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Query: UMLS:C0344329 (collapse)
 28,634 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We evaluated the effects of the unilateral collapse of the left lung on the formation of pulmonary endocrine cell hyperplasia (PECH) induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) in Syrian golden hamsters. Ten hamsters were injected subcutaneously with 20 mg/kg body weight of 4NQO, once a week for 4 weeks and treated with injection of silicone rubber into the left thorax at the 8th experimental week. Another 30 animals were divided into three groups: treated with 4NQO only, left lung collapse only, and vehicle only. All animals were sacrificed at the 30th week. The lung tissues were embedded in paraffin; 50 serial sections were made from the tissues of each animal and were studied histologically and immunohistochemically. PECH showed a positive immunostain for calcitonin and/or serotonin. In the uncollapsed right lungs of the animals treated with both 4NQO and unilateral collapse, the mean incidence of PECH was 12.2 x 10(-2)/mm3 lung volume; the incidences of PECH in the animals treated with 4NQO only, collapse only, and vehicle only were 4.1, 3.8, and 1.4 x 10(-2)/mm3, respectively. In the collapsed left lungs, PECH did not form, regardless of 4NQO treatment. This study demonstrates that unilateral collapse of the lung modulates the incidence of PECH induced by 4NQO in hamsters.
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PMID:Modulation of the incidence of hamster pulmonary endocrine cell hyperplasia by unilateral collapse of the lung. 135 32

Osteoporosis in adolescence is rare and usually secondary to an underlying disease process whose diagnosis may be difficult to detect. Osteoporotic vertebral collapse is an uncommon presenting sign of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We describe a 13-year-old boy with osteoporotic vertebral collapse secondary to relapse of ALL whose blood count and blood morphology were normal but whose 1,25 = (OH2) = vitamin D level was deficient. A combination of chemotherapy, calcitriol and calcitonin therapy was successful in reversing the process. His case is presented to describe the diagnostic and therapeutic issues involved.
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PMID:Osteoporosis as the presenting sign of leukemic relapse in an adolescent: case report and literature review. 161 Aug 48

Increasing pain in the region of the lumbar vertebrae occurred in a 23-year-old woman known for the past 6 1/2 years to have Crohn's disease affecting the ileocolon. Radiology revealed marked osteopenia with collapse and deformation of the vertebral bodies. The only pointer to a bone disease was a markedly lowered serum level of 25-OH-vitamin D (less than 10 ng/ml). Biopsy from the ileal crest revealed pure osteoporosis without osteomalacia. Decisive pathogenetic factors were, in the main, glucocorticoid medication, malnutrition and the long duration of Crohn's disease. During treatment with monofluorophosphate, 152 g daily, in fixed combination with 600 mg calcium as well as calcitonin (initially 100 I.U. daily subcutaneously for two weeks, then 100 I.U. every other day s.c.) and vitamin D (3 x 1,000 I.U. daily by mouth) she became free of symptoms, and she has remained so for 9 months.
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PMID:[Severe osteoporosis in a young female patient with Crohn's disease]. 164 71

In an open study, we have assessed the bone/soft tissue uptake index in recent osteoporotic vertebral collapse using scintigraphy. The evolution of these cases was followed-up at 6 months in 22 patients treated with 100 IU of salmon calcitonin plus 500 mg of elemental calcium/10 days per month and in 18 patients treated with 500 mg of elemental calcium only on a daily basis. There were no index differences between groups prior to treatment. At six months, the group treated with calcitonin plus calcium showed a significant decrease from 10.2 +/- 6.4 to 3.2 +/- 1.1 (p less than 0.001), while the calcium only group did not show any significant changes (12.1 +/- 6.6 vs 9.2 +/- 4.6), considering that there were significant differences between groups (p less than 0.001). On a mid-term basis, these results have shown the values of the bone/soft tissue index in the follow-up of osteoporotic vertebral collapse.
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PMID:The value of bone scintigraphy in the follow-up of vertebral osteoporosis. 179 Jun 40

Back pain due to vertebral collapse is the main symptom of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The clinical picture in these crush fractures varies, depending on the type and the location of fracture, but in general, a new vertebral crush fracture gives rise to severe pain that immobilizes the patient and necessitates bedrest. In this double-blind controlled clinical trial, 56 patients who had recently (within the last 3 days) suffered an osteoporotic vertebral fracture were hospitalized for a period of 14 days. Salmon calcitonin (100 IU) or placebo injections were given daily. Pain was rated daily on a 10-point scale by the same observers. Blood and urinary parameters were also evaluated. The results showed a significant (P less than 0.001) difference in pain intensity between the calcitonin group and the placebo group. This beneficial effect was generally apparent from the second day of treatment onward, and over the following 2 weeks, the patients were able to sit and stand, and gradually started to walk again. A significant decrease in urinary hydroxyproline and urinary calcium was also noted in the calcitonin group. It is concluded that calcitonin exerts a beneficial effect on back pain following a vertebral crush fracture.
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PMID:Analgesic effect of salmon calcitonin in osteoporotic vertebral fractures: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study. 181 59

Although Paget's disease of the spine may cause neurological dysfunction by bone hypertrophy or collapse, it is very rare for the disease process to extend into the soft tissues of the spinal canal. We report a case of Paget's disease causing ossification of the ligamentum flavum and extradural fat, thus causing spinal cord compression. Decompressive laminectomy was carried out, resulting in neurological improvement. In such cases surgical decompression should be followed by therapy with calcitonin.
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PMID:Spinal cord compression due to pagetic spinal stenosis with involvement of extradural soft tissues: a case report. 184 8

Spinal collapse is a painful complication of osteoporosis. In this study, the analgesic effect of salmon calcitonin, administered intranasally (200 IU per day), was assessed in 18 patients with acute collapse of one to four vertebrae. Pain was evaluated by a descriptive pain scale (ie, Keele's) as well as by the daily consumption of analgesic drugs. When compared with placebo, intranasal salmon calcitonin significantly relieved pain and occasioned a decrease in the consumption of analgesic drugs. No major side effects were reported by the patients under study.
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PMID:Analgesic effect of intranasal salmon calcitonin in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures. 266 Sep 96

Eight women with pregnancy-associated osteoporosis were studied for up to ten years. Back pain and vertebral collapse usually occurred in the first pregnancy and did not recur in two subsequent pregnancies. Except in one patient, bone histology showed no increase in resorption. Plasma concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D tended to be low whereas those of calcitonin were, with one exception, normal. It is suggested that in these patients there may have been a transient failure of the usual changes in calciotropic hormones to prepare the maternal skeleton for the stress of childbirth. However, subsequent pregnancies in such patients are not necessarily contraindicated.
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PMID:Osteoporosis of pregnancy. 286 Mar 85

Four amphiphilic peptides, each with net charges of +2 or more at neutrality and molecular weights under 4 kilodaltons, were found to mediate the adhesion of normal rat kidney fibroblasts to polystyrene surfaces. Two of these peptides, a model for calcitonin (peptide 1, MCT) and melittin (peptide 2, MEL), form amphiphilic alpha-helical structures at aqueous/nonpolar interfaces. The other two, a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone model (peptide 3, LHM) and a platelet factor model (peptide 4, MPF) form beta-strand structures in amphiphilic environments. Although it contains only 10 residues, LHM mediated adhesion to surfaces coated with solutions containing as little as 10 pmoles/ml of peptide. All four of these peptides were capable of forming monolayers at air-buffer interfaces with collapse pressures greater than 20 dynes/cm. None of these four peptides contains the tetrapeptide sequence Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser, which has been associated with fibronectin-mediated cell adhesion. Ten polypeptides that also lacked the sequence Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser but were nonamphiphilic and/or had net charges less than +2 at neutrality were all incapable of mediating cell adhesion (Pierschbacher and Ruoslahti, 1984). The morphologies of NRK cells spread on polystyrene coated with peptide LHM resemble the morphologies on fibronectin-coated surfaces, whereas cells spread on surfaces coated with MCT or MEL exhibit strikingly different morphologies. The adhesiveness of MCT, MEL, LHM, and MPF implies that many amphiphilic cationic peptides could prove useful as well defined adhesive substrata for cell culture and for studies of the mechanism of cell adhesion.
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PMID:Amphiphilic cationic peptides mediate cell adhesion to plastic surfaces. 404 59

The authors report two cases of osteoporosis, complicated by collapse of corpus vertebrae, which occurred during the last three months of pregnancy. Results of the study of phosphorus and calcium balance are not different from those found in other types of osteoporosis occurring in young adults. There is no antecedent osteopathy. Calciuria is normal. From analysis of previously published studies addressing the metabolism of phosphorus and calcium during pregnancy, a few pathogenic hypotheses for this rare aspect of osteoporosis are discussed. Special attention is given to calcitonin activity during late pregnancy.
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PMID:[Osteoporosis in pregnancy]. 629 80


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