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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study in Swaziland to assess the possible relationship of aflatoxin contamination and the incidence of primary liver cancer is reported. Aflatoxin ingestion levels have been determined in "food from the plate" samples collected over a 1-year period. A significant correlation between the calculated ingested daily dose and the adult male incidence of primary liver cancer in different parts of Swaziland has been established. Samples of foodstuffs other than the plate samples also reflected the correlation of aflatoxin contamination and liver cancer. This study extends and amplifies the findings of an earlier study in the Murang'a district of Kenya and supports the hypothesis that aflatoxin ingestion is a factor in the genesis of primary liver cancer in Africa.
Int J Cancer 1976 Feb 15
PMID:Dietary aflatoxins and human liver cancer. A study in Swaziland. 124 3

Adriamycin is a new anticancer antibiotic with a wide spectrum of activity against solid tumours. The results obtained with this agent in 159 patients with histologically confirmed advanced metastastic malignancies are reported. Encouraging results were obtained in patients with sarcomas of bone and soft tissue (12/22). Response was also seen in mesothelioma (3/9) and lung cancer (5/15). A variety of other neoplasms was also treated and results obtained in neuroblastoma, testicular tumours, stomach carcinoma, breast cancer and nephroblastoma are reported. Treatment is discussed, with reference to response rates and toxicity. Results in 72 patients with advanced breast cancer, who received adriamycin in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, are presented. Seventeen patients with primary liver cancer were also treated with adriamycin. To date, this is the only chemotherapeutic agent that appears to significantly improve survival times in patients with this resistant form of cancer. The prophylactic use of adriamycin against osteogenic sarcoma is also discussed.
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PMID:Adriamycin in the treatment of cancer. 125 Dec 78

The survival of 47 patients with liver malignancies treated with continuous portal infusion of fluorouracil (5-FU) has been studied. 18 of them had been treated initially by hepatic artery ligation. Total mean survival was 9.4 months. Patients treated with hepatic artery ligation + 5-FU lived longer (mean 10.8 months) than those treated with 5-FU alone (7.4 months). The survival was longer than could be expected for patients treated for primary liver cancer or for liver metastases from colo-rectal cancer, when compared with the "untreated" group. It is concluded that continuous portal infusion of 5-FU appears to prolong survival in some groups of patients with malignant liver tumours. However, the influence of "unspecific, general" therapy is difficult to evaluate.
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PMID:Results of regional portal infusion of 5-fluorouracil in patients with primary and secondary liver cancer. 126 5

Patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis (n 1441) and those with post-transfusion hepatitis (n 343), whose medical expenses were subsidized by the Aichi Prefectural Government, were followed up for three years by record linkage with the Aichi Cancer Registry. During the follow-up period, 122 incident cases of liver cancer were identified. Compared with the general population, patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis were at a 64.9 times greater risk (50.5 times in males and 100.4 times in females) and those with post-transfusion hepatitis were at a 9.4 times greater risk (8.9 times in males and 13.7 times in females) of developing liver cancer. Information on prognostic factors for 1,068 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis was also collected in a questionnaire survey by the physicians in charge. Patients positive to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) and those positive to HBe Ag had a significantly increased risk of subsequent liver cancer. The risk of developing liver cancer was positively associated with base-line levels of GPT and AFP and age and, inversely associated with total alcohol intake and female sex. In multivariate analyses, the associations with HBe Ag, AFP, sex and age remained statistically significant, whereas the associations with GPT, total alcohol intake and HBs Ag were of borderline significance.
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PMID:The risk and predictive factors for developing liver cancer among patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. 127 45

After 12 days of culture, VX2 carcinoma cells were inoculated into the liver of 16 rabbits; 14 days later, 131I-labeled iodized oil ([131I]-Lp) suspended in lipiodol was injected into the hepatic artery. Selective accumulation of the contrast material in the tumor for an extended time was evident on X-rays and hepatic scintiphotographs. The antitumor effect was remarkable. [131I]-Lp agents warrant further examination for their clinical usefulness. Internal radiation therapy by transcatheter hepatic arterial injection of [131I]-Lp (group A) was evaluated in 9 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, tumor stage III or IV) associated with liver cirrhosis (LC) and compared with combination therapy of Lp-TAE (group B) in 18 patients with HCC (tumor stage III or IV) associated with LC. In group A, serum AFP levels dropped rapidly in eight of the nine patients who had an elevated initial level of more than 500 ng/ml. The average reduction in tumor size was 50% in eight cases as determined by computed tomography. Histological examination of one resected liver specimen at 3 months after the third injection of [131I]-Lp revealed microscopic features highly suggestive of a radiation effect in the [131I]-Lp-containing area. The 1-year survival value for patients with HCC was estimated at 49.0% using the Kaplan-Meier method. The survival of patients treated with internal radiation therapy tended to be better than that of those treated with Lp-TAE (P = 0.119).
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1992
PMID:Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by transcatheter hepatic arterial injection of radioactive iodized oil solution. 128 Oct 43

The Hokkaido Liver Cancer Study Group focused on the changes in PIVKA-II levels observed in 61 HCC patients after several regimens of treatment in comparison with the AFP levels and the pathophysiological characteristics of HCC. The overall positivity rate for PIVKA-II was 47%, and there was no correlation between the PIVKA-II values and the AFP levels. Accordingly, the HCC detection rate was increased by about 20% by the measurement of both markers. In all, 13 patients underwent hepatic resection, and nonsurgical therapy was carried out in the other 48 subjects. Of the 6 surgically treated patients, 5 (83%) showed a fall in PIVKA-II levels to the normal range immediately after surgery, whereas 14/29 (48%) subjects receiving nonsurgical treatment showed a decrease in PIVKA-II values. Although inconsistency between these tumor markers was detected in four treated cases, we concluded that assay for both of these two parameters may expand their clinical utility for the diagnosis of HCC and monitoring of patients after treatment.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1992
PMID:Changes in the plasma abnormal prothrombin level following treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. 128 Oct 44

We undertook a prospective study of cancerous lesions of the liver in 163 patients (136 males and 27 females) considered to be on high risk. These patients were, healthy carriers of HBs Antigen (n = 70), had chronic hepatitis (n = 45) or cirrhosis (n = 48). The screening was done from two main tests: liver ultrasound and blood alphafoetoprotein. Amongst the 163 patients, malignancy was diagnosed in 29 (22 males and 7 females) giving a prevalence of 17.8 percent: 9 cancers were diagnosed in the group with chronic hepatitis (20 percent), 20 in the group with cirrhosis (41.6 percent) and none in the group of healthy carriers. These results show that in Cameroun, cirrhosis is the most frequent abnormality associated with development of hepatocarcinoma. Thus the strategy against liver cancer should be oriented towards two main objectives; vaccination of children after eliminating healthy carriers and a regular follow-up of patients at risk.
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PMID:[Screening of hepatocellular carcinoma in the middle of a high risk population in Cameroon]. 128 90

From 1986 to 1991, about 1,000 cases of cancers were diagnosed histologically every year in Cameroon. During this period, investigations showed that only 1 cancer out of 10 is diagnosed histologically. Thus, nearly 10,000 new cases of cancers are expected yearly in Cameroon where a population of 12,000,000 inhabitants is found leading to an incidence of about 100/100,000. Forty-nine percent of patients are female and 51% males. Twelve per cent of patients are less than 20 years old and 60% are between 40 and 70 years. Liver cancer is at the top of the list of cancers, representing 20%, followed by skin cancer (15%), breast cancer (11%) and cancer of the cervix (11%). For men, liver cancer is the most frequent, while cancers of the breast and uterine cervix predominate in women.
Bull Cancer 1992
PMID:[Current epidemiology of cancers in Cameroon (Central Africa)]. 130 36

In a consecutive series of 393 patients with excised and pathologically proven primary liver cancer (PLC)--including 374 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), nine cholangiocellular carcinomas (CCC), and ten mixed type of HCC and CCC--33 patients (8.4%) had one or two other malignancies in the extrahepatic organ(s). Of these, 29 had double cancers and four, triple cancers. This was synchronous in 11 patients, metachronous in 20 (including 18 with double cancers and two with triple cancers) and synchronous and metachronous in two with triple cancers. Metachronous cancer was found in 21 patients 1 year before hepatectomy for PLC and in three patients, 1 year after hepatectomy. The median age of PLC patients with multiple primary cancer (MPC) was 63.6 +/- 6.9 years; this was significantly greater than that of PLC patients without MPC (P less than 0.01). The associated cancer was gastric cancer in 11 patients (29.7%), colorectal cancer in six, pharyngeal cancer in four, and other cancers in ten different organs in 16. Thirteen of 22 patients had a history of blood transfusion. The incidence of liver cirrhosis in PLC associated with MPC (57.6%) was significantly lower than that without MPC (82.8%, P less than 0.01). The differential diagnosis of PLC from liver metastasis was possible retrospectively in 78.6% using sonograms, 79.3% using computed tomograms, and 91.3% using angiograms. The survival rates of patients with PLC with (n = 33) and without (n = 299) MPC who had undergone hepatectomy were 97.0% and 85.4% at 1 year, 55.5% and 59.5% at 3 years, and 40.5% and 40.1% at 5 years, respectively. There was no significant difference between the survival rates of those who underwent operations for PLC and extrahepatic primary cancer(s) synchronously and metachronously.
Cancer 1992 Jan 01
PMID:A clinical and radiologic study of primary liver cancer associated with extrahepatic primary cancer. 130 9

The anti-hepatic cancer effects of three free polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, alpha-linolenic, and gamma-linolenic acids) dissolved in an oily lymphographic agent, Lipiodol Ultra-Fluid (Lipiodol), following intrahepatic arterial administration were examined using a rabbit liver cancer model, VX-2. The tumor was inoculated into the subcapsular parenchyma of the liver of rabbits, and Lipiodol alone or Lipiodol containing each one of the free fatty acids was administered into the hepatic artery 14 days after inoculation. The rabbits were sacrificed 7 days after administration. Lipiodol containing one of the fatty acids selectively remained in the tumor area. Although VX-2 tumor grew extensively in both the untreated group and the group that received Lipiodol alone, growth of VX-2 tumor was greatly suppressed in the group that received Lipiodol containing the free fatty acid. Pathological observation also showed that Lipiodol containing the free fatty acid had an anticancer effect on VX-2 tumor growing in the liver of rabbits. Average survival days in the group treated with Lipiodol containing gamma-linolenic acid were significantly prolonged compared with those in the control groups. Although growth rates of the tumor at the death of rabbits were large in the control groups, VX-2 tumor shrank at death of five rabbits of six in the group treated with Lipiodol containing gamma-linolenic acid. These results suggest that the intrahepatic arterial administration of Lipiodol containing the free fatty acids is an effective method of delivery of these fatty acids as anticancer agents.
Cancer Res 1992 Jan 15
PMID:Anticancer effects of free polyunsaturated fatty acids in an oily lymphographic agent following intrahepatic arterial administration to a rabbit bearing VX-2 tumor. 130 42


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