Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0344232 (blurred vision)
 2,072 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a clinical condition, which frequently results in symptoms such as syncope, dizziness during standing, weakness, blurred vision and fatigue. It is defined as a sustained drop in blood pressure exceeding 20 mmHg systolic or 10 mmHg diastolic occurring within 3 min of assuming upright posture, and is a common causal factor for falls in the elderly. Since 1986, tilt-table testing has become widely used in the diagnosis of OH. The Finometer provides non-invasive monitoring of haemodynamic changes during tilt-table testing. In this study, new algorithms for parameter extraction from Finometer data were developed, with specific reference to the diagnosis of OH. Algorithms were developed to assess the rates of change of haemodynamic variables in response to head-up tilt testing, a previously unexamined aspect of tilt-table testing. These algorithms were applied to the Finometer measurements of 20 patients, who underwent tilt-table testing in the Mid-Western Regional Hospital, Limerick. The data extraction algorithms were shown to accurately record changes in haemodynamic variables for further analysis. It was also demonstrated that the rate of change of blood pressure during the head-up tilt-table testing could have prognostic significance for OH.
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PMID:Development and evaluation of new blood pressure and heart rate signal analysis techniques to assess orthostatic hypotension and its subtypes. 1797 17

Cataplexy, the hallmark of narcolepsy, has been well characterized in adults but not in children. This study systematically used structured clinical assessments and video-recordings (49 episodes in eight cases) to evaluate cataplexy in 23 patients diagnosed before the age of 18 years. Forty-three percent of patients had falls as part of their attacks. During cataplexy knees, head, and jaw were the most frequently compromised body segments; eyelids, arms, and trunk being less commonly involved. More rarely, blurred vision, slurred speech, irregular breathing, or a sudden loss of smiling mimics were reported. One-third of the sample presented with a previously unrecognized description of cataplexy that we coined "cataplectic facies," consisting of a state of semipermanent eyelid and jaw weakness, on which partial or complete cataplectic attacks were superimposed. The usual triggering emotions, such as laughter, joking, or anger, were not always present, especially when close to an abrupt onset, hampering diagnosis. Video-recordings of cataplectic attacks may be useful to document the attack, allowing a comparison with archived presentations.
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PMID:Cataplexy features in childhood narcolepsy. 1830 64

Endovascular therapy for dural carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs) is generally accepted to be safe and effective. The authors report a rare complication of hemorrhage and subsequent venous infarcts of the pons and cerebellum after transvenous embolization. This 41-year-old man presented with a severe left frontal headache, congestion of the left conjunctiva, blurred vision, and photophobia. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a right dural CCF. The patient underwent transvenous embolization of the cavernous sinus but had the initial complication of cerebellar hemorrhage. One month later, he developed progressive dizziness, ataxia, and right-sided weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed severe cerebellar and pontine edema. The cause was a residual fistula combined with delayed occlusion of the inferior petrosal sinus. The fistula was obliterated after repeated embolizations. The patient's symptoms gradually resolved, and there was no evidence of recurrence during the 4-year follow-up period. Incomplete transvenous embolization of a dural CCF can result in life-threatening vascular complications due to redistribution of shunt flow. Early recognition of redistributed drainage and preventive placement of coils at the origin of draining veins during the procedure could avert this rare complication.
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PMID:Cerebellar hemorrhage and subsequent venous infarction followed by incomplete transvenous embolization of dural carotid cavernous fistulas: a rare complication: case report. 2160 20

Methanol is a clear, colorless, and highly toxic liquid with a similar smell and taste to ethanol, and is found in many commercial products such as solvents and cleaning fluids. Severe methanol intoxication occurs after suicidal or accidental oral ingestion of solvents. A few patients with methanol intoxication via the transdermal route have been reported. We present a 47-year-old woman with acute transdermal methanol intoxication admitted to the emergency department with weakness, blurred vision, bilateral areactive mydriasis, and deterioration of consciousness.
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PMID:Bilateral basal ganglionic lesions due to transdermal methanol intoxication. 1962 96

Sarcoidosis is a chronic disease of unknown aetiology. Neurosarcoidosis is registered in 5% of patients with sarcoidosis. Clinical manifestations of sarcoidosis are numerous and diverse. Manifestation of Neurosarcoidosis includes partial- and grand-mal seizures, low-grade fever, headache, increased intracranial pressure, visual disturbances, diabetes insipidus, amenorrhea- galacterorrhea syndrome and pituitary failure, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, unilateral and bilateral facial palsy, infiltration of meninges (aseptic meningitis) and nerve roots, leptominingitis, pachymeningitis with cranial neuropathies, pseudotumor, mild cognitive disorder, psychosis, delirium, dementia, disorientation, amnesia, progressive visual deterioration and proptosis, axonal polyneuropathies, mononeuropathies, chronic polyradiculoneuritis, peripheral neuropathy, cranial nerve abnormalities, radiculopathies, peripheral neuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex, progressive numbness and deep sensation disturbance in bilateral lower extremities, hemiplegia, hyperreflexia with pathological reflexes and hypesthesia, upward gaze palsy, spinal cord compression, dysarthria, dysphagia, weakness, episodes of blurred vision, diplopia, intracerebral hemorrhage, neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, intranuclear ophthalmoplegia, dysorientation, vasculitis presenting with strokes, intracranial hypothalamic lesion, paresthesis, hemiparesis, myelopathy in the cervico-thoracic region, lumbar pain, sensory level and inability of lateral gaze (Tab. 2, Ref. 60).
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PMID:Clinical manifestations of neurosarcoidosis. 1982 43

Injury to the carotid artery can occur in athletes by direct blow to the neck or by hyperextension of the neck. After such injury, symptoms may be mild or transient. Catastrophic complications such as stroke can occur if the injury is not recognized and treated. Neurologic changes such as transient weakness or transient unilateral blurred vision that occur after a hyperextension injury or a direct blow to the neck may indicate a carotid artery injury. A careful neurologic examination can help identify most carotid artery injuries, but because the symptoms of injury may not appear immediately, follow-up may be necessary. Treatment may consist of anticoagulation therapy or operative repair.
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PMID:Blunt-trauma carotid artery injury: mild symptoms may disguise serious trouble. 2008 67

Posterior ischaemic neuropathy (PION) is characterized by infarction in the retrobulbar optic nerve. A 73-year-old man suddenly experienced blurred vision in his left eye and intermittent weakness in his right hand. He had visual defects of superior lateral quarter and inferior medial quarter areas in the left eye. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed segmental enhancement in the left optic nerve. A cerebral angiogram showed a left internal carotid dissection (ICD). He did not have fever, and his laboratory and cerebrospinal fluid tests were normal. These findings were suggestive of PION associated with ICD. No reports of PION caused by ICD has been reported and his is the first case in which MRI showed optic nerve enhancement due to ICD.
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PMID:Optic nerve MRI enhancement in posterior ischaemic optic neuropathy due to internal carotid artery dissection. 2010 90

Gitelman's syndrome, or congenital hypokalemic hypomagnesemic hypocalciuria with metabolic alkalosis, is widely described as a benign or milder variant of Bartter's syndrome and most commonly presents with transient periods of weakness and fatigue, presyncope, vertigo, ataxia, and blurred vision, though aborted sudden cardiac death has also been rarely reported. Despite this there are limited data in the literature regarding the formal cardiac evaluation of patients with Gitelman's syndrome. We present the case of a gentleman with Gitelman's syndrome who initially presented to his primary physician with symptoms suggestive of an upper respiratory tract infection and subsequently survived a ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest in the community. We review the literature regarding possible life-threatening cardiac complications in these patients.
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PMID:An unusual presentation of primary renal hypokalemia-hypomagnesemia (Gitelman's syndrome). 2037 Apr 62

Sturge-Weber syndrome consists of facial capillary malformation (port-wine stain) and abnormal blood vessels in the brain or eye. Seizures, developmental delay and intracranial and airway angiomata are principal concerns. We report a 28-year-old primiparous woman at 41 weeks of gestation with Sturge-Weber syndrome who developed unilateral weakness, aphasia, blurred vision and confusion. Preeclampsia was excluded. Neuroimaging showed left sided cerebral oedema and a right parieto-occipital lesion, most likely an angioma. Caesarean section was planned to avoid the risk of angioma rupture during labour. General anesthesia was avoided due to the haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and reports of seizure-related mortality. Despite the possibility of raised intracranial pressure and precipitation of cerebral herniation, a lumbar epidural block was administered but failed. A subarachnoid block was successfully performed and a healthy infant delivered. The choice of anaesthesia was strongly influenced by detailed radiological investigations and multidisciplinary participation.
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PMID:Anaesthesia for caesarean section in a patient with Sturge-Weber syndrome following acute neurological deterioration. 2131 76

In January and April 2011, CDC provided antitoxin for treatment of two persons with toxin type A botulism associated with consumption of potato soup produced by two companies. On January 28, 2011, an Ohio resident, aged 29 years, was hospitalized after 5 days of progressive dizziness, blurred vision, dysphagia, and difficulty breathing. The patient required mechanical ventilation and botulism antitoxin. On January 18, he had tasted potato soup from a bulging plastic container, noted a bad taste, and discarded the remainder. The soup had been purchased on December 7, 2010, from the refrigerated section of a local grocer, but it had been kept unrefrigerated for 42 days. He was hospitalized for 57 days and then was transferred with residual weakness to a rehabilitation facility.
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PMID:Notes from the field: Botulism caused by consumption of commercially produced potato soups stored improperly--Ohio and Georgia, 2011. 2173 37


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