Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0344232 (blurred vision)
 2,072 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Characteristic visual symptoms and signs in 12 patients with neoplasms or aneurysms involving the optic tract are summarized. Blurred vision was the most common initial manifestation. Optic atrophy became apparent in 7 of the 12 patients. Most patients had uniocular central scotomas with reduced visual acuity, and 2 had homonymous scotomas. Field defects were frequently incomplete and incongruous, combining central scotomas with elements of homonymous and bitemporal amblyopias. Seven patients had endocrine disturbances and memory deficits in addition to their visual symptoms.
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PMID:Visual dysfunctions in optic tract lesions. 66 60

A 19-year old woman who developed rapid nausea, vomiting, tachypnea, and alkalosis within 90 min of taking 3.25 g quinine S04 to induce abortion, was found to have an elevated anion gap and other electrolyte abnormalities. She was normovolemic, and had benign findings on drug screen except for quinine. Her abnormal laboratory values were high serum anion gap of 20 (normal 8-14), high urine anion gap of 171, low HC03- of 29 mEq/L, high Pa)@ of 130 mm Hg, alkalotic pH of 7.5, and hypokalemia of 2.6 mEq/L. Her hypokalemia was judged due to diuresis and vomiting. She was successfully treated with intravenous fluids and supportive care and was discharged on the third day. Quinine intoxication can also cause cinchonism, which is marked by tinnitus, vertigo, blurred vision and scotomata, and possible optic atrophy or death. The toxic dose is 2 g, and the lethal dose 8 g.
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PMID:Self-induced abortion and an elevated anion gap. 249 93

We describe four young diabetic patients presenting with swelling of one or both optica discs ('papiloedema'). Two were asymptomatic while the others complained of blurred vision. Spontaneous resolution occurred in all within 6 months although three had developed optic atrophy within 5 years. These four patients fit into a spectrum of acute involvement of the optic nerve in young diabetic patients, of which over 50 cases have now been reported. Most have florid ophthalmoscopic appearances which resolve within weeks or months and usually carry a good visual prognosis. The condition appears to be a variant of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy though its possible pathophysiology in diabetes is uncertain. Knowledge of the condition by diabetologists and ophthalmologists is important as patients and doctors may be reassured after fairly simple investigation.
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PMID:Optic disc swelling in young diabetic patients: a diagnostic dilemma. 295 32

In January and again in April 1985, a 30-year old woman received 150 mg injections of Depo-Provera for contraception. 3 days after the 2nd injection, she experienced blurred vision in both eyes and was diagnosed as having bilateral papilledema. Her vision improved after treatment with vitamin B1 and other drugs. But optic atrophy of the right eye and papilledema of the left eye remained. In July 1985, after an injection with Depo-Provera, her vision again worsened. The woman received no more Depo-Provera after this time. In early 1987, she was referred to Beijing's Tong Ren Hospital, where she was diagnosed as having bilateral ischemic papillopathy and optic atrophy. There have been few documented cases in medical literature of ocular complications related to use of contraceptives. In 1981, Petursson et al. reported a case of macula edema resulting from oral contraceptives. In animal studies, oral contraceptives have been linked to papilledema and retinal vein obstruction. The case reported here is the 1st to link use of Depo- Provera with ocular complications.
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PMID:Ischemic papillopathy and contraceptives. 297 85

Eleven patients had a syndrome characterized by (1) onset, in apparently healthy patients, usually women in the third to sixth decade of life, of floaters and photopsia, blurred vision, and often followed later by night blindness and color blindness, (2) vitreous inflammation, (3) multifocal patches of depigmentation of the choroid and the pigment epithelium in the postequatorial fundi, (4) varying degrees of retinal edema and papilledema, narrowing of the retinal vessels, and mild optic atrophy, (5) moderate to severe electroretinographic findings, and (6) a variable rate of progression and severity, but with a tendency toward stabilization and preservation of good central vision in at least one eye. "Vitiliginous chorioretinitis" was chosen as the name for this syndrome because of the similarity of the appearance and evolution of the patches of choroidal depigmentation to that occurring in the skin of patients with vitiligo.
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PMID:Vitiliginous chorioretinitis. 729 26

A surgical case of monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the left frontal and sphenoidal bone in a 14-year-old girl is described. This girl was admitted to our hospital in March, 1992, with a chief complaint of facial deformity and asymmetry due to a painless and progressive bony bulging over the left fronto-orbital region. But she denied any symptoms such as proptosis, diplopia, optic atrophy and visual loss. Other data found on neurological examination and laboratory tests were normal. In addition, she had no history of skin lesions, precocious puberty or other endocrine abnormalities. Plain craniogram showed remarkable thickening of the left frontal bone and of the anterior cranial fossa of the sphenoidal bone with irregular stenosis of the left optic canal. CT scan showed the diffuse enlargement of the affected bone and involvement of the paranasal sinuses. Angiography revealed no positive findings. On December 10, 1992, orbito-cranial reconstruction and unilateral optic canal release were performed using an extradural approach through a left fronto-temporal craniectomy. Histological findings confirmed the lesion to be typical fibrous dysplasia. She recovered completely one month after the operation, but she suffered transient blurred vision, diplopia and left ptosis. Most of the decreased vision caused by fibrous dysplasia cannot be reversed after surgical treatment. So, if optic canal stenosis is evident, even when visual loss is not clear, release of the optic canal stenosis should be done as early as possible in association with experienced neurosurgeons and with meticulous dissection.
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PMID:[Orbito-cranial reconstruction and unilateral optic canal release in a patient with left fronto-orbital fibrous dysplasia: a case report]. 796 64

A 13-year-old boy presented with a 2-month history of blurred vision. Visual acuity was 20/200 in both eyes. Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed normal discs and "beaten bronze atrophy" in the maculae. Subsequently, progressive vision loss with optic atrophy occurred over the next few years. Fluorescein angiographic findings were compatible with Stargardt's maculopathy. Because his cousin developed sequential vision loss diagnosed as Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, molecular genetic analysis was performed on blood mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from our patient, his cousin with vision loss, and another three asymptomatic cousins. The results showed that they all harbored homoplasmic G to A point mutations at nucleotide position 11778 of the ND4 gene in mtDNA.
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PMID:Stargardt's type maculopathy in a patient with 11778 Leber's optic neuropathy. 879 69

Sickle cell disease has varied manifestations in all systems of the body, ocular manifestations can be severe and sudden blindness may result amidst other complications. The study aims at determining the ocular findings in patients with sickle cell anaemia (HbSS) and sickle cell haemoglobin C disease (HbSC). 99 subjects were recruited into the study carried out at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital over a 2 year period. A structured interview questionnaire was administered and physical examination was carried out at the Medical Out Patients' Sickle Cell Clinics. Subsequently in the (Guinness) Eye centre, examination for ocular manifestations was carried out using Snellen's chart, Slit light microscopy, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy under mydriasis (with Gutt Tropicamide 1% , epinephrine 10% ) as well as tonometry and gonioscopy. The age of the 99 (51 males, 48 females) patients ranged from 13 to 43 years with a mean +/-SD of 20.42 +/- 6.13. There were 88 (88.9% ) SS and 11 (11.1% ) SC patients. The male to female ratio was 1.1: 1. Normal vision was present in 95 (96% ) of the patients [86 (97.8% ) SS and 9 (81.8% ) SC] while 4 (4.0% ) of the patients [2 (2.2% ) SS and 2 (18.2% ) SC] had impaired vision. Of the complaints, blurred vision was found in 12 (13.6% ) SS and one (9.0% ) SC patients. Itching of the eyes was found in 15 (17.0% ) SS and 3 (27.3% ) SC patients. Icterus was found in 50 (50.5% ), conjunctival signs were found in 49 (49.5% ), retinal vascular tortuosity was in 12 (12 .10% ), peripheral retinal degeneration was in 5 (5% ), iridescent spots was in 3 (3% ) and optic atrophy in 2 (2% ) patients. The tortuosity of major fundus vessels were graded into 4 according to Hook and Cooper's criteria 87 (87.9% ) of the patients were in grade 0. The conjunctival vessels anomalies were classified into 5 grades (criteria of Sergeant). 37 (37.5% ) were in grade 0, 35 (35.3% ) in grade 1, 8 (8.1% ) in grade 2, 7 (7.1% ) in grade 3 and 12 (12.1% ) in grade 4. Conjunctival abnormalities occur commonly while proliferative retinopathy and optic atrophy were uncommon in sickle cell disease patients in Lagos. Further studies are required with a larger number of subjects to investigate the low incidence of proliferative retinopathy and optic atrophy in Lagos.
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PMID:Ocular findings in sickle cell disease patients in Lagos. 1550 51

We encountered a rare case of neurohypophyseal germinoma with a prominent granulomatous reaction, which invaded the right cavernous sinus. The neuroimaging and histopathology features in this case were unique, distinguishing it from other types of suprasellar lesions. A 13-year-old boy presented with loss of appetite and polyuria; both symptoms were present for 1 year, and headache, general fatigue and blurred vision present for the prior 2 months. On admission, neurological examination indicated bitemporal hemianopsia and optic atrophy. Endocrinological exam showed panhypopituitarism. Tumor markers such as alpha-fetoprotein, human growth hormone, carcinoembryonic antigen, and placental alkaline phosphatase were negative. Brain CT revealed a suprasellar tumor with calcification. MR T(1)-weighted and T(2)-weighted images showed the tumor to be isointense to normal brain parenchyma and to be enhanced densely. The tumor also involved the right cavernous sinus, so that a biopsy was performed by the transsphenoidal approach. On pathologic examination of the specimen, typical large tumor cells with lymphocytic cell infiltration and prominent granulomatous reaction were observed. Neurohypophyseal granulomatous germinoma was diagnosed. Radiotherapy was performed with a total dose of 51 Gy and the tumor shrank remarkably. The patient returned to school under hormone replacement therapy.
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PMID:Neurohypophyseal granulomatous germinoma invading the right cavernous sinus: case report and review of the literature. 1762 46

Pseudotumor cerebri is a clinical condition marked by papilledema, normal cerebrospinal fluid composition, normal or small ventricles on radiography, and absence of an intracranial mass. In this condition, headache, tinnitus, dizziness, blurred vision, and diplopia are frequently observed. The cause is often unknown but can occur with certain drug ingestions or systemic inflammatory and metabolic diseases. The treatment is primarily focused on the correction of the underlying cause with measures to reduce the raised intracranial pressure. The most important complication is optic atrophy, which results in visual loss. The sixth cranial nerve is most commonly affected. The involvement of the third cranial nerve is distinctly unusual. The present report describes a unique case of bilateral oculomotor palsy with sparing of the papillary fibers. It resolved promptly on administration of acetazolamide.
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PMID:Transient bilateral oculomotor palsy in pseudotumor cerebri. 1844 74


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