Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 28,634 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ozone is frequently used for water treatment and disinfection in recirculating aquaculture systems. However, due to the fragmentary data on chronic toxicity of ozone produced oxidants (OPO) and its safe concentrations, the daily application of ozone in aquaculture is challenging. To evaluate the chronic effects of sublethal OPO concentrations, juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima, L.) were exposed to OPO concentrations of 0.06, 0.10 and 0.15 mg/l for 21 days. Gills were analysed for histopathological alterations and mRNA expression of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), hsp90 as well as glutathione-S-transferase (gst) were determined in the gills and the liver after 1d, 7d and 21 d. Histopathologic findings confirmed adverse effects at 0.10-0.15 mg/l, but these (necrosis, lamellar clubbing, hypertrophy, hyperplasia) could only be observed after an extended exposure (mostly 21 d), and were considered as irreversible tissue damage. Hsp70 expression in the gills was only significantly increased at the highest OPO concentration (0.15 mg/l) on 1d and 7d, and returned to basic levels until day 21. Hsp90 mRNA was already increased at 0.10mg/l after 1 and 7 days of exposure, and again was comparable to the control group on day 21. In contrast, elevated gst mRNA expression was only observed on day 7 at 0.10mg and 0.15 mg/l. Although similar trends were observed in the liver for all markers, differences were only significant in exceptional cases due to the high individual variation observed. Thus, mRNA expression in the gills rather than in the liver is recommended as a marker to characterize OPO-induced oxidative stress in turbot. It has to be noted that mRNA expression returned to basic levels on day 21 regardless the actual OPO concentration, suggesting a collapse of adaptive mechanisms as a possible explanation for the observed tissue damage.
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PMID:Risks of seawater ozonation in recirculation aquaculture--effects of oxidative stress on animal welfare of juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima, L.). 2189 25

Cystic fibrosis is the most common severe genetic disorder among children of European descent. It is much less common in Africans and Asians. It affects most critically the lungs causing chronic lung disease, failure to thrive and social deprivation. This is a retrospective review of 35 Sudanese patients with confirmed cystic fibrosis. About 60% of cases presented before the age of 5 years and male to female ratio was 1.7:1.0. Consanguinity was reported in 25 of the families. The main presenting features were productive cough, wheeze and clubbing. The chest X-ray showed variable degrees of hyperinflation, collapse, cystic, fibrotic changes and bronchiectasis involving both upper and lower lobes with blurring of cardiac border and hilar vasculature in the majority of cases. The sweat chloride was between 70 and 140 mmol/l in 83% of the patients (positive > 60 mmol/l). Three patients underwent DNA study and confirmed to have cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations. Gene study was not available for the rest of the patients. To our knowledge this is the first report of confirmed cases of cystic fibrosis in Sudanese patients.
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PMID:Cystic fibrosis in Sudanese children: First report of 35 cases. 2749 88