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Query: UMLS:C0344307 (analgesia)
 28,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) produces distortions of visual perception and analgesia. Evidence is advanced from a functional standpoint that the observed visual effects result from an attenuation of light-evoked input to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) from the purely centripetal pathways of the retina. More slowly responding visual afferents or those with more complex receptive fields seem to be affected most. LSD analgesia, accompanied by severe psychotic symptoms, appears to result from drug actions on a centrifugally controlled pain system involving neurons of the midbrain raphe.
Percept Mot Skills 1979 Oct
PMID:Distortions of vision and pain: two functional facets of D-lysergic acid diethylamide. 22 62

In our institution, plexus nerves blocks have been performed in seventy patients after lower limb surgery. The technique is considered as simple and reliable. The administration of a 0.375 per cent bupivacaine epinephrine containing solution allows to obtain analgesia longer than 15 hours in 45 p. 100 of the patients, devoided of side effects. Lower limb plexus nerves blocks appear as an efficient technique for postoperative analgesia following orthopaedic surgery.
Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 1992
PMID:[Plexus nerve blocks for postoperative analgesia after orthopedic surgery of the lower limbs]. 149 96

Eight patients with atopic eczema and six healthy subjects were given hypnotic suggestion to feel pain in the upper part of the back and in one case on the palm. An average local increase in skin temperature of 0.6 degrees C (detected by thermovision) occurred under this condition. For some patients cutaneous pain threshold was increased before the experiment by means of repetitive hypnotic suggestion of analgesia. These subjects reported feeling no pain subjectively, but the local change in skin temperature was equal in both cases. The results suggest a central mechanism induced by measuring changes in pain threshold in the skin, which changes are independent of local changes in blood flow.
Percept Mot Skills 1992 Jun
PMID:Increase in cutaneous temperature induced by hypnotic suggestion of pain. 160 10

The effect of frontoparietal sensorimotor (FPSM) cortex stimulation on both the spontaneous and the noxious evoked activity of neurons in the lateral reticular nucleus (LRN) was tested in barbiturate-anesthetized rats. Ninety-three LRN neurons that responded to a noxious heat stimulus (HS) were recorded (72% antidromically fired from the cerebellum). Of these, 66 neurons altered their spontaneous firing rates in response to cortical stimulation. Two patterns of responses were found: either an excitation followed by a suppression of spontaneous activity (52 neurons), or a pure suppression of spontaneous activity lasting 50-400 msec (14 neurons). In 46 of these neurons, it was found that cortical stimulation reduced HS-evoked activity to near the baseline level. Furthermore, it was found that when applied after a prolonged cortical stimulation, the HS was ineffective. It is concluded that FPSM cortex can influence nociceptive information in LRN neurons that respond to its stimulation, possibly interfering with the mechanisms underlying stimulation-produced analgesia (SPA). In this context, it is proposed that the cortex can modulate the activity of LRN neurons that activate, through local loops, a descending antinociceptive system and also a separate projection system to the cerebellum.
Somatosens Mot Res 1989
PMID:Cortical influences on neurons of the lateral reticular nucleus responding to noxious stimuli. 281 5

Evidence for the existence of exercise-induced analgesia has been weak, inconsistent, or anecdotal. The present study addresses criticisms of previous research by using a signal-detection analysis of pain perception in a within-subjects, repeated-measures research design with 22 endurance athletes who exercised in a naturalistic setting. Analysis showed discriminability measures from the lower intensities of a radiant-heat pain-perception task were significantly lower after exercise than the subjects' discriminability after a no-exercise period. This is consistent with discriminability decreases seen in studies of subjects who are under the influence of analgesic chemicals such as morphine and nitrous oxide. Discriminability differences were not seen in this study at the higher intensities of the stimulus, suggesting that exercise generates perceptual changes that may not reach pain-mediating levels. Visual analogue data suggest cognitive and motivational factors also play a role in report of pain after exercise.
Percept Mot Skills 1993 Jun
PMID:A test of exercise analgesia using signal detection theory and a within-subjects design. 833 83

Substance P (SP) levels in the spinal cords of very old rats are less than the levels in younger rats (Bergman et al., 1996). After injury to a peripheral nerve in young rats, immunoreactivity (ir) to the SP receptor, NK-1 (neurokinin-1), increases in the spinal cord ipsilateral to the injury and the increases are correlated with the development of thermal hyperalgesia (Goff et al., 1998). Thus we postulated that aged rats might display an increased sensitivity to thermal stimulation before peripheral nerve injury and that they might respond differently to injury than do younger rats. To test this hypothesis, we used the Bennett and Xie model (1988) of chronic constriction injury (CCI) to the sciatic nerve to induce a neuropathic pain condition. We investigated the effect of age on changes in NK-1 ir in superficial layers of the dorsal horn and on numbers of NK ir cells in deeper laminae at the L4-L5 levels of the spinal cord after CCI. NK-1 receptors were tagged immunohistochemically and their distribution quantified by use of computer-assisted image analysis. NK-1 ir changes were related to alterations in thermal and tactile sensitivity that developed after CCI in young, mature and aged (4-6, 14-16, and 24-26 months) Fischer F344 BNF1 hybrid rats. No differences in thermal or tactile sensitivity of young and aged rats were seen in the absence of nerve injury. After injury, aged rats developed thermal hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia more slowly than did the younger rats. NK-1 receptor ir and numbers of NK-1 ir cells in the dorsal horn increased with time post-injury in all three groups. NK-1 ir increases were correlated with the development of thermal hyperalgesia in those rats that displayed hyperalgesia. However, some rats developed an increased threshold to thermal stimuli (analgesia) and that also was correlated with increases in NK-1 ir. Thus NK-1 ir extent, while correlated with thermal sensitivity in the absence of injury, is not a specific marker for disturbances in one particular sensory modality; rather it increases with peripheral nerve injury per se.
Somatosens Mot Res 2001
PMID:Effect of aging on the substance P receptor, NK-1, in the spinal cord of rats with peripheral nerve injury. 1132 73

24 young (4 mo.) and 24 old (8 mo.) male Wistar rats were exposed for 30 min. on two consecutive days to either a sham-field or to a frequency-modulated magnetic field applied through a pair of solenoids (spatially heterogeneous strength) or a Helmholtz coil (spatially homogeneous strength). The maximum field strength was about 2 microTesla. The rats exposed to the spatially heterogeneous magnetic field but not the homogeneous magnetic field exhibited strong analgesia to thermal stimuli applied to the footpads immediately after the treatment and 30 min. later. The effect accommodated 38% of the variance in the latency to respond to the thermal stimuli. These results suggest that the practice by many researchers in bioelectromagnetism to design coils to generate maximum spatial homogeneity of intensities within the exposure volume when applying complex weak magnetic fields may actually diminish any biological effects.
Percept Mot Skills 2003 Jun
PMID:Spatial heterogeneity not homogeneity of the magnetic field during exposures to complex frequency-modulated patterns facilitates analgesia. 1283 Dec 82

There remains a good deal of controversy concerning forefoot surgery. Certain concepts such as conventional procedures, minimally invasive surgery, or percutaneous surgery are promoted because of their specific advantages including rapid recovery and compatibility with a short hospital stay or even outpatient surgery. Nevertheless, in 2005 many questions remain unanswered and highly variable practices have been basically founded on personal experience rather than scientific evidence. In addition, financial and lobbying pressure appears to have an influence on our choices, affecting the freedom of our therapeutic decision-making. Developed over a long period, conventional surgery has proven reliability, reproducibility and adaptability. Procedures termed minimally invasive are defined by the limited incision. Percutaneous surgery is not less invasive than other procedures; the techniques are performed under indirect visual control and often assisted with more or less sophisticated radioscopic techniques depending on the surgeon's own experience. In our opinion, percutaneous surgery should be considered as a new concept based on rapid and functional results. Patients often raise the question of a bilateral procedure. For hallux valgus, there is no consensus on whether unilateral or bilateral procedures are better, the best solution depending on postoperative weight bearing and thus on the technique employed. From a cost expenditures point of view, bilateral procedures have an impact. For the advantages in terms of macroeconomy for professional incapacity, the question is less univocal for healthcare authorities. Advances in perioperative anesthesia and analgesia have enabled a broader approach to ambulatory surgery. Outpatient surgery appears to have benefits in terms of organization and economics. Variables studied were as follows: duration of hospital stay, postoperative edema, number of days of sick leave and preoperative and early and late postoperative pain. Patients who underwent minimally invasive procedures had a significantly shorter hospital stay compared with three other groups. For bilateral procedures, hospital stay on average was longer than in the two other groups. There was no correlation between postoperative edema and pain or between the degree of edema at 15 days and two months. Mean sick leave was 54.6 days. This was significantly shorter for percutaneous procedures compared with conventional surgery or minimally invasive techniques. Preoperative pain was noted four to five on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). There was no significant difference between the different groups as a function of the type of surgery performed. Statistically, there is very little difference in the short term between the different techniques. A much longer study would be necessary to obtain evidence to guide our practices. While there is certainly no reason to condemn one method or another, surgeons must be careful about the promises given to patients which are generally based on personal experience but not necessarily supported by rigorous scientific data.
Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 2008 Apr
PMID:[Hallux valgus surgery in 2005. Conventional, mini-invasive or percutaneous surgery? Uni- or bilateral? Hospitalisation or one-day surgery?]. 1842 55