Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0344307 (analgesia)
 28,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The following results were obtained in an experimental study in the dogs in general pentobarbital anaesthesia: Lidocaine type antiarrhythmics (lidocaine, Xylocaine ASTRA, Ethmozin USSR) administered shortly before artery ligation have a pro-fibrillation effect. This effect is indirectly proportional to the ischaemic focus development. A 3rd-generation beta blocker with intrinsic sympathetic activity (celiprolol, Selectol Chemie-Linz) had the same electrostabilizing effect on the ventricles in the acute phase of ischaemia as a 1st-generation beta blocker (metipranolol, Trimepranol SPOFA). The 3rd-generation blocker, however, stopped short of provoking a drop in the heart rate invariably associated with the 1st-generation beta blocker. The analgesic fentanyl (G. Richter) in combination with benzodiazepine (m,idazolam, Dormicum Hoffmann-La Roche) inducs analgosedation. In this way the dose of the analgetic can be reduced and yet the analgesia and electrostability of the heart remain the same. Due to the lower dose of the analgesic there is a lesser decrease in the heart rate and blood pressure. Analgosedation can be discontinued by administering an antagonist-agonist of benzodiazepines (flumazenil, Anexate Hoffmann-La Roche) or an antagonist of potent analgesics (butorphanol, Beforal SPOFA) without the risk of eliminating, at the same time, the electrostabilizing effect of analgosedation on the ischaemically damaged ventricles of the heart. For the prevention of sudden coronary death due to ventricular fibrillation in the acute phase of local myocardial ischaemia we can, on the basis of our experimental results, recommend analgosedation and the use of beta blockers with intristic sympathetic action. The use of lidocaine antiarrhythmics may lead to a reduction in the electric stability of the heart ventricles the ischaemic focus is developing under a certain "critical" blood level of the antiarrhythmics.
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PMID:Prevention of sudden coronary death. 167 65

In 1988, the specific benzodiazepine antagonist, flumazenil (Anexate Roche), was introduced in clinical practice in Czechoslovakia for analgesia. A pilot study was initiated to establish whether .1 mg of flumazenil iv was capable of accelerating the psychic recovery of women after abortion. 30 healthy women aged 17-25 received a combination of .1 mg/kg-1 diazepam iv together with .88 mg/kg-1 ketamine iv. Another group of 10 women of the same age range were given .05 mg/kg-1 of midazolam iv. Flumazenil, in a dose of .1 mg iv, was administered to the women following the completion of the procedure, i.e., about 5-7 minutes after giving benzodiazepine. The effect of flumazenil became apparent 30 seconds after iv administration. The hypnotic-sedative effect of benzodiazepine set in after 30-60 seconds, and its biological half-life was 50-60 minutes. After administration of midazolam, an especially strong sedative effect was produced for operative intervention. The psychic effects of ketamine lasted only a little while and no occurrence of psychomimetic symptoms were observed as determined by an orientation test of place, time, and space. Retrograde amnesia was complete during the procedure. Partial amnesia occurred after administration of flumazenil. The lowest flumazenil doses antagonized only the hypnotic and sedative effects of benzodiazepine but did not influence the anxiolytic and amnestic effects. Systolic pressure increased by 10 torr: the pulse rate increased on the average from 74.4 - 84.8 beats/minute. Mild ataxia occurred in women who attempted to get out of bed, but 60 minutes after completion of the procedure, the patients were able to walk without ataxia. It was clearly demonstrated that the sedative-hypnotic effects of benzodiazepine can be subdued after abortion, shortening the period required for the recovery of the patient.
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PMID:[Initial experience with flumazenil (Anexate Roche) for abortion]. 250 17

Benzodiazepines are widely used as neuroleptics in anaesthesia, but they give rise to drowsiness at the end of surgery. Anexate is an imidazobenzodiazepine with specific antagonistic activity for benzodiazepines. We have administered 0.2 mg i.v. of the drug to 20 adult patients after anaesthesia with tiopentale (250 mg), pancuronium bromide (0.07 mg.kg-1), flunitrazepam (2 mg) and fentanyl (0.10 mg); after the first dose fentanyl was administered (0.10 mg) about every 30 minute. Analgesia was supplemented with nitrous oxide 66%. Blood pressure and heart rate did not changes significantly after Anexate; respiratory volume increased significantly in all cases (ANOVA P less than 0.001). Consciousness was rapidly resumed in all cases and patients demonstrated to be oriented in time and space soon after Anexate. In 14 out of 20 patients drowsiness reappeared after about 30 minute and further doses of 0.1 mg of the drug (to a maximum of 0.4 mg in some cases) were necessary. Side effects were rare and slight, their occurrence depending on the speed of administration. In our opinion a total dose of 0.3 to 0.4 mg Anexate is need to fully antagonize the sedative effect of 2 mg flunitrazepam.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of Ro 15-1788, Anexate after balanced intravenous anesthesia with flunitrazepam and fentanyl]. 251 85