Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0341503 (bacterial peritonitis)
 1,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four children aged 6-10 years (body weight 20-31 kg) and one adolescent patient (age 17 years, 32 kg) were treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) over periods of 4-14 months totalling 39 months. Dialysis volumes of 1 liter for the pediatric patients and 1.5 liters for the adolescent patient were exchanged four times daily: glucose concentration was 15 milligrams during three cycles and 42.5 milligrams during one cycle. Bag exchanges and general care of the younger patients were primarily carried out by their mothers. Overall rehabilitation and patients' acceptance were good despite several complications, but full school attendance was only achieved in 2 children. Uremia and fluid balance were well controlled despite minimal dietary restrictions. Average serum urea was 20 mmol/l and creatinine 700 mumol/l. Glucose reabsorption from dialysate was 1-4 g/kg per day. Bacterial peritonitis occurred six times and responded well to appropriate treatment. Its incidence decreased from one episode every 4-5 months (before July 1980) to one every 8 months. Protein losses in the dialysate were 0.10-0.17 g/kg per day in 4 children; the serum protein was 57-69 milligrams. One child with sterile peritonitis lost 0.46 g protein per kg per day and became frankly hypoproteinemic (47 micrograms). Technical problems included cuff erosion (3 cases), and dislocation (1) or malposition (1) of the Tenckhoff catheter. Statural growth was unsatisfactory in 2 children treated for more than 9 months. CAPD was terminated by cadaveric renal transplantation in 3 patients, and by recovery of renal function in one. One patient is still on CAPD. CAPD offers a valuable alternative to hemodialysis in selected pediatric patients. However, the choice between the two methods should be left to specialized child centers. The long-term potential of CAPD still remains to be defined.
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PMID:[Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in children. 2 years' experience]. 705 Dec 75

1. The inhibiting action of urine on catalase depends to a great extent on its reaction. The urine of a nephritic has no greater inhibiting power than normal urine provided the reaction of urines tested is neutral. 2. The catalytic activity of a single rabbit's blood is constant from day to day. 3. There is considerable variation in the catalytic action of the blood of different rabbits. 4. Following ligation of the ureters the catalytic activity of the blood gradually decreases; the tissues of an animal which has died as a result of ligation of the ureters show a decided decrease in catalytic activity, when compared with those of normal animals. 5. Following bilateral nephrectomy the same decline of the catalytic action of the blood is observed as after bilateral ligation of ureters. 6. Following unilateral nephrectomy the catalytic activity of the blood may temporarily fall and then rise above its previous level, or it may fall continuously. Wherever the continuous fall occurs the animal dies. 7. When the kidneys are allowed to function but the urine is drained into the peritoneal cavity there is no change in the catalytic activity of the tissues post-mortem but a marked rise in the catalytic activity of the blood accompanies the resulting peritonitis. 8. The same rise in the catalytic activity of the blood is obtained in experimental bacterial peritonitis. This might be of diagnostic importance in determining early inflammations of the peritoneum. 9. A kidney functioning normally changes substances circulating in the blood into urinary products devoid of any influence on catalase. If the kidney cannot effect this change, these substances remain unaltered in the circulating blood and by their presence inhibit the catalytic activity of the blood and organs. 10. Nephritis (Uranium Nitrate).-A. In acute nephritis there is a marked decrease in the catalytic activity of the blood and of the tissues post-mortem. The decrease in the catalytic activity of the blood may vary directly with the amount of urine excreted. B. With the onset of uraemia the catalytic activity of the blood decreases markedly and follows in a general way the urinary findings, especially the total amount of urine. If the animal recovers the catalase gradually rises. C. Although the catalytic activity of a normal rabbit's blood is constant from day to day, the activity of blood from a rabbit in which an experimental nephritis has been produced oscillates markedly. The catalytic activity of the blood may under certain conditions indicate the functional sufficiency of the kidneys much more accurately than the urinary findings.
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PMID:THE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE BLOOD IN RELATION TO (1) THE FUNCTIONAL SUFFICIENCY OF THE KIDNEYS; (2) PERITONITIS. 1986 41