Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0344232 (blurred vision)
 2,072 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 49-year old female in the course of chemotherapy for adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) noticed blurred vision and visual field defect in her right eye on February 26, 1991. Ophthalmoscopic findings showed exudative necrotizing retinitis with white exudative patches and scattered retinal hemorrhages in both eyes. CMV was isolated from the urine by the shell vial cell culture assay. Anti-viral therapy was commenced using ganciclovir and gamma-globulin, which are rich in anti-CMV antibodies. The exudative lesions were absorbed gradually. The ocular signs and symptoms agreed with the patient's systemic immunosuppressed T cell function state. CMV retinitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of retinitis in immunocompromised patients. CMV retinitis will certainly be found more frequently in accordance with the increasing number of immunocompromised hosts who have received immunosuppressive therapy or transplantation.
 ...
PMID:[Adult T cell leukemia with cytomegalovirus retinitis]. 131 31

Three patients with leukemia developed corneal toxicity while receiving high doses (3 g/m2) of systemic cytarabine. Symptoms began five to seven days after initiation of treatment with high doses of systemic cytarabine and consisted of ocular pain, tearing, foreign-body sensation, photophobia, and blurred vision. All three patients developed bilateral conjunctival hyperemia and fine corneal epithelial opacities and refractile microcysts that were more numerous in the central than in the peripheral cornea. The symptoms disappeared without treatment in approximately one week. The corneal changes we observed with high doses of systemic cytarabine resembled descriptions of corneal toxicity from topical cytarabine and were probably secondary to inhibition of DNA synthesis in the corneal epithelium.
 ...
PMID:Corneal toxicity with systemic cytarabine. 693 30

Four patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia and one malignant teratoma refractory to conventional chemotherapy were treated with high doses of cytosine arabinoside (HD ARA-C). They received up to 12 cycles of 1.8 to 3 g/m2 every 12 hours applied by 2-hour infusions. A total of 55 HD ARA-C infusions was performed. All leukemic patients responded. A complete clearance of blasts from the bone marrow was observed in two patients following 8-12 cycles of 3 g/m2. However, relapses occurred after three and seven weeks, in one case with resistance to HD ARA-C. The patient with malignant teratoma did not respond. No severe toxicity emerged even after repeated applications. Adverse reactions included moderate nausea and vomiting (4 patients), diarrhea (2 patients), hepatic dysfunction (1 patient), bone pain (1 patient), blurred vision (1 patient), conjunctivitis (1 patient), and exanthema with partial epidermiolysis (1 patient). Granulocytopenia occurring between 3-8 days after having started the therapy, subsided within 4-25 days. Plasma levels of ARA-C and the metabolite uracil arabinoside (ARA-U) were monitored. At steady state plasma concentrations of ARA-C were 32-97 microM (8-24 micrograms/ml). ARA-C disappeared from the plasma mono- or biphasic with a terminal half-life (t50%) of 7.8-12.6 minutes. The total clearance (Cl) of ARA-C varied between 1.7 and 2.9 liters/kg . h, and the distribution volume (Vss) between 0.44 and 0.86 liters/kg. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of ARA-C reached 10-15% of steady state concentrations in plasma.
 ...
PMID:Clinical results and pharmacokinetics of high-dose cytosine arabinoside (HD ARA-C). 710 69

A multicentric retrospective study on leukemic ophthalmopathy (LO) is reported. It includes 21 patients, 16 males and 5 females, with acute leukemia (AL) observed in 10 SIOP centers. LO developed in three patients at the time of diagnosis of AL; five patients were in first complete remission (three off therapy); four patients were in second or third remission; and nine were in combined relapse. Most frequent symptoms were blurred vision, photophobia, and ocular pain. Two patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia died before treatment; another underwent bone marrow transplantation; one patient with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy died 4 months after LO; the remaining 17 children were treated according to different schedules with (10) or without (7) radiotherapy on the affected eye. Twelve patients achieved ocular remission and four of these had a second ocular relapse. Complete remission after LO treatment lasting for more than 3, 7, 24, 29 months was observed in four patients. The authors conclude that cure is possible in patients who had LO in first complete remission treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy at high dose on the affected eye.
 ...
PMID:Leukemic ophthalmopathy: a report of 21 pediatric cases. 817 49

Two pediatric patients with acute leukemia who developed optic nerve head leukemic infiltration are presented. In one patient both eyes were involved at diagnosis as well as her central nervous system. Despite systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy she lost her vision within a few weeks. Cranial irradiation at that point could not reverse this outcome. In the second patient optic nerve head infiltration was found a few months after diagnosis, treated promptly with cranial irradiation and her vision was saved. Her central nervous system (CNS) was not involved at any time. It is stressed that ocular complaints including eye pain or blurred vision in the pediatric patient with leukemia should be investigated without delay by an ophthalmologist. In the young child these complaints may be absent and change in the visual behavior should then alert the pediatric oncologist for possible ocular problems. If optic nerve head leukemic infiltration is diagnosed and promptly treated with emergency radiation, vision can be salvaged.
 ...
PMID:Optic nerve head infiltration in acute leukemia in children: an indication for emergency optic nerve radiation therapy. 853 46

We encountered a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) who developed leukemic hypopyon. Leukemia initially spread into the pharynx, gingiva, lymphnode, and bone marrow. He achieved complete remission after chemotherapy but developed blurred vision and hypopyon. Anterior chamber paracentesis disclosed leukemic infiltration of the anterior chamber. Infiltration of the central nervous system also occurred. He received systemic chemotherapy, intrathecal chemotherapy, and local chemotherapy. However, he did not achieve prolonged remission. These findings suggest that these chemotherapy treatments have an inadequate effect for AML with anterior chamber infiltration. This rare complication is associated with extramedullary infiltration of leukemia.
 ...
PMID:Leukemic hypopyon in acute myelogenous leukemia. 1098 67

To investigate the clinical manifestations of human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 uveitis (HU), 112 HU patients who were followed up periodically for more than one year were retrospectively analyzed with respect to their ophthalmological and systemic complications. The gender ratio (female/male ratio) of the HU patients was 2.0 and the initial complications were foggy vision in 34.5%, ocular floaters in 33.3%, and blurred vision in 15.5%. As for the ocular symptoms, the majority (78.6%) of patients were classified as intermediate uveitis with vitreous inflammation. Recurrence of uveitis episodes was seen in one half of the patients (51.8%); 12 patients had more than six uveitis episodes. The interval of uveitis episodes varied from two weeks to 10 years. Nearly one half of the patients (43.8%) had ocular complications: e.g., cataract in 22 patients, persistent vitreous opacities in 17 patients, and glaucoma in 16 patients. Although the visual prognosis was essentially good, 11 patients had poor visual prognosis (<0.1). The causes of poor vision in these patients were cataract, cystoid macular edema, epiretinal membrane, and optic nerve atrophy. Of the 112 HU patients, two developed HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) after the onset of HU, while none developed adult T-cell leukemia. Sixteen HU patients had a previous history of Graves' disease and a past history of methimazole therapy, while Graves' disease was found in another HU patient only after HU onset and methimazole was not administered before the onset of HU. The present data of long-term follow-up indicate that (1) HU causes various ocular complications and its visual prognosis can be poor, (2) TSP/HAM can be induced even after the onset of HU, and (3) methimazole is not a risk factor of HU after Graves' disease.
 ...
PMID:Clinical features of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 uveitis: a long-term follow-up. 1126 53

Thalidomide, an antiemetic administered in 60th of the 20th century to pregnant women, has become notorious for a range of adverse effects which led to its taking off market. In recent years, its antimyeloma effect was discovered. The aim of the work was to evaluate the incidence of adverse reactions to thalidomide. Its therapeutic effect has not been assessed because of a short period of monitoring and diversity of a sample. The assessed sample consisted of 17 patients with diagnosis of multiple myeloma (10 men and 7 women). An average age of patients was 62.9 +/- 9.4. An average time elapsed from making the diagnosis to starting the treatment with thalidomide was 51.0 +/- 23.7 months. An average length of therapy was 20.1 +/- 9.6 weeks. An average daily maximum therapeutic dose was 138.3 +/- 83.2 mg. Data were collected from outpatient physicians reports, regular laboratory tests, and direct interviews with patients. To classify severity of adverse drug effects (grades 0-4) we used WHO criteria, Cancer and Leukemia Group B criteria, and in cases where certain adverse effects were not included in the above mentioned criteria, we defined our own criteria. The most frequent adverse effects included: leucopenia or neutropenia in 12 (70.6%) patients, altered state of consciousness in 11 (64.7%) patients, obstipation in 10 (58.8%) patients, skin alterations in 9 (52.9%) patients, dizziness in 8 (47.1%) patients, peripheral neuropathy in 7 (41.2%) patients, spasms and spasmodic convulsions in 7 (41.2%) patients, and altered liver tests in 6 (35.3%) patients. From the perspective of necessity to interrupt treatment or reduce the dose the most severe disorders included: peripheral neuropathy in 2 patients (inability to control lower extremities), altered consciousness in 1 patient (protracted somnolence during a day), skin alteration in 1 patient (generalized toxoalergic reaction), leucopenia or neutropenia in 1 patient (1.0 resp < 0.5 x 10(9)/l), altered vision in 1 patient (blurred vision), hypothyroidism in 1 patient, and altered mood in 1 patient (subjective feeling of depression). This work proved thalidomide to be beneficial for the patients with multiple myeloma but it also shoved necessity to intensively monitor its adverse effects and to adjust its doses.
 ...
PMID:[Desirable and undesirable effects of thalidomide in patients with multiple myeloma]. 1468 82

Intracranial granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) may occur rarely in leukemia. A 27-year-old male presented with an isolated recurrence of granulocytic sarcoma manifesting as an intraaxial mass 27 months after complete remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. He was admitted due to a severe headache and blurred vision. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an enhanced mass which was initially interpreted as an extraaxial tumor in the right temporal region. Because of increased intracranial pressure and the mass effect, open biopsy with surgical resection was performed. The biopsy result indicated that intraaxial lymphoblastic leukemia infiltration had caused CNS relapse. Although granulocytic sarcoma occurs primarily in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, the authors report a rare case of intraparenchymal granulocytic sarcoma in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
 ...
PMID:Isolated recurrence of intracerebral granulocytic sarcoma in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report. 1664 13

This case report describes the unilateral acute reduction of vision in the right eye of a 48-year-old woman. The patient was otherwise healthy but 2 days previously had suffered from dizziness and blurred vision. Secondary to this, the patient had already been under dental treatment for 1 week due to gingival swelling. At the first examination a macular branch retinal vein occlusion and Roth spots were found in the right eye by indirect ophthalmoscopy. The immediate diagnostic procedure identified aute amyeloid leukemia (AML) as the cause of the vascular pathology. The AML can be manifested in different ways and the retina is involved in approximately 50% of cases. Due to a secondary hyperviscosity syndrome, which is found in approx. 20% of acute leukaemias, symptomatic central vein occlusion or macular branch vein occlusion can occur. Ophthalmic symptoms can be the first and only signs to be detected. Therefore, ophthalmologists should also consider a systemic disease and initiate a clarification. A differential blood count is indispensable. The results usually improve by a rapidly arranged and suitable therapy. Ophthalmological follow-up examinations are imperative as an initiated chemotherapy can also produce ophthalmological side-effects.
 ...
PMID:[Gingival hyperplasia and visual reduction]. 2149 Nov 19


1 2 Next >>