Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0344232 (blurred vision)
 2,072 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The sudden development of a red painful eye with blurred vision may be an acute attack of angle closure glaucoma which requires emergency attention. Once the attack is controlled with medication, surgical intervention with a peripheral iridectomy is indicated to relieve relative pupillary block. Eyes subject to angle closure glaucoma are anatomically different with 'crowded' anterior segments. In contrast, open angle glaucoma (the more common form) may progress to near blindness without symptoms. Routine screening of intraocular pressure is, therefore, necessary to make the diagnosis before extensive irreparable damage has occurred. Surgery for open angle glaucoma carries risks of cataract and infection, and is unpredictable. Open angle glaucoma patients are usually treated chronically with specific medications. Beta-Adrenoceptor blocking agents appear to provide a significant new addition to the currently available antiglaucoma medications.
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PMID:The treatment of glaucoma: role of beta-blocking agents. 3 56

Eleven cases of unilateral glaucoma are summarized. The typical presentations of these cases are (1) unilateral; (2) middle-aged women; (3) blurred vision; (4) corneal endothelial guttae (unilateral); (5) corneal edema; (6) stromal iris atrophy; (7) pupil abnormality; (8) peripheral anterior synechias;(9) elevated intraocular pressure; and (10) if previously diagnosed, the diagnosis is likely incorrect. Variations in these may occur. The disease can occur in men. Some patients may have nodular iris nevi. All of them represent the spectrum of Chandler's syndrome. Accurate diagnosis is important particularly in view of the optimistic prognostic implications for the fellow eye.
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PMID:The spectrum of Chandler's syndrome: an often overlooked cause of unilateral glaucoma. 30 13

To minimize the risk of visual loss in diabetic patients, recognition of early signs of oculopathy is essential. Diabetes-associated third-nerve palsy is manifested by unilateral ptosis and exotropia. Symptoms of closed-angle glaucoma are intense pain, halos around lights, and blurred vision. Open-angle glaucoma does not necessarily produce symptoms and is treated medically. A gradual decrease in visual acuity, sometimes associated with photophobia and difficulty in night driving, and monocular diplopia, are manifestations of cataract. The patient with "background" retinopathy usually complains of blurred or distorted central vision. Once the macula is involved, vision progressively decreases. Although the relationship of metabolic control to retinopathy has not been settled, evidence indicates that good medical control of the disease may delay onset of vascular complications.
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PMID:Four common ocular complications of diabetes--and how to treat them. 71 Aug 91

A 42-year-old woman presented with the acute onset of bilateral blurred vision that occurred immediately after bending over. She denied pain or any other associated symptoms. Markedly increased intraocular pressure readings were found. Treatment for acute narrow-angle glaucoma was initiated, and normal vision returned. This case represents an atypical presentation of acute narrow-angle glaucoma, a true ophthalmological emergency. The pathophysiology and treatment options of this disease process are summarized.
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PMID:Narrow-angle glaucoma presenting as acute, painless visual impairment. 187 68

Several notifications of eye pain and blurred vision associated with treatment with nifedipine were received by New Zealand's Intensive Medicines Monitoring Programme. A questionnaire survey of patients taking nifedipine was undertaken to test the importance of these associations, with disturbance of taste associated with captopril taken as a methodological control. Altogether 961 patients taking nifedipine and 368 taking captopril were sent a questionnaire that asked whether any eye problems and changes in the sense of taste had occurred while they were taking the drug and whether these had resolved after treatment was stopped. Compliance was high: of 922 and 343 questionnaires that were assumed to have been delivered to patients taking nifedipine and captopril, respectively, 770 (84%) and 295 (86%) were returned satisfactorily completed. The distribution of sex was comparable in the two groups; patients taking captopril were slightly younger. Eye symptoms were reported in both groups, but eye pain was significantly more common in patients taking nifedipine (107 (14%) compared with 26 (9%) patients taking captopril). This is a new finding and may be related to ocular vasodilatation. Theoretically, glaucoma is a possible adverse reaction. Loss of taste was significantly associated with captopril, but no other disturbances of taste showed significant associations. Loss of taste persisted in 27 out of 35 patients who continued to take captopril and in three out of eight patients when the drug was withdrawn. This study showed a method of assessing early signs of adverse drug reactions, which has been used once before and identified previously unrecognised reactions.
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PMID:Eye pain with nifedipine and disturbance of taste with captopril: a mutually controlled study showing a method of postmarketing surveillance. 313 19

Unilateral, noninfectious, nontraumatic corneal endotheliopathy was noted in a 34-year-old man who had had blurred vision for five years without evidence of iridic disease or glaucoma. Ultrastructural studies demonstrated focal necrosis of the corneal endothelial cells, with desquamation of the cells into the anterior chamber. The corneal endothelium appeared to expand beneath the dying endothelial cells, indicating reendothelialization of the cornea. There was no epithelialization of the endothelium, as evidenced by the lack of keratin production or desmosome formation. Descemet's membrane was thickened with edema, a posterior collagenous layer, and fibrous, long-spacing collagen. These alterations in Descemet's membrane were similar to those described for other corneal dystrophies. It is proposed that this unilateral desquamating endotheliopathy represents an incipient form or a forme fruste of the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome.
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PMID:Desquamating endotheliopathy. An incipient iridocorneal endothelial syndrome? 331 Sep 85

We present a clinicopathological analysis of an explanted STAAR model B silicone intraocular lens (IOL) that was sent to the Center for Intraocular Lens Research for evaluation. Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE), using phacoemulsification and insertion of the silicone IOL, had been accomplished through a 3-mm scleral tunnel incision. The IOL was folded and inserted into the ciliary sulcus. Complications, including blurred vision, movement of the IOL within the eye, and glaucoma, eventually led to IOL exchange at three months post-ECCE. After removal of the silicone IOL, a modified J-loop IOL was placed in the intact capsular bag, with subsequent resolution of the increased intraocular pressure and a 20/20 + 3 visual acuity. Pathologic examination of the explanted silicone lens revealed grooves indented into the optic, extensive molding flash, and opalescence of the optic.
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PMID:Pathologic findings of an explanted silicone intraocular lens. 371 71

The ocular manifestations of viral infection vary greatly. Involvement of the anterior segment is generally mild and self-limited, except in cases of congenital infection which are often associated with significant alteration of ocular structures or in cases of childhood infection with herpes simplex virus or varicella-zoster virus, in which prolonged inflammation may lead to corneal thinning or perforation, glaucoma and cataract formation. Involvement of the posterior structures is potentially sight-threatening. Retinal or optic nerve involvement should be suspected in any patient who complains of acute onset of blurred vision in the absence of anterior segment inflammation or opacities in the ocular media. Fortunately retinal viral infection is rare in immunocompetent hosts. Optic neuropathy may occur as an isolated sign but is more often associated with more generalized involvement of the central nervous system. While specific therapy is not always available, early diagnosis of ocular viral disease should aid in the amelioration of acute symptoms and prevention of long term complications.
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PMID:Ocular viral infections. 608 28

Since its approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), timolol has been widely used for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma. Contrary to the clinical trials before FDA approval, many reports of possible ocular and systemic side effects have now appeared. Cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systemic effects occur relatively often and are attributable to beta-adrenergic antagonism, but central nervous system (CNS) effects are not so explainable. The most frequent ocular side effects are instillation pain and blurred vision, often requiring discontinuation of timolol. Superficial punctate keratitis and associated reduced corneal sensitivity have been reported and pose a risk for affected contact lens wearers. The incidence of side effects in two prospective studies was about 20%, with some 40% of those having to discontinue timolol. Of optometric interest are reports that timolol increases the electro-oculogram (EOG) ratio (Arden Index), and that it may be used to lower intraocular pressure in acute angle closure when pilocarpine alone is unsuccessful.
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PMID:Clinical implications of reported timolol-induced side effects. 612 2

A patient with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) underwent a trabeculectomy according to Watson's technique. Postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) ranged from 8 to 11 mm Hg. However, repeat slit lamp evaluation revealed the absence of bleb formation. Two months post-filtration surgery the patient developed the sudden onset of nausea, vomiting, supraorbital pain, and blurred vision. The IOP was 46 mm Hg and gonioscopy revealed a hyaline membrane covering a cyclodialysis cleft. A Nd:YAG laser was used to reopen the cleft, with normalization of IOP.
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PMID:Reopening cyclodialysis cleft with Nd:YAG laser following trabeculectomy. 654 22


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