Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0344307 (analgesia)
 28,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

RMI 61 140, RMI 61 144 and RMI 61 280 are newly synthetized N-[8-R-dibenzo(b,f)oxepin-10-yl]-N'-methyl-piperazine-maleates which show interesting psychopharmacologic effects. This work contains the results of a study performed with these three compounds, in order to demonstrate their neuropsycholeptic activity in comparison with chloropromazine (CPZ) and chlordiazepoxide (CPD). The inhibition of motility observed in mice shows that the compounds reduce the normal spontaneous motility as well as the muscle tone. The central-depressant activity is evidenced by increased barbiturate-induced sleep and a remarkable eyelid ptosis can also be observed. Our compounds do not show any activity on electroshock just as do CPZ and CPD. As to the antipsychotic outline, our compounds show strong reduction of lethality due to amphetamine in grouped mice and a strong antiapomorphine activity. They show also an antiaggressive effect and an inhibitory activity on avoidance behaviour much stronger than CPZ. We have also found extrapyramidal effects, as catalepsy, common to many tranquillizers of the kind of the standards used by us. As for vegetative phenomena, the compounds show hypotensive dose related action ranging from moderate to strong, probably due to an a-receptor inhibition. Adrenolytic activity against lethal doses of adrenaline, antiserotonin and antihistaminic effects, as well as other actions (hypothermia, analgesia, etc.) confirm that RMI 61 140, RMI 61 144 and RMI 61 280 are endowed with pharmacologic properties similar and more potent than those of CPZ. Studies on the metabolism of brain catecholamines show that they are similar to CPZ, although with less effect on dopamine level.
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PMID:Pharmacological properties of new neuroleptic compounds. 0 25

It is proposed that the direct analgesic effect of morphine becomes attenuated over the course of successive administrations of the narcotic by a conditioned, compensatory, hyperalgesic response elicited by the administration procedure, the net result being analgesic tolerance. Using the "hot plate" analgesia assessment situation with rats, this conditioning view of tolerance is supported by several findings: (a) It is necessary to have reliable environmental cues predicting the systemic effects of morphine if tolerance is to be observed, (b) a hyperalgesic conditioned response may be observed in morphine-tolerant subjects when drug administration cues are followed by a placebo, and (c) merely by repeatedly presenting environmental cues previously associated with morphine (but now presented with a placebo), morphine tolerance can be extinguished.
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PMID:Evidence from rats that morphine tolerance is a learned response. 0 Apr 25

The analgesic activity of delta9THC, morphine and sodium salicylate was studied concomitantly with changes in brain stem levels of 5HT, 5HIAA, DA and NA. The results show that a correlation exists between analgesia and changes in the serotonergic system of the brain stem. Furthermore morphine sulfate was found to increase the DA concentration of the brain stem while delta9THC increased NA levels. We conclude that serotonergic system may be of major importance in analgesia while simultaneous changes in this system and/or the DA and NA systems may lead to a more pronounced analgesic activity.
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PMID:An attempt to correlated analgesia to changes in brain neuromediators in rats. 0 Jul 46

A statistical study bearing upon othe fall of blood pressure concomitant with the setting of peridural anaesthesia was carried out upon an homogeneous series of patients over 75 belonging to groups III and IV of the A S A classification for interventions seating below the IXth metamere. From this study, it seems to follow that: - for starting maximum arterial tensions over 180 mm/Hg, pressure falls are virtually constant in absolute value; - the most important variations in pressure falls are to be found in abdominal surgery; - the lowest figure in blood pressure which accompanies the achievement of surgical analgesia takes place about the 24 th minute whatever the type of surgery can be; - no significant link can be evidence between the importance of the fall in blood pressure and the consumption of the mixture required for surgical analgesia.
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PMID:[Study of pressor drops during continuous peridural analgesia in gerontologic surgery]. 0 59

Within the limits granted, neuroleptanalgesia constitutes a very interesting technique in the major part of management of labour. In particular it has the advantage of preserving maternal consciousness. On the other hand, it allows analgesia of rather long duration, which renders early management of labour possible while still respecting its physiology. The institution of this technique demands the presence at the parturients bedside, not only of the obstetrician and the medwife but also that of a qualified anesthetist. As in all cases of major management of labour it engages the responsability of the obstetrical team which undertakes it and this is even more so, the earlier it is started. To us its indications seem comparable with those of Gamma OH: the early management of labour however has the advantage over the latter of preserving maternal consciouness. Moreover it proved to be particularly interesting in the management of breech presentations. But if its properties are an advantage in the indications which we have just mentioned, they can constitute an invonvenience and restrain its use under different circumstances: its slowness of induction, the absence of narcosis which limits the effect on cervical resistance means that one prefers the Toulouse method using pentothal for the management of labour after 7 centimeters of dilatation. In conclusion, it seems important to us to state that neuroleptanalgesia is not the ideal method for management of labour any more than is thiopental or Gamma-OH. Other techniques merit being studied. Their study must obey strict rules in order to specify the risks and therefore the indications and limits. It should cover different fields which are, pharmacology, the objective assessment, by quantitative criteria, of the effects on uterine contraction, on the mother's clinical and biological state as well as that of the fetus in utero, then that of the child in the first hours of live and up to the first years of his development.
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PMID:[Primary management of labor using neuroleptic analgesia]. 0 85

A double-blind random study compared the effects of lorazepam and pantopon an intra-muscular premedication in healthy women for uterine curettage (D & C). Anxiety, as assessed by a self-rating test by the patient and by a trained observer, showed a significant reduction at one and one-half hours after lorazepam and a smaller reduction after pantopon, which was not significant. Sedation was satisfactory with no significant difference between the two drugs in the change before and after the premedication. Lorazepam showed much more amnesia than pantopon (p less than 0.001). The patients who had lorazepam required higher doses of thiopentone for the operation, and this, in part, led to longer intervals in recovery times after lorazepam. However, it is suggested that lorazepam itself was partly responsible for the longer recovery. Pantopon was followed by more nausea, vomiting and headaches, than lorazepam. The intra-muscular injection of lorazepam hurt more patients than did pantopon, but other local complications were negligible and comparable in both groups. The results of this study show that lorazepam produces better reduction of anxiety and much more amnesia than pantopon, with comparable sedation and much less nausea and vomiting. The only disadvantage of lorazepam is the lack of analgesia and, therefore, the need for more anaesthesia during the operation. The conclusion is that lorazepam is a very satisfactory premedication and warrants more use as such.
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PMID:Lorazepam as a premedication. 0 77

213 caesarean sections and 157 hysterectomies were carried out in gilts and sows with different body weight (table I). The neuroleptic Azaperone and the hypnotic Metomidate were used for anaesthesia with different administration (table II). Local analgesia and premedication with Atropine. The duration of the anaesthesia was 45 minutes and where prolongation was necessary, Metomidate, Azaperone or barbiturates were used alone or in combinations once or more. The indications (table III) for caesarean section were retarded birth in 70 sows, dislocation of uterus in 74 sows and in 69 sows by other indications. Hysterectomy was indicated by retarded birth in 93 sows, dislocations of uterus in 40 cases and in 24 cases by other indications. In 183 operations (table IV) 1006 living piglets were delivered, and 703 were alive at discharge (70%). The chances of survival depends on the composition of the litter, in litters of piglets alive only, 76% survived at discharge; in litters consisting of both alive and stillborn 69% survived and 59% survived in litters consisting of piglets alive and post mortem piglets. The total survival of the sows was 78%, 80% after caesarean section and 76% after hysterectomy. It is pointed out that most of the patients operated were in a very late phase of birth.
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PMID:[Caesarean section in sows anesthetized with Azaperone and Metomidate (author's transl)]. 0 2

In 105 normal spontaneous deliveries the effect of inhalation analgesia with Methoxyfluran (Penthrane) was studied. Penthrane was administered intermittently with the Penthrane oxilator (Rod inhalator of Abbott). The initial concentration was 0.25 volume%. The maximal concentration was 0.35 volume% of Penthrane. Fetal monitoring records were obtained in all deliveries. In 49 cases (46.7%) intra- and post-partum microblood studies were obtained. In 85 women (81.0%) the result of the analgesia was good. Nausea occurred in 21 women (20%). There were no abnormal fetal monitoring patterns. The Apgar scores of the newborns were between 8 and 10. The actual pH's were between 7.24 and 7.41. The third stage of labour was normal in all cases.
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PMID:[Inhalation analgesia with methoxyfluran (penthrane) in obstetrics (author's transl)]. 0 53

A study was performed on a series of healthy patients undergoing laparoscopy for tubal ligation with local anesthesia in a non-operating room setting. Ventilatory parameters, blood gas, pH, blood pressure, and pulse were monitored. The results revealed that no adverse effect on hemoglobin saturation or carbon dioxide exchange were found when fentanyl alone was used as a supplementary analgesic. An occasional vagal reflex was observed, and it is recommended that an intravenous line be established in the event that pharmacologic intervention should become necessary. Nitrous oxide produced les with this minimal analgesia.
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PMID:Ventilatory and blood gas changes during laparoscopy with local anesthesia. 0 71

A rise in fetal Paco2 was observed after elective cesarean section in patients anesthetized both with a barbiturate and with nitrous oxide/oxygen. Epidural analgesia seemed to be a good alternative in order to attain better blood gas values in the newborn infant. Fourteen healthy mothers and their infants were studied in connection with elective cesarean section. Epidural analgesia with plain bupivacaine 0.75% was used. Doses varied between 90 and 120 mg. The time between the epidural injection and delivery was around 50 min. In six cases the fetal heart rate was registered continuously. Most of the mothers were sedated with diazepam intravenously or fully anesthetized, after delivery. The mothers were interviewed later. The respiratory adaptation of the infants was studied by blood gas and acid-base measurements in repeated arterial samples during the first 3 hours of life. A comparison was made with a group previously studied, where general anesthesia with a barbiturate, nitrous oxide/oxygen was the method used. The present material showed no differences concerning Pao2 and Paco2 but clearly indicated a tendency towards an earlier normalization of the initial metabolic acidosis. Mothers showed a respiratory alkalosis which was overcompensated by the metabolic component. Maternal blood pressure falls were observed in four cases, and fetal effects could be detected. Although epidural analgesia has a more favorable effect upon the newborn's metabolic component, both the compared methods allow good respiratory adaptation provided they are used correctly. Mothers can be given the opportunity to choose between being conscious or asleep when their child is delivered.
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PMID:Anesthesia for cesarean section III: effects of epidural analgesia on the respiratory adaptation of the newborn in elective cesarean section. 0 47


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