Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0343525 (Lemierre's syndrome)
 443 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The objective of this study is to present the antimicrobial management modalities of treating upper respiratory tract (URT) and head and neck infections. This article discusses the current antimicrobial treatment strategies of URT and head and neck infections. The increasing antimicrobial resistance of many bacterial pathogens has made the treatment of URT and head and neck infections more difficult. This review summarizes the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology and antimicrobials therapy of acute and chronic URT and head and neck infections. These infections include dental (gingivitis, periodontitis, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, and periodontal abscess), acute and chronic otitis media, mastoiditis and sinusitis, pharyngo-tonsillitis, peritonsillar, retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal abscesses, suppurative thyroiditis, cervical lymphadenitis, parotitis, siliadenitis, and deep neck infections including Lemierre syndrome. In conclusion, the proper management of these infections requires an accurate clinical and bacteriological diagnosis.
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PMID:Current management of upper respiratory tract and head and neck infections. 1898 71

Suppurative thrombophlebitis (Lemierre's syndrome) of the internal jugular vein is a rare and sometimes fatal complication. It commonly occurs from oropharyngeal infections, peripheral lines, complications from dental procedures, gingivitis, or central venous catheterizations. Empiric antibiotics are the initial treatment of choice followed by thrombolytics or surgical thrombectomy in refractory cases. We present a case of septic thrombophlebitis of the right internal jugular vein from a peripherally inserted central venous catheter. We also review the current percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy and thrombolytics therapies for such a rare disorder. Mechanical thrombectomy includes rotational thrombectomy or rheolytic therapies. Devices include the Amplatz thrombectomy device (Microvena), the Arrow-Trerotola Percutaneous thrombolytic device (Arrow), and the Cragg-Casteneda thrombolytic brush (Microtherapeutics). Rheolytic therapies include Angiojet, the Hydrolyzer, and the Oasis Thrombectomy System. Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy techniques include rotational fragmentation, aspiration or suction thrombectomy, and hydrodynamic thrombectomy. AngioJet catheters may be used for percutaneous embolectomy in conjunction with pulse spray techniques, which instill thrombolytics locally. Thrombolytics include streptokinase, urokinase, and recombinant-tissue plasminogen activator. Mechanical thrombectomy combined with thrombolytics provide optimal treatment results secondary to their complementary effects. Therefore, patients who are refractory to standard medical therapy and considered poor surgical candidates may benefit from combined percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy with thrombolytics to achieve superior results if no contraindications exist for thrombolytics.
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PMID:Septic thrombophlebitis: percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy and thrombolytic therapies. 2219 69

Lemierre syndrome (LS) is a rare life-threatening disease that is often caused by an acute oropharyngeal infection with a secondary thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein. LS rarely manifests as cranial nerve palsy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case report of LS associated with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. A 66-year-old female presented to a dental clinic with gingivitis and sore throat. Due to moderate periodontitis, her left first upper molar was extracted. A few days later, she subsequently developed a coarse voice and occipital headaches, and was referred to an otolaryngologist. She was diagnosed with left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and subsequent left-sided otitis media, and was referred to us for persistent headaches. She intermittently presented with high-grade fever and complained of salty taste disturbance. Her head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed left mastoiditis, thrombosis in the left transverse and sigmoid sinus, and left internal jugular vein. Her laboratory tests revealed an elevated white blood cell count, levels of C-reactive protein, and D-dimer. No endogenous coagulopathy was confirmed. Although, blood and cerebrospinal fluid culture grew no microorganisms, respectively, the empirically determined antibiotic therapy was initiated. In a week, the patient defervesced and had no headaches despite persistent thrombosis. Early diagnosis and an immediate antibiotic treatment are crucial for LS patients. Anticoagulation therapy was not needed for our patient and is still controversial for LS.
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PMID:Lemierre Syndrome Associated with Ipsilateral Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy: A Case Report and Review. 2866 98