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Query: UMLS:C0345904 (liver cancer)
 15,188 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred eight patients have undergone major hepatic resection by the senior author during the eight year period April 1970 to April 1978. Primary liver cancer was present in 36; metastatic colorectal cancer in 25, miscellaneous metastatic cancers in 15, hepatoblastoma in 5, gallbladder cancer in 4, and bile duct cancer in 3. Benign tumors, principally giant hemangioma, were resected in 20 additional patients. The 30 day operative mortality rate was 9% overall. Prior to 1975, 41 of the resections were done using the vascular isolation perfusion technique. The operative mortality rate of 17% for this technique is a reflection of early experience and the advanced stage of disease of many patients. The operative mortality for the standard resection has been only 4%. Subphrenic abscess has developed in only 13% of patients during the past three years. Postoperative hospitalization has been shortened, being a median of 13 days. The resectability rate for malignant disease was 33%. Forty-six percent of the resections were performed with curative intent. Fifty-four per cent were palliative, performed in individuals with regional spread or distant metastasis. After curative surgery, three year survival was 88% for individuals with primary liver cancer and 72% with metastatic colorectal cancer. After palliative resection, the rates were 31 and 0%, respectively. The three year survival rate is 46% overall, being 81% for the curative resection group and 18% for the palliative group. Tumor markers proved useful in monitoring patients after hepatic resection.
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PMID:Major hepatic resection for neoplasia: personal experience in 108 patients. 8 Jan 63

The role of heredity in the production of gastrointestinal tumours is reviewed. The rare forms showing Mendelian inheritance are described, with special reference to oesophageal cancer and to familial polyposis of the colon. The high risks in these disorders are contrasted with the generally low risks to family members for the common cancers of the digestive tract. The part played by genetic factors in production of the premalignant state is critically discussed, with emphasis on gastric and hepatic cancer. The various experimental genetic approaches to the causation and early detection of cancer are outlined, and it is concluded that both genetic and environmental factors should be considered together when the etiology is being investigated.
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PMID:Genetic problems in tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. 12 46

A single application of various hepatocarcinogens to rats results in the formation of islands of enzyme-deficient liver cells, which are mainly irreversible and very probably represent the first cellular stage involved in the process of liver cancer formation. Comparison of the island-size distributions obtained for different carcinogens indicated that proliferation is a common property of islands that is independent of the inducing carcinogen and does not need any further presence of carcinogen or other stimulating factors. Toxic doses resulted in all cases in an enhanced island size. The number of islands induced by a single dose of carcinogen was enhanced by a prior partial hepatectomy only in the case of the dialkylnitrosamines, dimethylnitrosamine, and diethylnitrosamine. Dose-response relationships measured with diethylnitrosamine, the carcinogen with the lowest toxicity as compared with the carcinogenic action, indicated that island formation is due to a one-hit process, i.e., that one specific alteration in the target cell is responsible for the precancerous transformation. These kinetics and the low probability of transformation might indicate that the crucial hit is scored at the genetic level. The irreversible action of carcinogen (memory effect) and the influence of time on cancer formation (time effect) are discussed in terms of induction and proliferation of irreversible cell populations serving as precursor of the cancer cell. The number of specific alterations (hits) involved in the development of the malignant cancer cell is also briefly discussed.
Cancer Res 1976 Jul
PMID:Kinetics of induction and growth of enzyme-deficient islands involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. 13 70

A retrospective survey organized by the Spanish Association for Digestive Endoscopy among its members has revealed that a correct diagnosis of primary liver cancer could be made by guided biopsy during laparoscopy in 153 of 208 cases. A diagnosis of malignancy was made in 103 of 145 cases of carcinoma associated with cirrhosis and in 50 of 63 cases without cirrhosis, but in the latter, the lesions were endoscopically indistinguishable from metastatic nodules in most instances. Biopsy was positive in 88% of all suspicious cases. Carcinomatous invasion of seemingly benign cirrhotic nodules could be demonstrated in 22 other patients.
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PMID:The value of laparoscopy in the diagnosis of primary cancer of the liver. 14 Jul 98

Results from a dose-response study in rats are reported, in which daily oral doses of 10, 3, 1, and 0.3 mg/kg bodyweight/day respectively were administered. The three highest dose levels resulted in incidences of liver cancer of 46, 84, and 32% respectively. In the lowest dose group (0.3 mg/kg/day) no statistically significant increase in tumor rate compared to untreated controls was found.
Z Krebsforsch Klin Onkol Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1977 Nov 18
PMID:Carcinogenicity of N-nitrosopyrrolidine: dose-response study in rats. 14 56

Intravenous urography with total body opacification, and tomography as required, often give the most information toward evaluating abdominal masses in children. Ultrasonography is a noninvasive procedure which defines normal structures and differentiates cystic and solid tumors. The combination of these studies gives sufficient information about renal tumors to plan for possible surgery. Arteriography is not necessary for the diagnosis of Wilms' tumor, nor its surgical or medical management. Pseudotumor of the kidney is due to focal cortical hyperplasia. It can be diagnosed by nephrotomography, renal arteriography or renal scanning. The latter method is most accurate and has the lowest morbidity. Aortography is advisable in the evaluation of a patient with pheochromocytoma in an attempt to locate multiple tumors. Determining the extent of abdominal neuroblastoma by angiography and lymphangiography does not appear to influence the mode of therapy, not the survival rate; therefore, invasive diagnostic procedures do not appear to be indicated in neuroblastoma. Angiography is necessary in the evaluation of liver cancer. If one lobe is determined to be free of disease, lobectomy is a possible cure. Splenic cysts and choledochal cysts can be diagnosed by noninvasive methods such as ultrasonography or radioisotope scanning. Arteriography and percutaneous opacification are not necessary to make these diagnoses.
Cancer 1975 Mar
PMID:The evaluation of abdominal masses in children with emphasis on noninvasive methods. A roentgenographic approach. 16 41

The age-standardized incidence rate of primary liver cancer (PLC) in Geneva was 9.7 per 100,000 in males, a figure four or five times higher than incidence rates reported elsewhere in Europe . These PLC's were often associated with cirrhosis and alcoholism. This indicated that the toll of PLC related to alcoholism and to alcoholic cirrhosis may be greater than anticipated.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1975 Jan
PMID:Unexpected high incidence of primary liver cancer in Geneva, Switzerland. 16 25

Administration of 40 ppm diethylnitrosamine (DENA) in the drinking water for 10 weeks to male Fischer rats led to hepatocellular carcinoma in 100 percent with metastasis to the lung in 40 percent, of the animals living for the full experimental period of 20 weeks. Concurrent feeding of phenobarbital and DENA for 10 weeks produced cancer of the liver in 77 percent of the animals, but only 9 percent had metastases in the lung. A brief regimen of DENA for 4 weeks, followed by 16 weeks of observation, induced cancer of the liver in only 13 percent of the rats. Administration of phenobarbital, begun 1 week after cessation of DENA intake and terminated at week 20, led to liver cancer in 64 percent of the rodents. Hydroxyurea had no effect on this enhancement. Treatment with a purified gamma fraction of antilymphocytic serum after the DENA did not influence the outcome. Thus phenobarbital given together with DENA reduced the severity of the carcinogenic process, but when it was given after the hepatocarcinogen, it increased the effect.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1975 May
PMID:Modification of diethylnitrosamine liver carcinogenesis with phenobarbital but not with immunosuppression. 16 10

The long-term effects of thorotrast administration include local granulomas, blood cell abnormalities, and cancer. To date, more than 100 cases of liver cancer have been reported in patients previously given this radioactive contrast material, with a latency period of approximately 22 years. We report such a case; the patient not only had a thorotrast-induced cholangiocarcinoma, but also showed striking morphologic changes in the red blood cells secondary to splenic dysfunction.
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PMID:Cholagiocarcinoma in a patient previously given thorotrast. 16 15

The etiologic relationship of parasitic liver disease to primary liver cancer has long been debated. For this reason, a review of 4611 necropsies was carried out to determine the frequency with which hepatocellular carcinoma occurred in association with schistosomiasis. Of 227 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 24 (10.6%) were associated with schistosomiasis japonica. This was significantly higher than the incidence of this carcinoma without schistosomiasis (2.78%). The majority of the 24 cases exhibited the features of a mixed macronodular and micronodular cirrhosis (Gall's posthepatitic cirrhosis); this was super-imposed upon and caused a masking of schistosomiasis fibrosis. By radioimmunoassay hepatitis B antigen was positive in 27% of these cases. A review of the literature indicated that chronic schistosomiasis, on its own, is unlikely to be the cause of primary liver cell carcinoma. Histologic features resembling post-hepatitic cirrhosis combined with a high frequency of hepatitis B antigen suggest that viral hepatitis rather than S. japonicum is the more likely etiologic factor involved, or has a synergistic effect on carcinogenesis.
Cancer 1975 Oct
PMID:Primary liver cancer coincident with Schistosomiasis japonica. A study of 24 necropsies. 16 89


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