish workers in animal-feed production through the analysis of aflatoxin B1 adducts to serum albumin. 178 37

The release profiles of a free polyunsaturated fatty acid, alpha-linolenic acid, from solutions in an oily lymphographic agent Lipiodol-Ultra-Fluid (Lipiodol), to rabbit and human plasma, phosphate buffer solution (PBS), and PBS containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) were examined in vitro. The times required for 50% release of alpha-linolenic acid from Lipiodol were about 1 and 1.5 h in the rabbit and human plasma, respectively. Although only a slight amount of alpha-linolenic acid was released from Lipiodol to PBS after 24 h incubation at 37 degrees C, release was markedly enhanced by the addition of BSA to PBS. The amount of alpha-linolenic acid released from Lipiodol into PBS containing 5% BSA increased as the alpha-linolenic acid content in Lipiodol was increased. In all experiments, the release had stopped before all alpha-linolenic acid had been released. The prolongation of alpha-linolenic acid release from Lipiodol is considered a requisite for a selective anticancer effect of Lipiodol containing a free fatty acid on liver cancer.
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PMID:Release characteristics of a free polyunsaturated fatty acid from an oily lymphographic agent. 196 16

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure from the diet is a major risk factor for the development of liver cancer in people living in regions of China and Africa. Rapid methods to assess the exposure status of these individuals to genotoxic damage imparted by AFB1 will be very important for cancer prevention strategies. Serum albumin is a readily accessible target protein for AFB1 and we report here the development of an accurate and sensitive method to quantitate the major AFB1 serum albumin adduct, aflatoxin-lysine, from less than 100 microliters of serum by combined immunoaffinity chromatography/high-performance liquid chromatography (IAC/HPLC) with fluorescence detection. For this method, serum is digested with Pronase and the adducts are purified by monoclonal antibody IAC and quantified by HPLC. Analysis of human serum samples obtained from an exposed population revealed a highly significant correlation coefficient (up to 0.82 for male samples) between aflatoxin-lysine adduct levels and AFB1 consumption. These data suggest that aflatoxin-lysine is an excellent molecular dosimeter for exposure assessment. To determine whether the liver is the sole site of aflatoxin-albumin adduct formation, preliminary experiments with isolated perfused rat liver were done. These data showed that AFB1 metabolites covalently react not only with albumin in the hepatocyte, but also with circulating proteins in the perfusate. This suggests that a reactive aflatoxin metabolite secreted by the liver may form serum albumin adducts in circulating blood. Taken together, the analysis of aflatoxin-lysine could prove a very useful tool for epidemiological studies.
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PMID:The aflatoxin-lysine adduct quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography from human serum albumin samples. 212 83

Arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR) were examined in 114 cases of hepato-biliary tract diseases. AKBR of the normal control was 1.47 +/- 0.38, while it remained less than 0.7 in liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), alcoholic liver diseases and malignant biliary tract obstruction. AKBR correlated well with serum albumin and cholinesterase. Thirty five cases of HCC were treated with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), 20 cases with gelatin sponge and 15 cases without gelatin sponge. In cases with gelatin sponge AKBR decreased significantly immediately after TAE and recovered gradually during 24 hours. Without gelatin sponge AKBR decreased slightly and remained unchanged until 24 hours later. Concerning the prognosis after TAE, AKBR recovered well in cases with good prognosis, while in poor prognosis AKBR progressively decreased to below 0.3. In experimental TAE with gelatin sponge using rabbit VX2-induced liver tumor, AKBR decreased significantly. In fatal rabbit group after TAE, AKBR decreased progressively. Plasma endotoxin was also measured in TAE with experimental rabbit, AKBR and endotoxin showed reverse correlation. From these results it was suggested that the measurement of AKBR is very useful for the evaluation of efficacy and prognosis of TAE in primary liver cancer.
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PMID:[Changes in arterial ketone body ratio after transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma-clinical and experimental studies]. 217 Jul 13

An immunoassay now permits the determination of human exposure to aflatoxin at an individual level and consequently allows a better assessment of the role of aflatoxin, and its interaction with hepatitis B virus infection, in the aetiology of liver cancer. Measurements of aflatoxin bound to serum albumin in children and adults from various African countries show that between 12 and 100% contain aflatoxin-albumin adducts, with levels up to 350 pg AFB1-lysine equivalent/mg albumin. In Thailand, lower levels and prevalence of this adduct were observed, while no positive sera were detected from France or Poland. Data are presented showing that exposure to this carcinogen can occur throughout life and the relevance of these observations to the understanding of the multifactorial aetiology of liver cancer in these countries is discussed.
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PMID:Aflatoxin-albumin adducts in human sera from different regions of the world. 226 78

Antipyrine (AP) clearance was determined in 23 cases with liver cirrhosis (LC), 12 with chronic active hepatitis (CAH), 12 with hepatocellular carcinoma (mcHCC), 20 with non-hepatic diseases and 70 healthy controls. ICG Clearance was performed simultaneously in 9 cases of them. The results showed that AP clearance was significantly decreased in patients with LC and moderately decreased in CAH and HCC, its diagnostic sensitivity in LC was significantly higher than that of GPT. The significant positive correlation between the AP and ICG clearance was noted and AP clearance also well correlated with serum albumin level and prothrombin time. It is suggested that AP clearance may be used as a quantitative test to determine the reserve capacity of liver and as a substitutive test for ICG clearance.
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PMID:[Evaluation of antipyrine clearance in chronic liver diseases]. 255 53


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