Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0344232 (blurred vision)
 2,072 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients present themselves with neurotologic symptoms which may be early and subtle indicators of active vestibular pathology. The frequently slighted complaints of light-headedness, imbalance and a floating sensation are as important as "true rotatory vertigo." Ear fullness, the most underinvestigated of neurotologic complaints may be a cardinal symptom. Occipital headaches are a frequent complaint of the dizzy patient. Blurred vision, and, in some severe peripheral disorders, diplopia are symptoms referrable to oculovestibular interaction. Visual stimulation intensifies vestibular symptoms. Stress may precipitate or increase dizziness in patients who have partially compensated for a vestibular deficit. Anxiety, fatigue and systemic illness are exemplary. Patient histories are presented to emphasize clinical relevance and therapeutic modalities.
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PMID:Underrated neurotologic symptoms. 67 46

To minimize the risk of visual loss in diabetic patients, recognition of early signs of oculopathy is essential. Diabetes-associated third-nerve palsy is manifested by unilateral ptosis and exotropia. Symptoms of closed-angle glaucoma are intense pain, halos around lights, and blurred vision. Open-angle glaucoma does not necessarily produce symptoms and is treated medically. A gradual decrease in visual acuity, sometimes associated with photophobia and difficulty in night driving, and monocular diplopia, are manifestations of cataract. The patient with "background" retinopathy usually complains of blurred or distorted central vision. Once the macula is involved, vision progressively decreases. Although the relationship of metabolic control to retinopathy has not been settled, evidence indicates that good medical control of the disease may delay onset of vascular complications.
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PMID:Four common ocular complications of diabetes--and how to treat them. 71 Aug 91

All patients presenting with neurological problems to an eye hospital casualty department over one year were prospectively studied. A total of 119 patients were identified. The most frequent diagnoses were retrobulbar neuritis (34; 28.5%), sixth cranial nerve palsy (22; 18.5%), third cranial nerve palsy (15; 12.6%) and Adie's tonic pupil (11; 9%). Cranial nerve palsies were most commonly due to diabetes or hypertension (16; 43.2%). Only one intracranial aneurysm was found. Symptoms included blurred vision (52; 43.7%), binocular diplopia (51; 42.8%), and eye pain (27; 22.7%). Fifty patients (42.0%) were referred by a general medical practitioner. Twenty-two (18.5%) were admitted to hospital. Forty-nine skull X-rays were requested and all were normal. Twenty-nine chest X-rays were requested. One (3.4%) showed an abnormality (carcinoma of the bronchus). Neurological patients present to ophthalmic casualty departments because of ophthalmic symptoms. Ophthalmic casualty officers are able to make working diagnoses and to direct patients appropriately. The use of investigations in the casualty department, however, is unlikely to be productive.
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PMID:Neurological problems presenting to an ophthalmic casualty department. 148 76

ADD 94057, a metabolite of fluzinamide, manufactured by the A. H. Robins Company, blocks chemically- and electrically-induced seizures in animals. The primary objective of this open add-on study was to evaluate patient tolerability of ADD 94057 at ascending target plasma concentrations. Nine subjects with medically refractory seizures were receiving phenytoin (PHT, 3), carbamazepine (CBZ, 3), or both (3). A pharmacokinetic profile after a single oral 400-mg dose of ADD 94057 was used to calculate ADD 94057 dosages. After a 4-week baseline period, patients were treated for 4 weeks with weekly ADD 94057 dosage escalations. Two patients completed the study at their assigned highest dosage level; the other patients finished the study at lower dosages. The patients receiving PHT (but not CBZ) tolerated higher plasma concentrations of ADD 94057 than did patients receiving CBZ, alone or in combination with PHT. Adverse experiences included headache, ataxia, blurred vision, diplopia, dizziness, lightheadedness, and mild confusion. Eight of nine patients had reductions in seizure frequency from baseline.
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PMID:Pharmacokinetic and dose tolerability study of ADD 94057 in comedicated patients with partial seizures. 173 43

This report describes a rare complication after the resection of a tumor of the posterior fossa, the "one-and-a-half" syndrome. The one-and-a-half syndrome is a disturbance of horizontal eye movements in which patients have lateral gaze palsy in one direction and internuclear ophthalmoplegia in the other direction. The patient was a 54-year-old woman who developed headaches, diplopia, and blurred vision over 6 months. Computed tomographic scans and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an enhancing, mixed density, midline mass of the cerebellum. After a resection of the mass, an anaplastic astrocytoma, the patient complained of more severe diplopia and facial weakness. An examination disclosed a left one-and-a-half syndrome, left peripheral facial paralysis, dysarthria, dysphagia, mild left hemiparesis, dysmetria of the left upper limb, and truncal ataxia. The brain stem showed no abnormalities on postoperative computed tomographic scans. After 4 months of follow-up, the one-and-a-half syndrome had not improved, even though other signs had improved or resolved. This syndrome is caused by damage to structures within the pontine tegmentum: the medial longitudinal fasciculus, the ipsilateral paramedian pontine reticular formation, or the ipsilateral abducens nucleus. Multiple sclerosis and brain stem infarction are the most common causes of the one-and-a-half syndrome. Less frequently, it is caused by primary and metastatic tumors of the brain stem and cerebellum. Rarely, the one-and-a-half syndrome can develop postoperatively after the removal of tumors of the posterior fossa. The mechanism of pontine tegmental injury remains unknown.
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PMID:"One-and-a-half" syndrome after a resection of a midline cerebellar astrocytoma: case report and discussion of the literature. 196 11

Three cases of mixed internal and external carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) were successfully treated with embolization of feeders from the external carotid artery (ECA) and focal irradiation to the cavernous sinus (CS). Cases 1 and 2 were females, 63 and 69 years old respectively, both with spontaneous left CCF. Case 3 was a 55 year old male with posttraumatic left CCF. Symptoms of case 1 were double vision, left chemosis and exophthalmos; those of case 2 were double vision, left retroobital pain, left forehead dysesthesia and blurred vision; and case 3 complained of double vision, left chemosis, left exophthalmos and pulsatile tinnitus. In all three cases, angiography disclosed left CCF fed by ipsilateral dural branches from the internal maxillary artery (IMA) and the internal carotid artery (ICA). In case 1, small branches from the ascending pharyngeal artery also fed the CS. In cases 2 and 3, feeders from the ECA were arising only from branches of the IMA. In case 3, hypertrophy of the meningohypophyseal trunk was visible. In cases 1 and 2, although the CS was opacified, feeders from the ICA were not clearly visible. Embolizations of branches of the IMA were performed in all cases using Ivalon under selective catheterization. In case 1, symptoms partially improved, but in cases 2 and 3, visual symptoms were transiently aggravated. Focal irradiation to the CS was done with total doses of 30, 30 and 40 Gy each for cases 1, 2, and 3 respectively. In case 1, clinical symptoms gradually improved about one third way through irradiation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Carotid-cavernous fistula successfully treated with embolization and radiation therapy: report of three cases]. 200 Jan 63

Evidence from controlled clinical trials of oximes indicates that high doses given im or iv may cause transient disturbances of vision. Blurring of vision and diplopia present for up to an hour can occur. These are often accompanied by other side effects such as nausea, epigastric discomfort, drowsiness and dizziness. Visual effects have not been reported following high doses of oximes given po. Experimental studies provide evidence that some oximes given at high dosages may penetrate the blood-brain and blood-aqueous humor barriers. These suggest that the visual effects may be mediated through the CNS and/or by direct effects on the accommodation mechanisms of the eye. Although transient, the visual effects should be taken into account in clinical trials designed to assess the dosage necessary to achieve prophylaxis against OP antiChE poisoning in occupational situations.
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PMID:Ophthalmic effects of oximes: a review. 203 43

An epidemiological survey on 30,000VDT operators has been carried out to evaluate the relationship between asthenopia and monitor characteristics. A VDU operator has been classified as asthenopeic if he complained about at least two of the following ten symptoms: headache, tearing, eye smarting, blurred vision, double vision, ocular itching, photophobia, blinking, nausea, eye heaviness. Visual discomfort has been related to 1) the presence of flicker; the possibility to regulate, 2) brightness, 3) height; and 4) inclination of monitor. Asthenopia has resulted statistically correlated to the presence of flicker and to the impossibility of regulating height and inclination of monitor for both sexes. The possibility to regulate monitor brightness has not determined a reduction of visual discomfort either in men or in women.
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PMID:[Asthenopia and monitor characteristics]. 208 58

The influence of head down (HD) tilting on brain-stem auditory evoked responses (BAER) was studied in hypertensives with supine brain-stem disorders (occipital headache, vertigo, nausea, diplopia, blurred vision occurring after night recumbency), in hypertensives without such phenomena and in normotensives. In the latter two categories of subjects HD tilting had no effect on BAER. On the contrary, in hypertensives with supine brain-stem disorders the manoeuvre induced a constant prolongation of I-V and III-V intervals and a depression in the amplitude of wave V; the alterations of BAER produced by HD tilting reveal probably a dysfunction of the superior brain-stem area and might be due to the impaired cerebral venous draining subsequent to the manoeuvre. The study of BAER after HD tilting seems to be a proper means to attest the supine brain-stem disorders displayed by some hypertensives.
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PMID:Alterations in brain-stem auditory responses induced by head down tilting in hypertensives with supine brain-stem disorders. 224 34

To test the hypothesis that visual disturbances are more common during intravenous magnesium sulfate administration than at 1 to 4 days after discontinuation of the drug, 13 women underwent bedside neuroophthalmologic examinations during intravenous magnesium sulfate tocolysis at 2.0 to 3.0 gm hr and again at 1 to 4 days after cessation of therapy. Visual symptoms were common during intravenous magnesium sulfate administration. Blurred vision was present in 12 of 13 patients and diplopia was present in 10 of 13 patients. Abnormal findings during neuroophthalmologic examination occurred in all patients during intravenous magnesium sulfate administration. Findings included ptosis, accommodative and convergence insufficiency, and abnormal pupillary responsiveness to light and near. All patients were symptom-free and had normal examinations after magnesium sulfate was discontinued. These findings suggest that visual disturbances with therapeutic magnesium sulfate are common.
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PMID:Neuroophthalmologic effects of intravenous magnesium sulfate. 225 94


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