Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0344232 (blurred vision)
 2,072 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Brinzolamide is a novel carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that elicits an ocular hypotensive effect when instilled topically. A multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel trial was conducted to evaluate the optimal intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering concentration and ocular tolerability of topically administered brinzolamide (0.3%, 1%, 2%, and 3%) in patients with primary, open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. After a washout phase, patients were administered brinzolamide or placebo twice daily for 2 weeks. The IOP was measured on days 8 and 15 at 8:00 A.M., and then 2, 4, 8, and 12 hours after dosing, and these measurements were compared with IOP values obtained at the corresponding times during an off-therapy diurnal baseline. All concentrations of brinzolamide produced significantly greater (P<0.005) mean percent IOP reductions and mean IOP reductions compared with placebo. Mean percent IOP changes (mean IOP changes) from baseline for brinzolamide 0.3%, 1%, 2%, and 3% were -11.3% (-3.0 mm Hg), -16.1% (-4.3 mm Hg), -16.1% (-4.4 mm Hg), and -15.4% (-4.2 mm Hg), respectively, when pooled over visit and visit time. Comparisons between concentrations demonstrated that the mean percent IOP reduction for brinzolamide 1.0% was significantly greater than that for the 0.3% concentration (P<0.03), with no difference in efficacy between the 1%, 2%, and 3% concentrations. The incidence of adverse events was dose-dependent, and those related to therapy were usually mild and resolved without treatment. Blurred vision, ocular discomfort, and abnormal taste were the most frequently reported adverse events. Based on these findings, the optimal IOP-lowering concentration of brinzolamide was 1%. When administered twice daily, brinzolamide 1% was well tolerated by patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
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PMID:Dose-response evaluation of the ocular hypotensive effect of brinzolamide ophthalmic suspension (Azopt). Brinzolamide Dose-Response Study Group. 1066 17

This prospective, multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled study evaluated the safety and efficacy of brinzolamide 1% ophthalmic suspension (Azopt) when used adjunctively with open-label timolol maleate 0.5% (Timoptic). One-hundred-thirty-two patients requiring an adjunctive therapy to timolol 0.5% for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were randomized to receive brinzolamide or placebo three times daily (t.i.d.) in addition to timolol 0.5% twice daily (b.i.d.) for 3 months. Qualifying intraocular pressure (IOP) on timolol 0.5% b.i.d. was 24-36 mm Hg in at least one eye at 8:00 A.M. and 21-36 mm Hg at 10:00 A.M., with no greater than a 5-mm Hg difference between eyes, during two eligibility visits separated by at least 7 days. Treatments were compared using a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Adjunctive therapy with brinzolamide resulted in clinically and statistically significant reductions in IOP from the timolol baseline at all visits. IOP changes from a diurnal baseline ranged from -3.3 mm Hg to -4.1 mm Hg for brinzolamide (N = 53) compared with -0.9 mm Hg to -2.5 mm Hg for placebo (N = 55). Abnormal taste (7.7%) and transient blurred vision (6.2%) were the most frequently reported adverse events. No clinically significant differences in the incidence or severity of ocular signs, visual acuity, cup/disk ratio, or parameters studied on dilated fundus examination were observed between treatment groups. Brinzolamide 1% t.i.d., used adjunctively with timolol 0.5% b.i.d., is safe and well tolerated, and produces clinically and statistically significant additional IOP reductions.
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PMID:Adjunctive therapy with brinzolamide 1% ophthalmic suspension (Azopt) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension maintained on timolol therapy. 1066 19

We present a case of paradoxically low (0 to 2 mm Hg) intraocular pressure (IOP) measured by Goldmann applanation and Tono-Pen tonometry in an eye with corticosteroid-induced high IOP after laser in situ keratomileusis. The patient complained of blurred vision and ocular pain in both eyes. The eyes were firm by palpation, and the IOP measured by Schiotz indentation tonometry was 38 mm Hg. An interface fluid pocket was identified by slitlamp examination, and the corneal surface became steeper. These findings resolved after flap relifting, interface irrigation, and addition of antiglaucoma medications. We postulate that the paradoxically low reading by applanation tonometry was due to fluid accumulation within the flap-bed interface. The applanation tonometry reflected the interface fluid pocket pressure rather than the real high IOP. An exceedingly low IOP should be verified by palpation or by Shiotz indentation tonometry, and interface fluid should be identified.
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PMID:Paradoxical hypotony after laser in situ keratomileusis. 1153 Jul 85

Forty-one healthy volunteers were recruited for a study to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy and side effects of 2% dorzolamide and 1% brinzolamide. In a randomized double-blind design, one eye received one drop of 2% dorzolamide and the other eye received one drop of 1% brinzolamide. The IOP and side effects were evaluated by Goldmann applanation tonometry and slit lamp biomicroscopy before administration, and 3, 7 and 14 days after the initial administration of eyedrops. The IOP decreased significantly from baseline for both drugs (p < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences between 2% dorzolamide and 1% brinzolamide either before or after eyedrop administration (p > 0.05). The most frequent side effect was ocular pain in the case of 2% dorzolamide and blurred vision in 1% brinzolamide. The results suggested that 2% dorzolamide and 1% brinzolamide have similar IOP-lowering efficacies with different side effects
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PMID:Comparisons of intraocular-pressure- lowering efficacy and side effects of 2% dorzolamide and 1% brinzolamide. 1134 Mar 89

A 60-year-old man visited our clinic with a sudden blurred vision and ocular pain in his right eye occurring 15 years after cataract surgery. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was 55 mmHg in the right eye and gonioscopy revealed a wide open angle with white cortical lens material in the inferior angle. Since the IOP was unable to be controlled with medical therapy, removal of the lens material was performed by irrigation and aspiration. Following surgery, the IOP was decreased to 18 mmHg without medication and the patient's vision recovered to 20/20. The pathology of the aqueous humor showed macrophages with engulfed lens particles.
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PMID:Lens particle glaucoma occurring 15 years after cataract surgery. 1181 82

A 52-year-old woman was diagnosed as having Adie's tonic pupil in her right eye. She reported few episodes of blurring of vision in her right eye in the recent few months. On one of the routine follow-up visits, right intraocular pressure (IOP) was 70 mm Hg and on gonioscopy the angle was closed 360 degrees. Medical treatment resulted in IOP reduction and laser iridotomy was then performed. This is, to our knowledge, the first description of intermittent angle-closure glaucoma attacks induced by a tonic pupil. The possibility of angle-closure glaucoma should be considered in patients with a tonic pupil, especially with symptoms of blurred vision or ocular pain.
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PMID:Adie's tonic pupil-induced angle-closure glaucoma. 1190 Dec 94

Posner-Schlossman syndrome (glaucomatocyclitic crisis) is a condition of unknown etiology. Patients present with blurred vision, show minimal anterior chamber activity, and raised intraocular pressure (IOP). Corneal edema may cause colored halos. The condition tends to be recurrent, usually responding to a topical steroid and ocular hypotensives. The eyes appear normal between attacks. We present a patient who had bilateral Posner-Schlossman syndrome and underwent filtering surgery to control raised intraocular pressure in both eyes. During the follow up of more than 4 years, the control of IOP was good and he had no further attacks.
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PMID:Trabeculectomy in the management of Posner-Schlossman syndrome. 1213 94

Iris melanoma is a malignant melanocytic tumor, making up 1.2%-6.6% of uveal malignant melanomas. The growth of choroidal melanoma during pregnancy is described and a hormonal influence is suggested. We present a case of iris melanoma occurring during pregnancy. A 32-year-old woman, in the 28(th) week of her fifth pregnancy, was referred to the ophthalmologist with a 2-month history of blurred vision and pain in her left eye. The visual symptoms became progressively worse with decreasing vision. Her visual acuity was 20/70 in her left eye, with a temporal, pigmented, prominent iris mass extending into the trabecular meshwork and the corneal endothelium. Elsewhere other pigmented localizations were found in the iris and in the trabecular meshwork. There was secondary glaucoma with intraocular pressure of 36mmHg and C/D=0.9. The right eye was normal. A general physical examination found no pigmented lesions. Chest radiography and hepatic ultrasonography revealed no metastasis. The diagnosis of iris malignant melanoma was made from the diffuse involvement extending into the trabecular meshwork and the advanced secondary glaucoma; an enucleation was performed and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of iris melanoma with involvement of the trabecular meshwork. The patient had no further problems (follow-up of 11 months). From this case report, we discuss the differential diagnosis of iris melanoma and the hormonal influence on its growth.
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PMID:[Melanoma of the iris and pregnancy]. 1274 4

A 74-year-old woman visited her local physician complaining of fever, cough, headache, hyperemic left conjunctiva, and blurred vision. She was diagnosed as having common cold and medicated for it, and later, she visited our department. She had a shallow left anterior chamber with moderately dilated pupil. Gonioscopic examination of the left eye revealed a narrow angle corresponding to grade 1 by Shaffer grading system. Left intraocular pressure was 16 mmHg. She was diagnosed to have had a spontaneous recovery from a subacute attack of angle-closure glaucoma. Laser iridectomy was performed and she was put on a regular ophthalmological follow-up. Three years later, she experienced an attack of left angle-closure glaucoma secondary to lens intumescence. She was treated by phacoemulsification and aspitaion which resulted in the eventual cure.
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PMID:[Angle-closure glaucoma: important points in the diagnosis and follow-up]. 1457 51

A 43-year-old man with high myopia developed unilateral pigmentary glaucoma with recurrent episodes of painless blurred vision in the left eye following uneventful phacoemulsification. Bilateral cataract surgery was performed with capsular bag implantation of a +4.00 diopter AcrySof MA60 intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon Laboratories) followed by a neodymium:YAG laser capsulotomy. Secondary iatrogenic dispersion syndrome in the left eye with subsequent intraocular pressure elevation was suspected in the presence of anterior chamber pigmented cells, circular epithelial iris loss around the pupil, and trabecular hyperpigmentation. Close contact between the edge of the IOL and the posterior pigmented iris epithelium, which was clinically suggested by anterior biomicroscopy, was documented by ultrasound biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment.
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PMID:Anterior segment imaging using optical coherence tomography and ultrasound biomicroscopy in secondary pigmentary glaucoma associated with in-the-bag intraocular lens. 1766 7


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