Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0344329 (collapse)
 28,634 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In February 1979 a 51 year old man fell will in Munich, displaying symptoms of an influenza-like illness which developed into pneumonia. The patient died eight days later of circulatory collapse which failed to respond to treatment, accompanied by high temperature, leucopenia and agranulocytosis. Typical rods detected in the lung tissue and histological sections by immunofluorescence indicated the possibility of a Legionella pneumophila infection. The pathogen isolated from the lung tissue on CYE agar was identified as L. pneumophila, serogroup I. The diagnosis was confirmed by the CDC, Atlanta. This is the first time this organism has been isolated in Central Europe from a case with a fatal outcome.
 ...
PMID:[Legionnaires' disease in Germany (author's transl)]. 47 55

A patient with laboratory-acquired Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) and concomitant influenza virus infection was studied from the third day of clinical illness. The course of his illness was marked by petechial rash, thrombocytopenia, and elevation of fibrin split products. No evidence of complement activation was observed. Plasma proteins were elevated in a pattern characteristic of the "acute phase reaction." The patient recovered completely, and vascular collapse or clinically important disseminated intravascular coagulation had developed. In febrile patients who had influenza or a clinically similar noninfluenzal respiratory syndrome, no changes in coagulation, complement, or plasma proteins developed. We conclude that aberrations in the patient's laboratory values reflected RMSF, and that complement played no critical role in his illness.
 ...
PMID:Coagulation and complement studies in Rocky Mountain spotted fever. 64 36

Influenzal pneumonia has been studied in mice subjected to sublethal doses of airborne PR8-A influenza virus. Electron microscopy revealed that the virus propagated in and at the same time destroyed the ciliated and nonciliated bronchial cells and the types 1 and 2 alveolar pneumocytes. The regenerating bronchial membranes were metaplastic and grew peripherally into the surrounding alveolar ducts and alveoli to form epithelial nodules which caused obstruction and collapse of the involved lobes. The development of the lung lesions was correlated with phospholipid (lecithin) levels in consolidated and unconsolidated infected and normal lungs. As the lungs became more and more consolidated, there was a corresponding and significant decrease in the amount of phospholipid (dipalmitoyl lecithin) compared to the amount of normal or unconsolidated infected tissue. The destruction of the type 2 pneumocytes by the influenza virus and their failure to regenerate is considered to be the reason for the low phospholipid levels in the involved lobes, and thus an important cause of post-influenzal collapse in mice. The above adds additional evidence to the view that the type 2 pneumocytes are a major source of surfactant in mammalian lungs.
 ...
PMID:The destruction of type 2 pneumocytes by airborne influenza PR8-A virus; its effect on surfactant and lecithin content of the pneumonic lesions of mice. 117 77

We describe an eight-month-old infant who had an unusually fulminant and fatal course of Reye's syndrome. The patient died 36 hours after admission because of irreversible circulatory failure not associated with clinical symptoms of increased intracranial pressure or cerebral herniation. Autopsy revealed the pathognomonic fatty degeneration of the liver and heart of Reye's syndrome, but the brain was normal. In addition, a marked inflammatory infiltration of the myocardium was also observed, which indicated that acute myocarditis had been the preceding underlying disease. This case report emphasizes the fact that the viral prodrome preceding Reye's syndrome may not be as benign as often observed with influenza and varicella. Acute myocarditis and Reye's syndrome are also a combination which may result in fatal cardiovascular collapse.
 ...
PMID:Reye's syndrome associated with acute myocarditis and fatal circulatory failure. 152 Mar 89

Of several toxins examined, only staphylococcal alpha and gamma toxin, endotoxin, and diphtheria toxins were lethal for 5-day-old ferrets. Their toxicities were enhanced in animals infected at 1 day old with influenza virus, from 3-fold with staphylococcal gamma toxin through 14-fold for staphylococcal alpha toxin, 84-fold for endotoxin, and 219-fold for diphtheria toxin. No increased viral replication occurred in any tissue; thus the effects of the toxins were exacerbated by the infection, not vice versa. Neonates died suddenly without clinical symptoms as in human babies dying from the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Pathologic examination showed inflammation in the upper respiratory tract, lung edema and collapse, and early bronchopneumonia in the toxin- and influenza virus-treated animals but not in those treated with toxin or virus alone. Thus, bacterial toxins could play a role in SIDS, this being more likely with a concomitant influenza virus infection.
 ...
PMID:Exacerbation of bacterial toxicity to infant ferrets by influenza virus: possible role in sudden infant death syndrome. 198 74

The amino terminus of subunit-2 of influenza virus hemagglutinin (NHA2) plays a crucial role in the induction of fusion between viral and endosomal membranes leading to the infection of a cell. Three synthetic analogs with an amino acid sequence corresponding to NHA2 of variant hemagglutinins were studied in a monolayer set up. Comparison of the interaction of a fusion-active and two fusion-defective analogs with a lipid monolayer revealed a greater surface activity of the fusion-active analog. Pronounced differences were found if the pure peptides were spread at the air/water interface; the fusion-active analog showed a higher collapse pressure and a greater limiting molecular area. Circular dichroism measurements on collected lipid monolayers indicated a high content of alpha-helical structure for the fusion-active and one of the fusion-defective analogs. A simple relation between alpha-helical content and fusogenicity does not seem to exist. Instead, the extent of penetration, a defined tertiary structure or orientation of the alpha-helical peptide may be essential for its membrane perturbing activity.
 ...
PMID:The interaction of synthetic analogs of the N-terminal fusion sequence of influenza virus with a lipid monolayer. Comparison of fusion-active and fusion-defective analogs. 205 47

Five-week-old specific-pathogen-free chickens inoculated intravenously with a waterfowl-origin type A influenza virus (A/mallard/Ohio/184/86) had swollen and mottled kidneys on days 3, 5, and 7 postinoculation (PI) and multiple raised nodules on days 5, 10, and 20 PI. Histologically, the kidneys had multifocal heterophilic tubulointerstitial nephritis with epithelial necrosis on day 3 PI, lymphoplasmacytic tubulointerstitial nephritis on day 5 PI, and fibrosing interstitial nephritis with cortical lobular collapse, atrophic tubules, glomerular aggregates, and interstitial lymphoid follicles and aggregates on days 7, 10, and 20 PI. Heterophilic intratubular medullary-cone nephritis was present in dead or moribund chickens on days 3 and 5 PI. Furthermore, the presence of mild multifocal heterophilic tubulointerstitial nephritis on day 20 PI suggests that a waterfowl-origin strain of type A influenza virus of low pathogenicity has the potential to produce acute and chronic active nephritis in the chicken and that the kidney is a potential site for influenza viral persistence. The acute, subacute, and chronic histopathologic renal lesions of this influenza virus in chickens are similar to lesions reported for some nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis viruses and avian nephritis picornavirus.
 ...
PMID:Renal pathology in specific-pathogen-free chickens inoculated with a waterfowl-origin type A influenza virus. 214 19

Heart disease is a recognised complication of influenza. We report a unique case in which myopericarditis and collapse due to acute influenza A infection was associated with pericardial effusion and tamponade. In addition, the patient had myositis and pleurisy. Emergency pericardiocentesis and inotropic drugs were needed but recovery was complete.
 ...
PMID:Acute myopericarditis in influenza A infection. 362 4

Successful management of a large bronchopleural fistula in a 3-yr-old child with high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) is described. Respiratory insufficiency in the child occurred secondary to hemophilus influenza pneumonia. After 7 days of conventional ventilatory support, a bronchopleural fistula occurred with massive lung collapse and subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema. The child was ventilated with a high frequency jet ventilator for 37 days with resulting healing of the fistula. During ventilatory support with HFJV, no sedation or muscle relaxants were needed. Two problem areas in long-term support in children were discussed, namely, partial tube obstruction because of thick secretion and the need for proper humidification. A significant advantage of HFJV was the ability to superimpose it on spontaneous breathing with elimination of sedation or muscle relaxants.
 ...
PMID:Long-term high frequency jet ventilation in a 3-year-old child. 683 2

Age-related changes, for example reduced elasticity and earlier airways collapse, predispose the elderly to respiratory infection. Other factors such as a lifetime of smoking, the use of hypnotics, or the development of stroke also predispose. Pneumonia becomes increasingly common with advancing age, and both morbidity and mortality increase with associated disease burden. Diagnosis of pneumonia may be more difficult in the aged because of physiological changes. However, careful physical examination with accurate, regular recording of body temperature will usually reveal the characteristic features of pneumonia, which should be confirmed by chest radiograph. In the frail elderly, the onset of impaired function, such as confusion, immobility, falling or incontinence, should raise suspicion of infection. Pneumonia is classified as community-acquired, nursing home-acquired or nosocomial, which helps in the empirical choice of antibiotics. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common organism in the community, then Haemophilus influenzae and Branhamella catarrhalis. Gram-negative organisms like Klebsiella and Escherichia coli are more common in nosocomial infections. Nursing home patients with pneumonia tend to be more frail than those in the community. Treatment is directed at eradication of the organism with the appropriate antibiotic, maintaining hydration and oxygenation, as well as managing impaired mobility, faecal loading, urinary incontinence and confusion. Influenza vaccination is strongly recommended for the frail elderly. Tuberculosis remains an important diagnosis in the frail elderly and should always be considered, especially in patients with respiratory infection who fail to respond to conventional therapy.
 ...
PMID:Treatment recommendations for respiratory tract infections associated with aging. 845 84


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>