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Query: UMLS:C0344329 (collapse)
 28,634 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The use of trabeculectomy in advanced pediatric glaucoma is reviewed. Intraocular pressure was controlled in only 50% of the patients, and the best visual results was 20/200. Complications of vitreous loss, scleral collapse, ectasia, retinal detachment, and endophthalmitis were encountered. No evidence was found to support the claim that in the seriously compromised buphthalmic eyes, trabeculectomy is safer than other filtering operations since it filters under a scleral flap.
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PMID:Filtering surgery in children: barriers to success. 31 85

Ipsilateral glaucoma developed in a 51-year-old man with a left-sided temporal lobe arachnoidal cyst. Ultrasonic examination disclosed a cystic orbital lesion adjacent to the optic nerve. Following intracranial decompensation of the arachnoidal cyst, the intraocular pressure dropped markedly. Ultrasonography showed a collapse of the presumed optic nerve sheath cyst. While the exact mechanism producing glaucoma in this patient remains unclear, there was an apparent relationship between the elevated intraocular pressure and the arachnoidal cyst.
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PMID:Arachnoidal cyst invading the orbit. 51 86

A survey of the membership of the South Carolina Ophthalmological Society revealed an average of 3 1/2 patient drug reactions per year per physician using topical diagnostic drugs in the office. The reactions to the drugs included topical allergic responses, acute glaucoma, cardiovascular collapse, and one death. All of the reactions had previous been attributed to these drugs in the literature. Suggestions are presented to prevent these reactions from occurring or to better prepare the ophthalmologist and his staff to manage these problems when they do arise.
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PMID:Drug reactions reported in a survey of South Carolina. 53 May 61

Seven patients suffering from heterochromic cyclitis Fuchs had been investigated by gonioscopy after paracentesis of the anterior chamber. Independent to previous intraocular pressure and tonographical results parts or all of the canal of Schlemm were filled with blood, followed by haemorrhage into the trabecular meshwork on several sites and bleeding into the anterior chamber. Three of the patients were operated on because of a chronic secundary glaucoma and the dissected trabecular meshwork was investigated by electron microscopy. Atrophy of the inner--and outer wall of the canal of Schlemm as well as missing of the endothelium of the trabecular meshwork was to be observed. Discussing the gonioscopical observations and electron-microscopical results the glaucoma in heterochromic cyclitis Fuchs seems to be caused by a collapse of the canal of Schlemm and not by increasing resistance in trabecular meshwork by sclerosis or hyaline membranes.
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PMID:[The glaucoma in heterochromic cyclitis Fuchs. Gonioscopic studies and electron microscopic investigations of the trabecular meshwork (author's transl)]. 56 27

A 51-year-old woman had optic disk cupping from optic nerve compression by an intracranial aneurysm. Slit-lamp stereoscopic examination of the living eye immediately post mortem revealed an optic cup vertically oral, elongated superiorly, and indistinguishable from disk changes seen early in glaucoma. The histopathological changes differed from those in glaucoma by showing no glial atrophy. Instead, the cupping was caused by loss of axons in the prelaminar region of the nerve head and collapse of glial columns.
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PMID:Optic cupping caused by an intracranial aneurysm. 90 Feb 24

Spontaneous venous pulsation can be observed at the site of entry of retinal veins into the physiological cup of the optic disc. Although it has been speculated that spontaneous vessel pulsation is related to primary open-angle glaucoma, no evaluation has been done on the depth position of such a pulsation inside the cup and its relationship to the intraocular pressure. Using laser scanning tomography, we measured the depth position of the maximal spontaneous vessel pulsation inside the optic cup in 24 discs of 24 patients, including 15 ocular hypertensives and 9 controls. The two groups did not differ significantly in age or refraction. The depth position of the maximal venous collapse, however, showed a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.005), the mean value being 301 +/- 95 microns beyond the first retinal vessel reflection in the control-group eyes and 507 +/- 193 microns in the ocular hypertensive discs. The location of the depth position of the maximal venous collapse within the excavation could be a parameter that indicates the individual pressure tolerance of the ocular tissues.
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PMID:Depth position of spontaneous venous pulsations in ocular hypertensives and control-group discs. 148 34

The iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome is potentially a blinding condition as a result of glaucoma and/or corneal decompensation. The basic pathology seems to be in the corneal endothelium, which many studies confirm takes on a characteristic slit lamp appearance of hammered silver and image reversal with the specular microscope. The origin and morphology of the abnormal cells are unknown. Many histopathological studies of keratoplasty and trabeculectomy specimens reveal as many cell types. This paper reports some general and specular microscopical data from 57 cases of the syndrome, argues that the reason for the variety of histopathological findings in other studies is due to poor sampling of the study material, deduces the morphology of the abnormal cells on specular microscopical criteria, and compares the specular and scanning electron microscopical images in one case with those of other reports. It is tentatively concluded that the appearance of the abnormal cells is a function of their three-dimensional shape and that they produce blister-like vesicles that rupture, collapse, and eventually invaginate.
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PMID:On the morphology of cells of posterior cornea in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome. 205 30

The paper is a unique pathological description of a bilateral, symmetric, anterior, temporal ischemic optic neuropathy with the morphological characteristics of cavernous optic atrophy initially described by Schnabel in glaucomatous eyes. The 80-year-old woman had suffered from cardiac insufficiency and diabetes mellitus for many years. She died from sepsis and circulatory collapse due to ischemic colitis, intestinal perforation, and peritonitis. There was widespread arteriosclerosis but no evidence of giant-cell arteritis. Cell loss was demonstrated in both retinas, the chiasm, and in the central lateral geniculate body. These represent a retrograde, descending and ascending optic atrophy, with transsynaptic degeneration in the LGB. A small craniopharyngioma was found by chance in the infundibulum. Neither clinically nor morphologically were there any signs of glaucoma.
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PMID:[Histopathology of the retina, optic fascicle and lateral geniculate body in chronic, bilateral symmetric ischemic Schnabel's cavernous optic atrophy]. 224 78

A mathematical model is presented for the flow of aqueous humor in Schlemm's canal in the eye. The model introduces a canal segment between two collector channels as a rectangular channel with porous upper wall. Two cases have been considered in the model: (I) the inner porous wall of the canal is rigid; (II) the inner wall is collapsible. Analytical solution of the governing equation in case I is straightforward, whereas the nonlinear equation in case II is solved by an iterative procedure. Aqueous fluid pressure and flow profiles in the proposed model are drawn, and the effects of important parameters on these profiles are brought out and discussed. It is concluded that for case I, resistance to aqueous flow is influenced by the filtration constant of the trabecular and endothelial meshwork and that narrowing of the canal reduces outflow. In case II, an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) or compliance coefficient of the canal inner wall increases the collapse of the canal, which offers increased resistance to flow resulting in the decreased flow whereas increasing filtration constant facilitates aqueous outflow. These theoretical results suggest that increased IOP or decreased rigidity of the inner wall may contribute to the development of increased resistance as observed in some cases of glaucoma and that increasing values of filtration constant may contribute to the facility of outflow increase.
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PMID:Flow of aqueous humor in the canal of Schlemm. 252 24

Subconjunctival 5-FU injections were used as an adjunctive therapy in trabeculectomy for high risk glaucoma patients. We injected 5 mg once a day for five to seven days as a routine treatment. For the first 10 eyes, the injections were started immediately after the operation. However, for the remaining 9 eyes, the injections began 24 to 48 hours postoperative. If the appearance of the bleb was not prominent or enriched in vascularity, the duration of the injections should be extended to 10 to 14 days. At least 8 months of follow-up were available for 19 eyes, including aphakic glaucoma, 8 eyes; neovascular glaucoma, 2 eyes; previous failed filter, 6 eyes; total collapse of the anterior chamber with leucoma adherence, 1 eye; glaucoma due to mesodermal dysgenesis, 1 eye; and juvenile glaucoma, 1 eye (whose fellow eye had received twice failed filtering procedures). The results revealed a success rate of 79% (intraocular pressure below 22mmHg with or without topical medication). The success rate for aphakic glaucoma was 63% (5/8), for neovascular glaucoma 100% (2/2) and for the failed filters 83% (5/6). We also presume that 5-FU injections would be effective in the treatment of to abnormally marked fibrous proliferations caused by age factors. The complications related to the use of 5-FU include corneal epithelial defect 4/9 (21%), conjunctival leak 3/9 (16%), subconjunctival hematoma 1/19 (5%), and conjunctival sterile ulcer 1/19 (5%).
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PMID:[5-Fluorouracil in trabeculectomy: preliminary report]. 263 55


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