Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0344329 (collapse)
 28,634 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Venom from newborn Bothrops asper snakes has higher lethal, hemorrhagic, edema-forming, proteolytic and defibrinating activities than venom from adult B. asper specimens. Electrophoretic analysis confirmed the variation between these venoms. Intramuscular injection of 100 micrograms of venom from newborn specimens in mice induced defibrination, together with moderate increments of serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, hemoglobin and total proteins. A conspicuous hemorrhage developed in injected muscle rapidly after envenomation, probably due to a drastic alteration in capillaries and larger blood vessels. Other histological alterations included moderate myonecrosis, lung collapse and prominent renal damage, characterized by tubular necrosis and hyalinization. Polyvalent antivenom effectively neutralized lethal, hemorrhagic and indirect hemolytic activities of newborn B. asper venom, although requiring higher antivenom doses than neutralization of venom from adult B. asper.
 ...
PMID:Pathological and biochemical changes induced in mice after intramuscular injection of venom from newborn specimens of the snake Bothrops asper (Terciopelo). 144 Jun 47

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening reaction of neuroleptic medication. The estimated incidence rate of neuroleptic malignant syndrome is between 1% and 1.5% of patients treated with neuroleptics. The reported mortality rate varies from 11% to 38%. Risk factors include younger males (80% less than 40 years) and physical disability. Although 80% of neuroleptic malignant syndrome cases develop within the first 2 weeks of treatment, the syndrome can develop anytime during the therapy period. The clinical picture and laboratory findings are not always unique. Less than 50% of cases manifest with classical symptoms. Deaths usually result from cardiovascular collapse. Renal failure, pulmonary emboli, aspiration pneumonia, and respiratory failure are also reported. Familiarity with the syndrome, baseline laboratory values including creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, serum glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase, and complete blood cell count with a differential count, and a high index of suspicion are of the utmost importance in making the diagnosis of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. A judicial choice of neuroleptic medication and careful observation of patients may reduce the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. 146 Jun 85

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin lysed human neutrophil cytoplasts. The reaction was associated with a rapid influx of extracellular calcium, a collapse in membrane potential, release of lactate dehydrogenase, and overt disintegration of the plasma membrane. These functional and structural alterations in the plasmalemma of neutrophil cytoplasts reinforce the hypothesis that A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin acts as a pore-forming, membranolytic agent and indicate that neutrophil cytoplasts are useful tools in studying the biology of membrane-active toxins.
 ...
PMID:Lytic effects of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin on human neutrophil cytoplasts. 150 79

Dried, milled Cestrum laevigatum plant material was drenched to 6 ewes at doses ranging from 2,5 to 10 g/kg/day for 1 to 47 days. The most noticeable clinical signs were depression, anorexia and ruminal stasis. These signs were accompanied by clinical pathological changes indicative of liver involvement such as increases in the serum activities of aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyltransferase. Hepatosis characterized by accentuated lobulation, and centrilobular to midzonal coagulative necrosis, haemorrhage and congestion occurred in 2 of the 3 ewes given high doses of plant material. Liver lesions in the other animals included disappearance of hepatocytes and collapse of the reticulin stroma in the centrilobular areas. Spongy changes in the cerebral white matter were evident in the ewes of the high-dose group. Ultrastructural changes in the liver comprised degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes and occasionally endothelial cells, and disruption of sinusoidal walls.
 ...
PMID:Experimentally-induced Cestrum laevigatum (Schlechtd.) poisoning in sheep. 151 94

A 44-year-old man developed bouts of fever (up to 40 degrees C) seven days after returning from a holiday in Kenya. Malaria prophylaxis with chloroquine had been correctly undertaken. Concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase and total bilirubin were raised (493 U/l and 3.55 mg/dl, respectively). Blood smear revealed the ring forms of Plasmodium falciparum. Thereupon the patient was given mefloquine in decreasing doses (750/500/250 mg) at intervals of 8 hours. The following night he had a circulatory collapse and complained of pain on pressure, especially in the left upper abdomen. Abdominal sonography showed a slightly enlarged spherical spleen with an echo-poor band and fluid collection in the rectovesicular pouch, indicating rupture of the spleen. A splenectomy was performed. Subsequently the number of malaria organisms in the blood smear gradually fell and signs of haemolysis disappeared. Splenic rupture is a very rare complication of acute malaria. It is presumably caused by marked stasis in the splenic sinuses with deformed parasite-containing red blood cells.
 ...
PMID:[Spontaneous splenic rupture in acute malaria tropica]. 159 9

To evaluate the organ specificity of pancreatic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and the diagnostic value of the elevation of serum PLA2 levels in patients with serious diseases not involving the pancreas, we studied the organ distribution of PLA2 in autopsy specimens and serum level of PLA2 in patients who required admission to an intensive care unit (ICU). PLA2 was measured by a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA), using monoclonal antibody against human pancreatic PLA2. Organ distribution of PLA2 revealed that the pancreas showed a much higher content of pancreatic PLA2 immunoreactivity than any other organ. An abnormally high value of serum PLA2 was observed in 18 of 30 patients (60%) at ICU. Both serum PLA2 and pancreatic isoamylase were elevated in 11 patients (37%). Of 11 patients with hyperphospholipasemia and hyperamylasemia, serum creatinine was elevated in five patients and blood urea nitrogen in nine patients. Serum PLA2 levels did not always rise comparably to serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. Serum PLA2 values showed the best correlation with serum lactate dehydrogenase levels among routine blood-chemistry tests. The elevation of serum PLA2 was ascribable to renal dysfunction or ischemic pancreatic damage secondary to circulatory collapse with multiple organ failure.
 ...
PMID:Elevation of serum phospholipase A2 in patients at an intensive care unit. 178 39

Osteocyte viability was investigated in femoral head bone removed from 38 patients with chronic hip disease, with the use of a histochemical stain to demonstrate lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in osteocytes. Where the osteocyte cytoplasm did not show LDH activity, the cell was considered dead; when several adjacent osteocytes were dead, the bone in that area was regarded as nonviable. The preoperative diagnoses were idiopathic osteoarthritis in 25, chondrocalcinosis in six, rheumatoid arthritis in two, Paget's disease in two, avascular necrosis in two, and congenital dislocation of the hip in one patient. In 16 of the patients with idiopathic osteoarthritis and the two with avascular necrosis, nonviable osteocytes were present in the central regions of many trabeculae, these areas usually being separated by cement lines from viable bone. The pattern suggested previous necrosis of part of the femoral head, with later new bone formation. The pattern was not observed in either control subjects, or patients with known articular disease, such as chondrocalcinosis. Bone collapse of variable severity was apparent radiographically in nine patients with histologic bone death, but not in other patients. Bone death is commonly present in idiopathic osteoarthritis and could be a cause rather than a result of the arthritis.
 ...
PMID:The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis of the hip. Evidence for primary osteocyte death. 379 56

The binding of coenzyme and substrate are considered in relation to the known primary and tertiary structure of lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27). The adenine binds in a hydrophobic crevice, and the two coenzyme phosphates are oriented by interactions with the protein. The positively charged guanidinium group of arginine 101 then folds over the negatively charged phosphates, collapsing the loop region over the active center and positioning the unreactive B side of the nicotinamide in a hydrophobic protein environment. Collapse of the loop also introduces various charged groups into the vicinity of the substrate binding site. The substrate is situated between histidine 195 and the C4 position on the nicotinamide ring, and is partially oriented by interactions between its carboxyl group and arginine 171. The spatial arrangements of these groups may provide the specificity for the L-isomer of lactate.
 ...
PMID:Structure-function relationships in lactate dehydrogenase. 414 47

Serial estimations of activities of creatine kinase and its MB isoenzyme, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase and of concentrations of alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein were performed in 15 healthy well-trained male marathon runners. Estimations were made initially within three days before a race and then one, 24, and 96 hours after the race. Technetium-99m pyrophosphate myocardial scintigraphy was carried out at the initial prerace assessment and repeated 48 to 96 hours after the race. None of the subjects developed cardiac symptoms during or after the race.Activities of creatine kinase and creatine kinase MB became maximal 24 hours after the race. One and 96 hours after the race two and five subjects, respectively, showed amounts of creatine kinase MB totalling 5% or more of total creatine kinase. Lactate dehydrogenase activity peaked at one hour after the race, and activities of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases peaked at 24 and 96 hours after the race, respectively. Activities of all these enzymes showed a significant increase from prerace values during the rest of the study. Electrocardiographic features noted were similar to those reported elsewhere in athletes under similar conditions. They included first-degree heart block, incomplete right bundle-branch block, left ventricular hypertrophy, pseudoischaemic T-wave changes, and early repolarisation of variant ST-segment elevations in precordial leads. Technetium-99m pyrophosphate myocardial scintigraphy did not show evidence of myocardial damage before or after the race. Alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein concentrations were normal throughout.These data suggest that reliance on standard enzyme estimations and electrocardiographic criteria may yield false-positive indicators of myocardial injury during prolonged strenuous exercise. Technetium-99m pyrophosphate scintigraphy and alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein measurements offer additional information and may usefully be employed in evaluating circulatory collapse associated with such exercise.
 ...
PMID:Abnormal cardiac enzyme responses after strenuous exercise: alternative diagnostic aids. 681 29

A crude, whole-body extract of female or male heartworms was injected IV into 28 dogs with and 22 dogs without heartworm (HW) infection. The female HW extract caused shock in 22 of 24 dogs with and 12 of 20 dogs without HW infection. The male HW extract induced shock in 4 of 4 dogs with and 1 of 2 dogs without HW infection. Prevalence of shock caused by female HW extract was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in dogs with than without HW infection; shock developed 5 to 30 minutes after HW injection. These signs were observed: marked decrease in blood pressure; collapse (initial collapse); paleness of mucous membranes; weak heart sounds; dyspnea; skin coldness; intestinal hyperperistalsis, and defecation; increases in RBC count, serum total protein concentration, serum osmolality, serum Na and blood glucose concentrations; and decreases in neutrophil, eosinophil, and platelet counts. Alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities increased substantially from the time of initial collapse to 24 hours after HW injection. Of 39 dogs with shock, 29 recovered from initial collapse, but 5 of the 29 subsequently collapsed again (secondary collapse), with bloody diarrhea followed by death. Of these 39 dogs, 6 died during initial collapse without bloody diarrhea, and 4 were euthanatized during initial collapse. It was confirmed that HW extract had, in fact, induced shock. These clinical, hematologic, and biochemical findings were fundamentally similar to those associated with shock resulting from administration of drugs, such as diethylcarbamazine and milbemycin D, in microfilaremic dogs with HW infection.
 ...
PMID:Clinical, hematologic, and biochemical findings in dogs after induction of shock by injection of heartworm extract. 787 76


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>