Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0344307 (analgesia)
 28,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fourteen patients with a variety of neoplasms not responsive to standard forms of therapy underwent whole body hyperthermia for a maximum 4 h at 41.8 degrees C. This was a phase-I cancer trial designed to develop whole body hyperthermia as an adjuvant to systemic chemotherapy. Intravenous analgesia was used to sedate patients, obviating the need for general endotracheal anesthesia. Hyperthermia was induced by means of a high-flow water perfusion suit. Cardiovascular performance was evaluated using a flow-directed pulmonary artery catheter. Patients developed a twofold mean increase in cardiac index without evidence of cardiac damage by ECG or creatine phosphokinase (CPK) isoenzymes. An acute fall in serum magnesium and phosphate and an acute rise in arterial pH, serum CPK values, and granulocyte count occurred in all patients. There were no clotting abnormalities. Toxicity included fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, and transient elevations in liver enzymes. Four patients were febrile for 36 h after initial defervescence. Peripheral neuropathy developed in four. These results show that with carefully monitored conditions whole body hyperthermia is feasible.
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PMID:Whole body hyperthermia: a phase-I trial of a potential adjuvant to chemotherapy. 42 99

Leucocyte counts, rectal temperature, P-cortisol, P-glucose, P-transferrin, P-orosomucoid, P-IgM and hematocrit were investigated in 24 men undergoing inguinal herniotomy. The patients were randomised to epidural analgesia (n = 8), local infiltration anaesthesia (n = 8) or local infiltration anaesthesia plus local wound hypothermia with ice bags (n = 8). The rectal temperature rose (p less than 0.01) in patients randomised to epidural analgesia but not in the other groups. However, blood granulocyte and acute phase protein changes were similar in all groups. The neural blockade was sufficient in all patients as judged by lack of increase in P-cortisol and P-glucose. Thus, local infiltration anaesthesia and wound hypothermia could not prevent the inflammatory response to small clean surgery.
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PMID:Influence of local anaesthesia and local hypothermia on leucocyte, temperature, and transferrin response to surgery. 156 99

Body temperature, P-cortisol, P-glucose, P-transferrin, P-orosomucoid, P-IgM, hematocrit and total and differential leucocyte counts were investigated in 16 men undergoing inguinal herniotomy. The patients were randomized to epidural analgesia (n = 8) or epidural analgesia + assumed blockade of prostaglandin synthesis, blockade of receptors for histamine1, histamine2 and serotonin2, and inhibition of fibrinolysis with indomethacin, astemizole, ranitidine, ketanserin and tranexamic acid, respectively (n = 8). The rectal temperature and blood granulocyte counts rose significantly and similarly after surgery in both groups. Acute-phase protein (transferrin and orosomucoid) changes were also similar in both groups, as were P-cortisol and P-glucose, which did not increase in response to the neural blockade. Other factors than neural stimuli, prostaglandins, histamine, serotonin and activation of fibrinolysis are concluded to be effective in releasing postoperative leucocytosis, rise in body temperature and changes in acute-phase proteins.
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PMID:Influence of combined neural blockade, H1- and H2-receptor and serotonin2-receptor blockade, indomethacin and tranexamic acid on leucocyte, temperature and acute-phase protein response to surgery. 245 59

Blood leucocyte-counts, cortisol, and glucose were measured in twelve healthy premenopausal women undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy during either general anaesthesia (six women) or epidural analgesia (T4 to S5) (six women). Surgery during general anaesthesia caused significant lymphopenia 6 and 9 h after skin incision and significantly increased granulocyte-counts 6, 9, and 24 h after skin incision. Epidural analgesia prevented lymphopenia and reduced granulocytosis to about 40% of that seen in the group receiving general anaesthesia. The normal increase in plasma glucose and cortisol during and after surgery was abolished by epidural analgesia. These results indicate that neurogenic stimuli from the surgical area, probably through their influence on adrenal hormones (cortisol and adrenaline), are the main mediators of postoperative lymphopenia and are partly responsible for postoperative granulocytosis. Inhibition of the endocrine-metabolic response to surgery may prevent postoperative immunodepression.
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PMID:Prevention of postoperative lymphopenia and granulocytosis by epidural analgesia. 610 39

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and endogenous opioids (EOPs) such as methionine-enkephalin (Met-enk) regulate similar physiological responses, but it is not known whether nociceptive and immune responses also show analogy after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) application. Dose-response studies show that Met-enk stimulates the blood granulocyte and splenic natural killer (NK) cell function of Lewis rats at a low dose (10(2) ng/kg, i.c.v.), whereas a high dose (10(5) ng/kg) causes suppression of innate immune functions associated with analgesia in the hot-plate test. At 15 min, 1 h and 24 h after i.c.v. application, both Met-enk (10(2) ng/kg) and NPY (1 ng/kg) produced similar effects: An initial suppression of innate immune function was followed by a long lasting stimulatory action on cell functions and serum interleukin-6 (sIL-6) levels. Thus, central NPY application resembles Met-enk-induced immunostimulation at doses not affecting nociception, suggesting an involvement of both peptides in shaping stress-induced immunomodulation of the non-analgetic form, possibly via activation of a common immunomodulatory effector mechanism.
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PMID:Centrally applied NPY mimics immunoactivation induced by non-analgesic doses of met-enkephalin. 987 22

A total of 197 patients were subjected to planned sanitization of the oral cavity in St. Petersburg specialized dental hospital for short-term treatment. Critical values of blood parameters were determined for preventing the complications after planned sanitization. The probability of complications is lower if blood hemoglobin level is at least 100 g/liter, granulocyte count at least (1.5-2.0).10(9)/liter, platelet count at least 60.10(9)/liter, and erythrocyte content in patients with polycythaemia vera no more than (4.5-5.0).10(12)/liter. Preparation of patients to treatment carried out by a dentist together with a hematologist and total analgesia help eliminate stress reactions and effectively and timely correct the complications developing during treatment. This means that oral sanitization in patients with diseases of the blood system should be carried out at dental hospitals for short-term treatment.
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PMID:[The characteristics of the oral health promotion of patients with hematological diseases]. 1045 7

This study was performed in order to evaluate the toxicities, progression-free and overall survival of patients with responsive residual or recurrent ovarian cancer treated with high-dose chemotherapy. Twenty-seven patients were treated. Doxorubicin, 165 mg/m(2) over 96 h (days -12 to -8), etoposide 700 mg/m(2) every day x3 (days -6 to -4), and cyclophosphamide 4.2 g/m(2) on d -3 was followed by stem cells and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. The median days of granulocyte count <500/microl was 14 (range 10-42) and platelets <20,000/microl was 13 (range 2-80). Median numbers of red cell and platelet transfusions were 15 (5-16) and 14 (4-103). Toxicity included mucositis requiring narcotic analgesia in all patients. Asymptomatic decreases in ejection fraction to values <50% were observed in four patients. No clinical congestive heart failure was observed. One death due to sepsis was observed. Median progression-free survival is 7.5 months (1.0-56 months); five patients remain alive, two of whom remain progression-free at 19.5 and 24.5 months post transplant. Median overall survival is 14.0 months (1-68 months). We conclude that high-dose anthracyclines may be safely administered to ovarian cancer patients. The short overall and progression-free survivals observed in our population suggest that this combination is not optimal.
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PMID:Phase II trial of high-dose intravenous doxorubicin, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide with autologous stem cell support in patients with residual or responding recurrent ovarian cancer. 1178 46

Lidocaine hydrochloride (Lido) is widely used for analgesia in veterinary medicine; however, in humans, it has been suggested that Lido attenuates granulocyte functions, such as adhesion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Thus, Lido may affect canine granulocyte function; however, there have been no reports on the effects of Lido on canine granulocyte function. Thus, we studied the effects of Lido on canine granulocyte CD11b expression and ROS production. We further studied the effects of Lido on the priming of canine granulocyte CD11b expression and ROS production by recombinant canine granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (rcGM-CSF). Isolated granulocytes were incubated with 3, 30 or 300 microg/ml Lido, or with Lido followed by priming with 5 ng/ml rcGM-CSF. CD11b was detected by the immune fluorescent antibody method, and the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) was assayed by flow cytometry. ROS production was assessed by the peak time (PT) of ROS production and area under the luminol reaction curve (AUC), which represents total ROS production quantity against opsonized zymosan stimuli. Only 300 microg/ml Lido (tissue level observed by regional block) significantly attenuated both the MFI of CD11b and its enhancement by rcGM-CSF. Moreover, at this concentration, the AUC and its enhancement by rcGM-CSF were significantly attenuated by Lido; in contrast, Lido did not affect PT. In conclusion, Lido suppressed granulocyte adhesion to the endothelium and antiseptic capability by suppressing CD11b expression and/or ROS production. Particular care should thus be exercised when performing regional anesthesia block using Lido.
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PMID:Effects of lidocaine hydrochloride on canine granulocytes, granulocyte CD11b expression and reactive oxygen species production. 1994 Mar 95