Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0341503 (bacterial peritonitis)
 1,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Leukotrienes play a role in inflammation, and their participation in airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction in patients with severe asthma can be ameliorated by a new class of drugs known as leukotriene modulators. The role of leukotrienes in increasing vascular permeability in experimental peritonitis and in inducing chemotaxis of inflammatory cells has recently been documented. Steroids have been incriminated in the development of bacterial translocation in animal models in association with the suppression of mucosal immunity. The development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is recognized in cirrhotic patients with ascites and in those with nephrotic syndrome. The onset of bacterial peritonitis in the absence of these predisposing conditions or other underlying cause, such as perforated viscus, is termed 'primary bacterial peritonitis', and has never been described in asthmatic patients. We present an asthmatic patient who developed primary bacterial peritonitis while receiving a leukotriene modulator in combination with prednisolone therapy. The hypothesis that leukotriene receptor blockade might predispose to the development of primary bacterial peritonitis in patients receiving steroid therapy is discussed.
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PMID:Leukotriene inhibitors in combination with steroids: potential role in the development of primary bacterial peritonitis. 1594 55

Prokinetic agents are effective not only for disease of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract but also for those external to the GI tract such as the central nervous system, and the respiratory, urologic, and metabolic organs. This article reviews the effectiveness of prokinetic agents against diseases external to the GI tract. Studies were identified by computerized and manual searches of the available literature. A Medline search was performed (1975-July, 2008) using the following medical subject headings: prokinetic agent, metoclopramide, domperidone, trimebutine, cisapride, itopride, mosapride, tegaserod, and human. The identified diseases for which prokinetic agents may be effective are various: bronchial asthma, chronic cough, hiccup, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, cholelithiasis, diabetes mellitus, acute migraine, Parkinson's disease, anorexia nervosa, Tourette's disorder, urologic sequelae of spinal cord injury and of radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer, laryngeal dysfunction and so on. These agents are also useful for prevention of aspiration pneumonia during anesthesia, and in tube-fed patients. Prokinetic agents should be a valuable addition to our currently limited pharmacological armamentarium not only for functional bowel disease, but also for diseases external to the GI tract.
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PMID:Effectiveness of prokinetic agents against diseases external to the gastrointestinal tract. 1922 Jun 73