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 28,634 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe a case of severe anaphylactic shock without exanthema in an 8-year-old boy who was undergoing elective surgery for an ileostomy. The boy had a history of four anorectal operations in the newborn period, but no history of allergies. Sudden, profound bronchospasm and cardiorespiratory collapse occurred 30 min after the beginning of the operation. No signs of exanthema or urticaria were seen. The patient was resuscitated successfully and remained ventilated for 25 h. During this time, he needed epinephrine in dosages of 0.3-0.05 microg.kg-1.min-1. Radioallergosorbent (RAST) tests for the patient were positive Cap Class 3 and 4, and specific immunoglobulin E was highly positive, suggesting a natural rubber latex allergy as the cause of the anaphylactic shock. Ethylene oxide was negative. Eleven days later, a further operation was performed with a strict latex-free protocol in the presence of histamine 1 and 2 receptor antagonists. On this occasion, the intraoperative course was uneventful. Incidence of anaphylactic reactions, prevalence of latex sensitization, special risk groups and management are discussed.
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PMID:Severe anaphylactic shock without exanthema in a case of unknown latex allergy and review of the literature. 1213 98

Water-soluble semiconducting nanoparticles are prepared from individually collapsed and crosslinked ABA triblock copolymers and are further modified to carry imaging units and allyl functionalities for postmodification. Ethylene oxide modified polyfluorene forms the center block (B) and is transformed into a telechelic macroinitator. In a nitroxide mediated living free radical polymerization, polyacrylate blocks (A) are grown to give the ABA triblock copolymer. Low-temperature benzocyclobutene crosslinking groups are attached to collapse and site-isolate the center block (A). The nanoparticles were further modified by pegylation to enhance the solubility and by catechol groups to provide complexing sites for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reagents such as gadolinium. The reported materials are water-soluble and encompassing fluorescence and MRI to become biocompatible "organic quantum dots" with the possibility to interact actively with biological entities.
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PMID:Water-soluble Semiconducting Nanoparticles for Imaging. 2451 79

Reconstituted extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived scaffolds are commonly utilized in preclinical tissue engineering studies as delivery vehicles for cells and growth factors. Translation into clinical use requires identifying a sterilization method that effectively removes bacteria but does not harm scaffold function. To determine effectiveness of sterilization and impact on ECM scaffold integrity and function, low-temperature ethylene oxide and 15 kGy electron beam irradiation techniques were evaluated. Scaffold sterility was assessed in accordance to United States Pharmacopeia Chapter 71. Scaffold matrix degradation was determined in vitro using enzymatic resistance tests and gel electrophoresis. Scaffold mechanics including elastic modulus, yield stress and collapse modulus were tested. Lastly, 14 Yorkshire pigs underwent ACL transection and bio-enhanced ACL repair using sterilized scaffolds. Histologic response of ligament, synovium, and lymph nodes was compared at 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Ethylene oxide as well as electron beam irradiation yielded sterile scaffolds. Scaffold resistance to enzymatic digestion and protein integrity slightly decreased after electron beam irradiation while ethylene oxide altered scaffold matrix. Scaffold elastic modulus and yield stress were increased after electron beam treatment, while collapse modulus was increased after ethylene oxide treatment. No significant changes in ACL dimensions, in vivo scaffold resorption rate, or histologic response of synovium, ligament, and lymph nodes with either terminal sterilization technique were detectable. In conclusion, this study identifies two methods to terminally sterilize an ECM scaffold. In vitro scaffold properties were slightly changed without significantly influencing the biologic responses of the surrounding tissues in vivo. This is a critical step toward translating new tissue engineering strategies to clinical trials.
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PMID:Effect of low-temperature ethylene oxide and electron beam sterilization on the in vitro and in vivo function of reconstituted extracellular matrix-derived scaffolds. 2608 94