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 2,072 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome is a disease characterized by excessively increased heart rate during orthostatic challenge associated with symptoms of orthostatic intolerance including dizziness, exercise intolerance, headache, fatigue, memory problems, nausea, blurred vision, pallor, and sweating, which improve with recumbence. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome patients may present with a multitude of additional symptoms that are attributable to vascular vasoconstriction. Observed signs and symptoms in a patient with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome include tachycardia at rest, exaggerated heart rate increase with upright position and exercise, crushing chest pain, tremor, syncope, loss of vision, confusion, migraines, fatigue, heat intolerance, parasthesia, dysesthesia, allodynia, altered traditional senses, and thermoregulatory abnormalities. There are a number of possible dermatological manifestations of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome easily explained by its recently discovered pathophysiology. The author reports the case of a 22-year-old woman with moderate-to-severe postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome with numerous dermatological manifestations attributable to the disease process. The cutaneous manifestations observed in this patient are diverse and most noticeable during postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome flares. The most distinct are evanescent, hyperemic, sharply demarcated, irregular patches on the chest and neck area that resolve upon diascopy. This distinct "evanescent hyperemia" disappears spontaneously after seconds to minutes and reappears unexpectedly. Other observed dermatological manifestations of this systemic disease include Raynaud's phenomenon, koilonychia, onychodystrophy, madarosis, dysesthesia, allodynia, telogen effluvium, increased capillary refill time, and livedo reticularis. The treatment of this disease poses a great challenge. The author reports the unprecedented use of an oral angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist resulting in remarkable improvement.
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PMID:Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: a dermatologic perspective and successful treatment with losartan. 2516 60

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a condition where the patient experiences tachycardia (a rise in heart rate of at least 30 beats per minute, 40 in people between the ages of 12 and 19) upon assuming the upright position, in the absence of orthostatic hypotension (a fall in systolic blood pressure of more than 20 mmHg). The majority of patients are young women. Symptoms are experienced frequently during standing, and include dizziness, fatigue, palpitations, tremulousness, blurred vision and sometimes syncope - although presyncope is more common. The diagnosis requires that symptoms have been present for at least six months and lack another medical explanation. The pathophysiology is believed to be multifactorial; peripheral sympathetic denervation, excessive sympathetic drive, hypovolemia and deconditioning have been reported in POTS. Patient education is fundamental in the management of POTS, including information regarding symptoms and exacerbating factors as well as methods for increasing arterial pressure. Exercise is believed to be effective. Several drugs can be used to relieve symptoms, although none of them are licensed for the treatment of POTS. We describe a case that illustrates that POTS can be debilitating, which requires awareness of the condition among clinicians.
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PMID:[Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome]. 3029 28