Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0344307 (analgesia)
 28,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Trace element (TE) content (zinc, copper, selenium, chromium) in different body media during surgery and anesthesia has been studied in 56 patients with esophageal and gastric cancer. It has been established that the components of modern analgesia have different effects on intra- and extracellular zinc, copper, selenium and chromium migration. Hexenal decreases TE blood plasma level and simultaneously increases their erythrocyte concentration. The administration of the first doses of depolarizing myorelaxants causes an increase in blood plasma and a decrease in erythrocyte zinc, copper, selenium and chromium content. Subsequent doses of depolarizing myorelaxants have no such effect. The most traumatic moment of the operation is accompanied by an increase in blood plasma and a decrease in erythrocyte TE content. Upon the operation and anesthesia the TE levels under study reach baseline values. In the first 24 hours after surgical intervention there is a decrease in TE erythrocyte concentration and an increase in their blood plasma and daily urine content.
 ...
PMID:[Changes in the concentration of microelements in different body media during general anesthesia and surgery in patients with cancer of the stomach and esophagus]. 195 40

Hemodynamic response to induction to anesthesia and tracheal intubation was assessed in 132 patients with gastric cancer divided into groups depending on the method of induction. Group I was administered thiopental sodium at a dose of 4-5 mg/kg, group II--thiopental sodium at the same dose and fentanyl (1.5 micrograms/kg), group III--thiopental sodium at the same dose with local laryngeal anesthesia using a 10% lidocaine solution, group IV--propanidid (4-5 micrograms/kg), and fentanyl (1.5 micrograms/kg), group V--thiopental sodium at the same dose and fentanyl (3-5 micrograms/kg), group VI--diazepam (15-20 mg) and fentanyl (3-5 micrograms/kg). Tracheal intubation followed dithylin injection without premedication. It has been established that adequate analgesia achieved by fentanyl (3-5 micrograms/kg) administration is the main factor that has a stabilizing effect on circulation during induction to anesthesia involving tracheal intubation. Lower drug doses and local laryngeal anesthesia proved effective in less than one third of patients. Circulatory response to pressor-depressor induction factors depends significantly on the baseline cardiac output and BP values and to a lesser extent on circulating blood volume (CBV) deficiency. Preoperative volume expansion with 12-15 ml/kg infusions stabilizes circulation parameters even in the absence of CBV deficiency, which confirms the functional nature of hypovolemia in patients with gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:[An evaluation of the effect of certain factors on the hemodynamics during anesthesia induction in stomach cancer patients]. 235 42

The influence of continuous epidural morphine on the recovery course of intestinal activity, urinary function, and ambulation after surgery was studied in 40 patients who underwent either gastrectomy for gastric cancer or cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis. Compared with a control group of patients whose postoperative pain was managed by pentazocine or hydroxyzine as before, the length of time before passing flatus or faeces was significantly shortened in the morphine groups (P < 0.05). Following gastrectomy, the urinary catheter was able to be removed significantly earlier in the morphine group (P < 0.05) although there was no statistical difference between both cholecystectomy groups. The morphine group experienced no difficulty with postoperative ambulation and exercise, although the difference in time before ambulation between the two groups was not considered significant. The results of this study led us to conclude that the postoperative continuous epidural infusion of morphine would be more beneficial following major abdominal surgery than the conventionally used methods of administering postoperative analgesia.
 ...
PMID:The usefulness of postoperative continuous epidural morphine in abdominal surgery. 846 68

Cancer is an age-associated disease, and 55% of newly diagnosed cases and 67% of cancer deaths are in those above 65 years. There has recently been increasing interest in geriatric oncology, and more of the elderly are being screened for early cancer detection. Elderly cancer patients present problems not only because of their primary disease, but also because of comorbidity, reduced functional reserve, and diminished social support. Because of this combination of factors many of them need the specially skilled nursing care available in special units. 304 elderly cancer patients were admitted to our "skilled nursing division" of 156 beds during the 6 years 1987-1992. They represented 16% of all admissions and their average age was 78 +/- 0.4 (SD). Mean survival after admission was 4.1 +/- 0.4 months. In the 143 men it was 3.1 +/- 0.4 months and in the 161 women, significantly longer, 4.9 +/- 0.5. The most common location in men was colorectal (22.6%), followed by prostate (16%), while in women it was breast (25.4%), followed by colorectal (16.0%). The longest survival was for women with breast cancer (9.1 +/- 1.3 months) and the shortest for women with gastric cancer (1.9 +/- 0.6). On admission 81% had more than 1 comorbid condition: 91% had restricted mobility, 215 urinary incontinence and 12% various kinds of stomas. Serious conditions were urinary tract infections in 40%, sepsis 20%, pneumonia 12%, gastrointestinal bleeding 10% and bedsores in 7%. 77% needed intravenous fluids and/or drugs for infections, 50% narcotics for analgesia, 27% nasogastric tubes, 20% blood transfusions, 6% debridement, and 5% paracentesis. The elderly with cancer are the most difficult long term patients to treat, since their conditions are dynamic, continuously deteriorating, and they require intensive medical, nursing and psychological care.
 ...
PMID:[Elderly cancer patients requiring skilled nursing care]. 894 Apr 96

In a 32 years old patient with advanced gastric cancer epidural analgesia with local anaesthetic and morphine via a thoracic epidural catheter was required because of intractable pain and intolerable side effects of intravenous morphine. In spite of good efficacy it was decided to remove the catheter because of technical problems and the risk of infection during chemotherapy. Analgesic therapy proceeded to non-invasive transdermal fentanyl, using an intravenous fentanyl pca-pump during transition. The equipotent daily dose ratio of epidural morphine to transdermal fentanyl was calculated as 2.25:1.
 ...
PMID:[Conversion from peridural to transdermal opiate analgesia in abdominal tumor pain syndrome]. 926 19

A general somatic syndromal approach to evaluation of clinical status by SAPS II and APACH II scores was used in 41 patients operated on for gastric cancer. Epidural analgesia in these patients promoted rapid regression of the severity of condition, did not require high opioid doses, had a positive effect on the peristaltic activity of the intestine, and accelerated treatment in intensive care wards.
 ...
PMID:[Comparative evaluation of methods of analgesia after operations on the stomach]. 1185 62

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is a widely accepted technique for early gastric cancer because it is minimally invasive; however, incomplete resection with subsequent cancer recurrence in the remnant remains a difficult problem. Generally, the margins of the local recurrence lesions are unclear, and second EMR is difficult to perform because of scar formation after the first EMR. We performed a laparoscopic treatment on six patients with residual lesions after EMR and reviewed the safety and efficacy of this management. Laparoscopic management consisted of two techniques: laparoscopic wedge resection with a lesion-lifting method and laparoscopic-assisted distal gastrectomy with mini-laparotomy. Cancerous lesions were completely resected with sufficient surgical margins circumferentially. Mean operative time was 171 min, mean estimated blood loss was 16.5 g, time to first walking was 1 day, duration of epidural analgesia was 2.2 days, and mean length of hospital stay was 13.5 days. There were no intra- and postoperative complications, no conversion to open surgery, and no recurrence after surgery. No patients died of gastric cancer during a median follow-up of 60.3 months (range, 38-84). Laparoscopic management for residual lesions of early gastric cancer after EMR is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive procedure by which curative resection can be expected.
 ...
PMID:Laparoscopic management for local recurrence of early gastric cancer after endoscopic mucosal resection. 1586 63

Even after receiving analgesia, patients with gastric and liver cancer still report moderate levels of postoperative pain. The purpose of the study was to investigate the efficacy of foot reflexotherapy as adjuvant therapy in relieving pain and anxiety in postoperative patients with gastric cancer and hepatocellular cancer. The study design was a randomized controlled trial. Data were collected from 4 surgical wards of a medical center in 2005 in Taipei, Taiwan. Sixty-one patients who had received surgery for gastric cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma were randomly allocated to an intervention (n = 30) or control (n = 31) group. Patients in the intervention group received the usual pain management plus 20 minutes of foot reflexotherapy during postoperative days 2, 3, and 4. Patients in the control group received usual pain management. Outcome measures included the short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, visual analog scale for pain, summary of the pain medications consumed, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results demonstrated that studied patients reported moderately high levels of pain and anxiety postoperatively while patients were managed with patient-controlled analgesia. Using generalized estimation equations and controlling for confounding variables, less pain (P < .05) and anxiety (P < .05) over time were reported by the intervention group compared with the control group. In addition, patients in the intervention group received significantly less opioid analgesics than the control group (P < .05). Findings from this study provide nurses with an additional treatment to offer postoperative digestive cancer patients.
 ...
PMID:Effects of reflexotherapy on acute postoperative pain and anxiety among patients with digestive cancer. 1849 Aug 86

A 74-year-old man with gastric cancer was complicated with abdominal aortic aneurysm. A two-stage operation was scheduled (repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm and subsequent gastrectomy). He also had severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We planned to maintain spontaneous breathing during operations under epidural anesthesia and light general anesthesia. For the first surgery, two epidural catheters were placed at T1-2 and T7-8 on the day before surgery. After establishing epidural anesthesia, general anesthesia was induced and maintained with midazolam, fentanyl and sevoflurane, but without muscle relaxants under BIS monitoring. Ropivacaine solution 0.375% was infused through an epidural catheter to provide analgesia, and spontaneous breathing was kept throughout the procedure. Surgery lasted 4 hours and 50 minutes, and patient recovered without complications. Forty days after the first surgery, the second operation was scheduled. Anesthetic management was almost the same as in the first one, except for the use of dexmedetomizine rather than sevoflurane. In both operations, sufficient analgesia was provided with epidural anesthesia, and the surgeons rated muscle relaxation as satisfactory. No respiratory complications developed postoperatively. Maintaining spontaneous breathing during abdominal surgery using epidural anesthesia and light general anesthesia is a good option for COPD patients.
 ...
PMID:[Anesthetic management of a patient with severe combined pulmonary disease under epidural anesthesia with spontaneous respiration]. 1851 92

Laparoscopic resection of rectal cancer or gastric cancer has been advocated for the benefits of a reduced morbidity, a shorter treatment time, and similar outcomes. However, simultaneous laparoscopy-assisted low anterior resection and distal gastrectomy for synchronous carcinoma of rectum and stomach are rarely documented in literature. Endoscopic examination revealed a synchronous carcinoma of rectum and stomach in a 55-year-old male patient with rectal bleeding and epigastric discomfort. He underwent a simultaneous laparoscopy-assisted low anterior resection and distal gastrectomy with regional lymph nodes dissected. The operation time was 270 min and the estimated blood loss was 120 mL. The patient required parenteral analgesia for less than 24 h. Flatus was passed on postoperative day 3, and a solid diet was resumed on postoperative day 7. He was discharged on postoperative day 13. With the advances in laparoscopic technology and experience, simultaneous resection is an attractive alternative to a synchronous gastrointestinal cancer.
 ...
PMID:Simultaneous laparoscopy-assisted low anterior resection and distal gastrectomy for synchronous carcinoma of rectum and stomach. 1852 44


1 2 Next >>