Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0344307 (analgesia)
 28,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Leaf and bark extracts of Byrsonima crassifolia displayed concentration-dependent, spasmogenic effects on rat fundus in vitro and biphasic effects on rat jejunum and ileum in vitro. Dose-related in vivo effects in intact rats using hippocratic screening were: decrease in motor activity, mild analgesia, back tonus, enophthalmos, reversible palpebral ptosis, ear blanching, Robichaud positive, catalepsy (awake) and strong hypothermia. Rat fundus in vitro was used as the bioassay to carry out an activity-directed separation. Bioactive material was concentrated in a 2% acetic acid leaf extract (HOAcE). Potency of HOAcE was increased by the presence of pargyline in the bathing solution. HOAcE was antagonized noncompetively by 1(1-naphthyl) piperazine (1-NP) and cyproheptadine and antagonized competitively by atropine (ATR). Cumulative concentration-response curves of HOAcE and serotonin (5-HT) did not show significant departure from parallelism (P > 0.1) and 5-HT potency was 6040 times that of HOAcE (95% confidence limits: 4620-7850). Solvent extraction of HOAcE split the spasmogenic activity of HOAcE into two types: (i) high-efficacy, low-potency, n-butanol-extracted, pargyline- and 1-NP-sensitive, ATR-insensitive activity, and (ii) low-efficacy, high-potency, ethyl acetate-extracted, pargyline-insensitive, ATR- and 1-NP-sensitive activity. HOAcE lacked muscarinic and nicotinic effects on rat jejunum and frog rectus abdominis. Results suggest the presence of more than one spasmogenic compound in the plant.
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PMID:Pharmacological and chemical screening of Byrsonima crassifolia, a medicinal tree from Mexico. Part I. 841 47

Horner's syndrome is a disorder of the sympathetic nerve supplying the eye. Infrequently, Horner's syndrome can arise as a complication of epidural anesthesia, but its clinical course is favorable. The incidence increases when epidural analgesia is used in obstetrics because of physiological and anatomic changes in obstetric patients that favor spread of the local anesthetic. We report the case of a 31-year-old woman requiring epidural analgesia for labor. She received 10 mL of 0.15% ropivacaine with a bolus dose of 50 microg of fentanyl, followed by epidural catheter infusion of 0.15% and 0.001% fentanyl at a rate of 10 mL/h. Two hours after starting the infusion, the patient's right eye presented a contracted pupil, a drooping eyelid, and enophthalmos, accompanied by flushing on the same side of the face. Horner's syndrome was diagnosed. Signs resolved over the next hour without treatment. The literature contains reports of widely differing incidences of Horner's Syndrome ranging from 1.3% to 75%. The case we report was the only one in our hospital over a period of 4 years during which 12,796 epidural procedures were performed. These data suggest to us that Horner's syndrome often passes undetected because clinical manifestations are not remarkable. Nevertheless, the diagnosis should be kept in mind so that unnecessary treatment is avoided, given that the clinical course is favorable with spontaneous resolution.
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PMID:[Horner's syndrome following epidural analgesia for labor]. 1558 41

Horner's syndrome is rarely observed in epidural anaesthesia; it is characterized by ptosis and enophthalmos on the affected side; miosis, anisocoria, and conjunctival hyperemia in the affected eye and anhydrosis, flushing on the affected side of the face. It is usually a complication spontaneously resolved without permanent neurological deficits. Intraoral anaesthesia, stellate, cervical and brachial plexus block, thoracic, lumbar and caudal epidural anaesthesia and intrapleural analgesia are the main causes associated with Horner's syndrome in anaesthesia. Among the other causes of Horner's syndrome are head and neck surgery, trauma and puncture of the internal jugular vein. We aimed to present a case with unilateral Horner's syndrome, which appeared in the morbidly obese parturient after lumbar epidural anaesthesia.
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PMID:Unilateral Horner Syndrome Following Epidural Anaesthesia in a Morbidly Obese Parturient. 2736 94

Horner syndrome is rarely observed in connection with epidural anesthesia. It is characterized by ptosis, enophthalmos, miosis, anisocoria, and conjunctival hyperemia in the affected eye, as well as anhydrosis and flushing on the affected side of the face. It is usually a complication spontaneously resolved without permanent neurological deficits. Intraoral anesthesia; stellate ganglion, cervical or brachial plexus blocks; thoracic, lumbar or caudal epidural anesthesia, and intrapleural analgesia are the main causes for Horner syndrome related to anesthesia. Among other causes of Horner syndrome are head and neck surgery, trauma, and puncture of internal jugular vein. The present case of unilateral Horner syndrome appeared in the aortobifemoral bypass after lumbar spinal- epidural anesthesia.
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PMID:[Horner syndrome following combined spinal-epidural anesthesia]. 2781 34