Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0344232 (blurred vision)
 2,072 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The term junctional scotoma of Traquair is used to describe a unilateral temporal visual field defect due to pathology of the ipsilateral optic nerve where it joins the chiasm. We report a 26-year-old woman who presented with blurred vision of her left eye. Examination revealed visual acuity of 20/20 OU, AO-HRR color plates 6/6 OD and 4.5/6 OS, and a 0.3 log unit relative afferent pupillary defect on the left side. Computer and Goldmann perimetry revealed a normal visual field OD and a paracentral temporal scotoma OS. Magnetic resonance imaging scan disclosed a sellar mass, expanding mainly into the left suprasellar area. Laboratory findings and pathological studies were consistent with a prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma. While involvement of the temporal visual field in only one eye (junctional scotoma of Traquair) is found in about 10% of patients with pituitary adenoma, involvement of only the paracentral temporal visual field in one eye is rare (1-2%). Recognition of this rare syndrome is important because careful visual field analysis discloses a vertical step and helps to avoid misdiagnosing optic neuritis.
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PMID:Pituitary adenoma revealed by paracentral junctional scotoma of traquair. 1042 Jan 15

Sun-gazing is the main cause of solar retinopathy. A 20-year-old inebriated man lying in a park gazed at the sun for approximately three hours at noon. Forty-eight hours after sun-gazing, the patient experienced the symptoms of blurred vision, erythropsia, and central scotoma in the left eye. Visual acuity decreased from 6/6 to 6/60 in the left eye and fundi examinations showed a round, yellowish-white discoid lesion on the left fovea and a smaller one on the right fovea. Fluorescein angiography showed early dye leakage in the fovea of the left eye, that increased gradually in size and became fuzzy at the foveal border in the late phase. A small, central scotoma of the left eye was also found in the visual field test. One month later, the lesion in the fovea of the left eye became smaller and was surrounded by a coarse pigmented halo. Fluorescein angiography showed a window defect in the retinal pigment epithelium. Visual field testing disclosed that the central scotoma persisted, but became smaller. Six months after sun-gazing, a lamellar hole in the fovea of the left eye was detected by optical coherence tomography. The visual acuity was 6/6 in the right eye and 6/60 in the left eye, and was unchanged at the end of the six-month follow-up period.
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PMID:Solar retinopathy: a case report. 1063 3

The authors reported a rare case of chronic subdural hematoma presenting bilateral visual impairment caused by papilledema. A 49-year-old man was admitted to our department due to left blurred vision. On admission, ophthalmological examination revealed visual acuity disturbance on the left eye, bilateral nasal visual field defect and papilledema. CT scan and MRI demonstrated bilateral subdural hematoma. No remarkable findings were detected on cerebral angiography. After evacuation of bilateral subdural hematomas, his visual symptoms recovered. In this report, we discuss the mechanism of visual impairment caused by chronic subdural hematoma.
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PMID:[Chronic subdural hematoma presenting visual disturbance: a case report]. 1129 5

Two cases of craniopharyngioma with delayed diagnosis are presented. Patient 1 had mild visual loss that initially had been attributed to pigment epithelial detachment in the macular area. Patient 2 had blurred vision in the left eye, although visual acuity was 10/10 at both eyes. She had a history of a posttraumatic neurosurgical procedure and was treated for blepharospasm. Both patients had initially negative CT imaging. Visual field defects suggested a chiasmal lesion and incited to additional neuroradiological investigation. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a craniopharyngioma in both cases.
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PMID:Pitfalls in the diagnosis of craniopharyngioma: 2 case reports. 1170 42

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited mitochondrial disease that primarily affects the optic nerve, causing bilateral vision loss in juveniles and young adults. A 12-year-old boy had complained of blurred vision in both eyes for more than 1 year. His best-corrected visual acuity was 0.08 in the right eye and 0.1 in the left. Ophthalmologic examination showed bilateral optic disc hyperemia and margin blurring, peripapillary telangiectasis, and a relative afferent pupil defect in his right eye. Fluorescein angiography showed no stain or leakage around the optic disc in the late phase. Visual field analysis showed central scotoma in the left eye and a near-total defect in the right. Upon examination of the patient's mitochondrial DNA, a point mutation at nucleotide position 11778 was found, and the diagnosis of LHON was confirmed. Coenzyme Q10 was used to treat the patient.
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PMID:Leber's hereditary opric neuropathy: a case report. 1462 Jun 78

Syphilitic chorioretinitis is a rare manifestation of secondary syphilis. The Authors report a case of a patient tested positive for human immune deficiency virus. A 26-Year-old man presented with a history of suddenly blurred vision in the right eye. Because of a central scotoma, visual acuity was reduced to counting fingers. Slit-lamp examination found one-plus anterior chamber cells and one-plus vitreous cells. Results of ophthalmoscopic examination showed a large yellow lesion in the macular area with a papillar edema and peripheral vasculitis. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid were positive for syphilitic serology. Visual acuity improved to 20/20 after three courses of intravenous ceftriaxone (2g/day for 15 days). The fundus lesion resolved almost completely, resulting in slight pigmentary changes in the macular area. This case report highlights the need for syphilitic serology in cases of uveitis in immunocompromised patients.
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PMID:[Syphilitic chorioretinitis in the immunocompromised patient: a case report]. 1517 44

Case report of a 44-year-old man who presented to the Long Island College Hospital in Brooklyn with complaints of a central scotoma and blurred vision in the right eye, which occurred while he was having a routine colonoscopy. The patient reported experiencing pain during the procedure. The funduscopic examination revealed a dumb-bell shaped hemorrhage in the fovea of the right eye. A diagnosis of valsalva retinopathy was made based on history and funduscopic examination. The hemorrhage resolved within a month without any sequelae. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of valsalva retinopathy following a routine colonoscopy.
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PMID:Valsalva retinopathy as a complication of colonoscopy. 1600 Sep 39

In this review, 35 cases of acute, reversible, sometimes severe, disturbances of vision closely associated with the use of celecoxib or rofecoxib are described. These were identified from three different databases using strict selection criteria. The events included temporary blindness, visual field defect, scotoma, teichopsia, blurred vision, decreased vision and abnormal vision. The reactions had a mean onset time of 9.5 days and recovery occurred within 3 days following withdrawal of the drug. The reactions do not appear to be related to age, gender, dose, or indication for use. The incidence of reported cases is estimated to be not less than 5 per 10,000 patients. Possible mechanisms for this type of reaction are described. The most likely appears to be the result of interference with the retinal blood supply through reduced production of prostanoids. Genetic polymorphisms that affect drug metabolism or uptake could be risk factors and are discussed along with suggestions for research.
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PMID:Disturbance of vision by COX-2 inhibitors. 1550 Apr 19

As paclitaxel may induce positive spontaneous visual symptoms or persistent visual loss, we carried out this electrophysiological study in an attempt to clarify the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of visual pathway involvement. The study involved 30 breast cancer patients: 14 were treated with paclitaxel alone (group A) and 16 with paclitaxel and adriamycin (group B). Pattern visual evoked potentials (VEPs), and transient, 30 Hz flicker (FLK) and oscillatory potential (OP) white flash electroretinograms (ERGs), were recorded before treatment, after the third and sixth therapeutic cycle, and at the end of the programmed regimen. Pretreatment: Abnormal VEP and OP and FLK changes occurred more than 75% of patients; transient ERGs were normal in more than 90%. Serial recordings: VEPs remained unchanged in both goups. In group A, ERG b-wave latency significantly increased (ANOVA P<0.005), and OP and FLK were characterised by non-significant mild attenuation. Several combinations of ERG, OP, FLK and VEP changes occurred in 50% of the patients. The association between transitory lightining scotoma or blurred vision (reported by 12 patients) and VEP, ERG and FLK was poor, whereas that with OP was satisfactory. A few patients showed stable and persistent subclinical electrophysiological changes. Electrophysiological changes during treatment revealed the involvement of both the retina and anterior optic pathway. There was only a weak correlation between visual symptoms and electrophysiology. We suggest that the most likely mechanism of visual symptoms and electrophysiological changes during paclitaxel administration is vascular dysregulation in the retina, or ischemic mechanisms when the optic nerve is involved.
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PMID:Electrophysiological evaluation of visual pathways in paclitaxel-treated patients. 1613 28

A 63-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a 1-month history of visual field defect and reduced bilateral visual acuity. Neurological examination revealed enlargement of bilateral central scotoma and blurred vision, and brain MRI showed masses in the optic chiasma and right hypothalamus on Ti-weighted image with contrast enhancement. Although the patient was treated with high-doses of methylprednisolone four times, the masses spread to the right internal capsule and the vicinity of the right lateral ventricle. An open biopsy was performed and microscopic examination of the sample revealed lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Although primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) developing from the optic chiasma and hypothalamus is rare, PCNSL should be considered in patients with multiple lesions in the optic chiasma and hypothalamus.
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PMID:[A case of primary central nervous system malignant lymphoma developing from the optic chiasma and hypothalamus]. 1706


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