Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred eight patients have undergone major hepatic resection by the senior author during the eight year period April 1970 to April 1978. Primary liver cancer was present in 36; metastatic colorectal cancer in 25, miscellaneous metastatic cancers in 15, hepatoblastoma in 5, gallbladder cancer in 4, and bile duct cancer in 3. Benign tumors, principally giant hemangioma, were resected in 20 additional patients. The 30 day operative mortality rate was 9% overall. Prior to 1975, 41 of the resections were done using the vascular isolation perfusion technique. The operative mortality rate of 17% for this technique is a reflection of early experience and the advanced stage of disease of many patients. The operative mortality for the standard resection has been only 4%. Subphrenic abscess has developed in only 13% of patients during the past three years. Postoperative hospitalization has been shortened, being a median of 13 days. The resectability rate for malignant disease was 33%. Forty-six percent of the resections were performed with curative intent. Fifty-four per cent were palliative, performed in individuals with regional spread or distant metastasis. After curative surgery, three year survival was 88% for individuals with primary liver cancer and 72% with metastatic colorectal cancer. After palliative resection, the rates were 31 and 0%, respectively. The three year survival rate is 46% overall, being 81% for the curative resection group and 18% for the palliative group. Tumor markers proved useful in monitoring patients after hepatic resection.
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PMID:Major hepatic resection for neoplasia: personal experience in 108 patients. 8 Jan 63

We measured urinary levels of free L-fucose in healthy subjects, patients with benign diseases, and patients with cancer using an automated analyzer and a newly isolated L-fucose dehydrogenase, and evaluated the clinical usefulness of the results. The values obtained were corrected for urinary creatinine as micromoles per gram of creatinine. The cutoff value, set at the mean + 2SD for the healthy subjects, was 250 mumol/g.Cr. Patients with gallbladder cancer, bile-duct cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, or cirrhosis of the liver had significantly higher levels of L-fucose than the healthy subjects. The diagnostic sensitivity for these five diseases, taken together, was 68% (144/213). Specificity for the detection of cancer was calculated by use of false positives for patients with cholelithiasis, hepatitis, and pancreatitis: it was 73% (76/104). Diagnostic accuracy for these seven diseases taken together was therefore 69% (220/317). We compared the positive ratio of the L-fucose level with that of the tumor markers AFD and CA19-9. The positive ratio of an L-fucose value above the cutoff was higher than the positive ratio of either marker in bile-duct cancer, gallbladder cancer, liver cancer, and pancreatic cancer. The results suggested that the urinary levels of free L-fucose reflected the metabolism of sugar chains of glycoconjugates, and may be usefully clinically as a tumor marker.
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PMID:[Clinical assessment of urinary free L-fucose levels]. 140 61

Thirty-two patients with inoperable hepatic cancer underwent intra-arterial hepatic infusion using mitomycin C (MMC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or intra-arterial hepatic chemoembolization using heated albumin microspheres containing MMC with an average diameter 45 +/- 8 micron. Nineteen of the 32 patients received the MMC microsphere treatment and another 13 received the conventional infusion treatment, lasting for 3.4 months. The administered doses of MMC microspheres were 11.7 +/- 11.1 mg as MMC in the 12 with metastatic cancer and 6.9 +/- 2.1 mg as MMC in the 7 with hepatocellular cancer (HCC). On the contrary, the 13 patients who underwent conventional infusion had average doses of MMC 34.5 +/- 17.3 mg and of 5-FU 13.4 +/- 7.7 g, over 3.4 months. An objective tumor response was obtained in 13/19 (68.4%) under MMC microsphere chemoembolization, compared to 6/13 (46.2%) under the conventional infusion. The average level of CEA in the 12 with metastatic cancer, who underwent MMC microsphere therapy, dropped from 57.7 ng/ml to 16.5 ng/ml, while that in the 10 patients on conventional infusion dropped from 24.0 ng/ml to 17.4 ng/ml; that of alpha-fetoprotein dropped in all 7 with HCC on MMC microsphere chemoembolization, compared to a fall in 1/3 on conventional infusion. With the MMC microsphere treatment, 5 patients from colorectal cancer lived for 15.6 +/- 7.6 months, 2 are alive with a long life expectancy; and 7 patients from gastric or pancreatic cancer lived for only 9.3 +/- 3.3 months. In case of conventional infusion, 6 patients from colorectal cancer survived for 8.6 +/- 3.2 months; and 4 patients from gastric or gallbladder cancer survived for 6.0 +/- 1.0 months. The MMC microsphere treatment is superior at P = 0.059 in survival duration to the conventional infusion treatment. However, much the same survival occurred in 7 on MMC microsphere chemoembolization and 3 on continuous infusion.
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PMID:Biodegradable mitomycin C microspheres given intra-arterially for inoperable hepatic cancer. With particular reference to a comparison with continuous infusion of mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil. 241 82

Based on the overall results of a UFT phase II study made in 104 institutions in Japan from April of 1979 to September of 1980, there was a response rate of 27.7% with 3 CR cases and 49 PR cases out of 188 stomach cancer cases considered as evaluable according to solid cancer chemotherapy direct efficacy criteria. Other response rates were spleen cancer 25%, gallbladder cancer 25%, liver cancer 19.2%, colorectal cancer 25%, breast cancer 32% and lung cancer 7%. Side effects out of 551 cases were, loss of appetite 24.3%, nausea/vomiting 12.5%, diarrhea 11.1% and other digestive system symptoms mainly. The hematologic side effects were mild, being 6.9%. According to the UFT phase II study, in 438 evaluable cases followed for 5 years after testing, the results were analyzed in terms of therapeutic efficacy and survival time. In 185 stomach cancer cases, 50% survival time was 185 days, with CR + PR cases 336 days, MR + NC cases 183 days, and PD cases 97 days. Colorectal cancer showed a 50% survival time of 227 days in 54 cases, while that for 49 breast cancer cases was 505 days. Total Ftorafur (FT) results using the same criteria from the UFT phase II study revealed, from a comparison of dosage and disease type, that UFT did not enhance FT side effects; rather, it markedly increases effectiveness. Therefore, on the basis of its response rate and the survival time for the cases of digestive system cancer, UFT is considered an effective anticancer agent.
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PMID:[Report on nationwide pooled data and cohort investigation in UFT phase II study]. 311 85

This phase 2 study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy with mitomycin C (SIAC) in patients with liver and gallbladder cancer and compare them to hepatic artery ligation (HAL) and regional chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Survival time was related to the percent hepatic replacement (PHR) of the tumour (P less than 0.01) in all patients. SIAC had no advantage over HAL +/- 5-FU as chemotherapy regimen for unresectable liver cancer. The overall response rate of SIAC was 42% (15/36), 27% (3/11) for primary liver cancer, 40% (8/20) for hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer and 60% (3/5) for carcinoma of the gallbladder. The patients who responded to SIAC survived significantly longer (P less than 0.005). The survival rate for responders at 1 year was 68% and for non-responders 26%. Chemotherapy toxicity after SIAC occurred in 16 (44%) patients requiring cessation of therapy in 6 (16%) patients. We conclude that the results of this phase 2 clinical trial were not encouraging. There is an urgent need for reliable means of predicting tumour response to chemotherapy and for a more careful patient selection.
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PMID:Superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy with mitomycin C in liver and gallbladder cancer. 312 85

Selective deposition of lipiodol in primary and metastatic liver cancer, lung cancer, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer and renal cancer was elucidated by plain X-ray film and CT. Selective delivery of anticancer agent, SMANCS was also proved by measurement of its biological activities of removed specimen. Because of these selective delivery of anticancer agent and embolization of neovasculature in the tumor, highly effective chemotherapy of unresectable cancer was established. Drug was given via celiac, the hepatic, bronchial or renal artery mostly 1-5 mg in 1-5 ml of lipiodol once every 3-8 weeks. Antitumor effects of this therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed based on decrease in AFP levels (92% of the cases), reduction in tumor size (90% of the cases) and histology. In 76 percent of the patients with the other malignant solid tumors reduction in tumor size was recognized. Decrease in CEA level occurred in 88 percent of the cases with metastatic liver cancer and lung cancer. Major side effect was transient fever in about 50% of cases. Mitomycin C and aclarubicin dissolved in lipiodol showed remarkable antitumor effects for experimental liver cancer.
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PMID:[Arterial administration of SMANCS and other antitumor agents dissolved in lipiodol for various malignant solid tumors]. 609 18

Twenty patients with primary or metastatic liver cancer were treated on a clinical and pharmacological study with intrahepatic artery infusion of Thiotepa. Toxicity was tolerable and included nausea and fatigue. Uncommon side effects were myelosuppression, abdominal pain and anemia. One patient with gallbladder cancer had a partial response for 11 (+) months. Recommended dose of Thiotepa for future Phase II clinical trials is 1.0 mg/kg. Pharmacokinetics of intrahepatic Thiotepa revealed an extraction ratio similar to that reported for cisplatin. The data suggest increased hepatic clearance for Thiotepa either by binding or metabolism.
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PMID:Clinical and pharmacological study of intrahepatic artery infusion of thiotepa. 781 48

The relationship between family history of selected neoplasms in first-degree relatives and the risk of pancreatic, liver, and gallbladder cancer was investigated using data from a case-control study conducted in northern Italy on 320 histologically confirmed incident cases of liver cancer, 58 of gallbladder cancer, 362 of pancreatic cancer, and 1408 controls admitted to the hospital for acute, nonneoplastic, nondigestive tract disorders. Significant associations were observed between family history of hepatocellular carcinoma and primary liver cancer [relative risk (RR) = 2.4; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3 to 4.4], between family history of pancreatic cancer and pancreatic cancer (RR = 3.0; 95% CI, 1.4 to 6.6), and between family history of gallbladder cancer and gallbladder cancer (RR = 13.9; 95% CI, 1.2 to 163.9). The elevated risk of liver cancer associated with family history was not materially modified by adjustment for tobacco, alcohol, and personal history of cirrhosis and hepatitis (RR = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5 to 5.3). Similarly, the risk for pancreatic cancer did not appreciably change after allowance for tobacco, alcohol, dietary factors, and medical history of diabetes and pancreatitis (RR = 2.8; 95% CI, 1.3 to 6.3). This pattern of risk would support the existence of a genetic component in the familial aggregation of liver and pancreatic cancer. In terms of population attributable risk, approximately 3% of the newly diagnosed liver and pancreatic cancers would be related to this familial component.
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PMID:Family history and the risk of liver, gallbladder, and pancreatic cancer. 801 68

The results of superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy with Mitomycin C (SIAC) in cases of hepatic neoplasms continue to be poor. Survival time was related to the percentage of hepatic replacement (PHR) but only 19% of the patients with Stage I tumours (PHR < 25%) survived for over 5 years and all the others died within 4 years. The patients with hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer achieved a significantly better cumulative 5-year survival figure than those with hepatocellular cancer (P < 0.05). The median survival times for patients with hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer, hepatocellular cancer and gallbladder cancer were 15 months, 6 months and 13 months, respectively. The overall response rate was only 27% (26/97), that for primary liver cancer 20% (7/35), that for hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer 22% (8/37) and that for gallbladder cancer 44% (11/25) and the patients who responded to SIAC (n = 27) had a significantly better cumulative 5-year survival rate (P < 0.005). Cessation of SIAC was necessary in 74% (72/97) of the cases, because of tumour progression in 53% (51/97), major complications in 19% (18/97) and patient refusal in 3% (3/97). The results of this trial may be regarded as disappointing, and we are going to use SIAC for Stage I tumours only. Resection of the tumour continues to provide the only chance of a permanent cure with these patients.
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PMID:Superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy with mitomycin C in hepatic neoplasms. 839 9

Cancer of the oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, liver, gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas was studied in the Inuit populations of Alaska, Canada and Greenland. Indirect standardization to the populations in Canada, Connecticut (USA) and Denmark was used. High risk of oesophageal cancer was observed in both sexes with standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of up to 7. An increased risk of colon and rectum cancer occurred among Alaskan Inuit compared with the Inuit populations in Canada and Greenland, which had lower rates. Liver and gallbladder cancer rates were high, with SIRs of 1.5 to 4.1, whereas there were no differences in pancreatic cancer in the populations compared. Dietary habits, alcohol and tobacco consumption are believed to play an important role in most of the observed cancer patterns, but for liver cancer hepatitis B virus infection is also believed to have a causal role.
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PMID:Cancer of the digestive system in Circumpolar Inuit. 881 62


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